374. Provisions as to Judges of the Federal Court and proceedings pending in the Federal Court or before His Majesty in Council.—

(1) The Judges of the Federal Court holding office immediately before the commencement of this Constitution shall, unless they have elected otherwise, become on such commencement the Judges of the Supreme Court and shall thereupon be entitled to such salaries and allowances and to such rights in respect of leave of absence and pension as are provided for under article 125 in respect of the Judges of the Supreme Court.

(2) All suits, appeals and proceedings, civil or criminal, pending in the Federal Court at the commencement of this Constitution shall stand removed to the Supreme Court, and the Supreme Court shall have jurisdiction to hear and determine the same, and the judgments and orders of the Federal Court delivered or made before the commencement of this Constitution shall have the same force and effect as if they had been delivered or made by the Supreme Court.

(3) Nothing in this Constitution shall operate to invalidate the exercise of jurisdiction by His Majesty in Council to dispose of appeals and petitions from, or in respect of, any judgment, decree or order of any court within the territory of India in so far as the exercise of such jurisdiction is authorised by law, and any order of His Majesty in Council made on any such appeal or petition after the commencement of this Constitution shall for all purposes have effect as if it were an order or decree made by the Supreme Court in the exercise of the jurisdiction conferred on such Court by this Constitution.

(4) On and from the commencement of this Constitution the jurisdiction of the authority functioning as the Privy Council in a State specified in Part B of the First Schedule to entertain and dispose of appeals and petitions from or in respect of any judgment, decree or order of any court within that State shall cease, and all appeals and other proceedings pending before the said authority at such commencement shall be transferred to, and disposed of by, the Supreme Court.

(5) Further provision may be made by Parliament by law to give effect to the provisions of this article. 249 THE CONSTITUTION OF INDIA (Part XXI.—Temporary, Transitional and Special Provisions) 375. Courts, authorities and officers to continue to function subject to the provisions of the Constitution.—All courts of civil, criminal and revenue jurisdiction, all authorities and all officers, judicial, executive and ministerial, throughout the territory of India, shall continue to exercise their respective functions subject to the provisions of this Constitution. 376. Provisions as to Judges of High Courts.—

(1) Notwithstanding anything in clause

(2) of article 217, the Judges of a High Court in any Province holding office immediately before the commencement of this Constitution shall, unless they have elected otherwise, become on such commencement the Judges of the High Court in the corresponding State, and shall thereupon be entitled to such salaries and allowances and to such rights in respect of leave of absence and pension as are provided for under article 221 in respect of the Judges of such High Court. 1[Any such Judge shall, notwithstanding that he is not a citizen of India, be eligible for appointment as Chief Justice of such High Court, or as Chief Justice or other Judge of any other High Court.]

(2) The Judges of a High Court in any Indian State corresponding to any State specified in Part B of the First Schedule holding office immediately before the commencement of this Constitution shall, unless they have elected otherwise, become on such commencement the Judges of the High Court in the State so specified and shall, notwithstanding anything in clauses

(1) and

(2) of article 217 but subject to the proviso to clause

(1) of that article, continue to hold office until the expiration of such period as the President may by order determine.

(3) In this article, the expression “Judge” does not include an acting Judge or an additional Judge. 377. Provisions as to Comptroller and Auditor-General of India.—The Auditor-General of India holding office immediately before the commencement of this Constitution shall, unless he has elected otherwise, become on such commencement the Comptroller and Auditor-General of India and shall thereupon be entitled to such salaries and to such rights in respect of leave of absence and pension as are provided for under clause

(3) of article 148 in respect of the Comptroller and Auditor-General of India and be entitled to continue to hold office until the expiration of his term of office as determined under the provisions which were applicable to him immediately before such commencement. ______________________________________________ 1. Added by the Constitution (First Amendment) Act, 1951, s. 13 (w.e.f. 18-6-1951). 250 THE CONSTITUTION OF INDIA (Part XXI.—Temporary, Transitional and Special Provisions) 378. Provisions as to Public Service Commissions.—

(1) The members of the Public Service Commission for the Dominion of India holding office immediately before the commencement of this Constitution shall, unless they have elected otherwise, become on such commencement the members of the Public Service Commission for the Union and shall, notwithstanding anything in clauses

(1) and

(2) of article 316 but subject to the proviso to clause

(2) of that article, continue to hold office until the expiration of their term of office as determined under the rules which were applicable immediately before such commencement to such members.

(2) The Members of a Public Service Commission of a Province or of a Public Service Commission serving the needs of a group of Provinces holding office immediately before the commencement of this Constitution shall, unless they have elected otherwise, become on such commencement the members of the Public Service Commission for the corresponding State or the members of the Joint State Public Service Commission serving the needs of the corresponding States, as the case may be, and shall, notwithstanding anything in clauses

(1) and

(2) of article 316 but subject to the proviso to clause

(2) of that article, continue to hold office until the expiration of their term of office as determined under the rules which were applicable immediately before such commencement to such members. 1 [378A. Special provision as to duration of Andhra Pradesh Legislative Assembly.—Notwithstanding anything contained in article 172, the Legislative Assembly of the State of Andhra Pradesh as constituted under the provisions of sections 28 and 29 of the States Reorganisation Act, 1956, shall, unless sooner dissolved, continue for a period of five years from the date referred to in the said section 29 and no longer and the expiration of the said period shall operate as a dissolution of that Legislative Assembly.] 379. [Provisions as to provisional Parliament and the Speaker and Deputy Speaker thereof.].—Omitted by the Constitution (Seventh Amendment) Act, 1956, s. 29 and Sch. (w.e.f. 1-11-1956). 380. [Provision as to President.].—Omitted by the Constitution (Seventh Amendment) Act, 1956, s. 29 and Sch. (w.e.f. 1-11-1956). 381. [Council of Ministers of the President.].—Omitted by the Constitution (Seventh Amendment) Act, 1956, s. 29 and Sch. (w.e.f. 1-11-1956). 382. [Provisions as to provisional Legislatures for States in Part A of the First Schedule.].—Omitted by the Constitution (Seventh Amendment) Act, 1956, s. 29 and Sch. (w.e.f. 1-11-1956). 383. [Provision as to Governors of Provinces.].—Omitted by the Constitution (Seventh Amendment) Act, 1956, s. 29 and Sch. (w.e.f. 1-11-1956). ______________________________________________ 1. Art 378A ins. by the Constitution (Seventh Amendment) Act, 1956, s. 24 (w.e.f. 1-11-1956). 251 THE CONSTITUTION OF INDIA (Part XXI.—Temporary, Transitional and Special Provisions) 384. [Council of Ministers of the Governors.].—Omitted by the Constitution (Seventh Amendment) Act, 1956, s. 29 and Sch. (w.e.f. 1-11-1956). 385. [Provision as to provisional Legislatures in States in Part B of the First Schedule.].—Omitted by the Constitution (Seventh Amendment) Act, 1956, s. 29 and Sch. (w.e.f. 1-11-1956). 386. [Council of Ministers for States in Part B of the First Schedule.].— Omitted by the Constitution (Seventh Amendment) Act, 1956, s. 29 and Sch. (w.e.f. 1-11-1956). 387. [Special provision as to determination of population for the purposes of certain elections.].—Omitted by the Constitution (Seventh Amendment) Act, 1956, s. 29 and Sch. (w.e.f. 1-11-1956). 388. [Provisions as to the filling of casual vacancies in the provisional Parliament and provisional Legislatures of the States.].—Omitted by the Constitution (Seventh Amendment) Act, 1956, s. 29 and Sch. (w.e.f. 1-11-1956). 389. [Provision as to Bills pending in the Dominion Legislatures and in the Legislatures of Provinces and Indian States.] —Omitted by the Constitution (Seventh Amendment) Act, 1956, s. 29 and Sch. (w.e.f. 1-11-1956). 390. [Money received or raised or expenditure incurred between the commencement of the Constitution and the 31st day of March, 1950].—Omitted by the Constitution (Seventh Amendment) Act, 1956, s. 29 and Sch. (w.e.f. 1-11- 1956). 391. [Power of the President to amend the First and Fourth Schedules in certain contingencies.].—Omitted by the Constitution (Seventh Amendment) Act, 1956, s. 29 and Sch. (w.e.f. 1-11-1956). 392. Power of the President to remove difficulties.—

(1) The President may, for the purpose of removing any difficulties, particularly in relation to the transition from the provisions of the Government of India Act, 1935, to the provisions of this Constitution, by order direct that this Constitution shall, during such period as may be specified in the order, have effect subject to such adaptations, whether by way of modification, addition or omission, as he may deem to be necessary or expedient:

(2) Every order made under clause

(1) shall be laid before Parliament.

(3) The powers conferred on the President by this article, by article 324, by clause

(3) of article 367 and by article 391 shall, before the commencement of this Constitution, be exercisable by the Governor-General of the Dominion of India. PART XXII SHORT TITLE, COMMENCEMENT, 1[AUTHORITATIVE TEXT IN HINDI] AND REPEALS 393. Short title.—This Constitution may be called the Constitution of India. 394. Commencement.—This article and articles 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 60, 324, 366, 367, 379, 380, 388, 391, 392 and 393 shall come into force at once, and the remaining provisions of this Constitution shall come into force on the twenty-sixth day of January, 1950, which day is referred to in this Constitution as the commencement of this Constitution. 2 [394A. Authoritative text in the Hindi language.—

(1) The President shall cause to be published under his authority,—

(2) The translation of this Constitution and of every amendment thereof published under clause

(1) shall be construed to have the same meaning as the original thereof and if any difficulty arises in so construing any part of such translation, the President shall cause the same to be revised suitably.

(3) The translation of this Constitution and of every amendment thereof published under this article shall be deemed to be, for all purposes, the authoritative text thereof in the Hindi language.] 395. Repeals.— The Indian Independence Act, 1947, and the Government of India Act, 1935, together with all enactments amending or supplementing the latter Act, but not including the Abolition of Privy Council Jurisdiction Act, 1949, are hereby repealed. ______________________________________________ 1. Ins. by the Constitution (Fifty-eighth Amendment) Act, 1987, s. 2 (w.e.f. 9-12-1987). 2. Art 394A, Ins. by s. 3, ibid. (w.e.f. 9-12-1987). 252 1 [FIRST SCHEDULE [Articles 1 and 4] I. THE STATES Name Territories 2 1. Andhra [The territories specified in sub-section

(1) of section 3 of Pradesh the Andhra State Act, 1953, sub-section

(1) of section 3 of the States Reorganisation Act, 1956, the First Schedule to the Andhra Pradesh and Madras (Alteration of Boundaries) Act, 1959, and the Schedule to the Andhra Pradesh and Mysore (Transfer of Territory) Act, 1968, but excluding the territories specified in the Second Schedule to the Andhra Pradesh and Madras (Alteration of Boundaries) Act, 1959] 3[and the territories specified in section 3 of the Andhra Pradesh Reorganisation Act, 2014]. 2. Assam The territories which immediately before the commencement of this Constitution were comprised in the Province of Assam, the Khasi States and the Assam Tribal Areas, but excluding the territories specified in the Schedule to the Assam 4 (Alteration of Boundaries) Act, 1951 [and the territories specified in sub-section

(1) of section 3 of the State of Nagaland Act, 1962] 5[and the territories specified in sections 5, 6 and 7 of the North-Eastern Areas (Reorganisation) Act, 1971] 6[and the territories referred to in Part I of the Second Schedule to the Constitution (One Hundredth Amendment) Act, 2015, notwithstanding anything contained in clause

(1) of section 3 of the Bihar and Uttar Pradesh (Alteration of Boundaries) Act, 1968, but excluding the territories specified in sub-section

(1) of section 3 of the Bihar and West Bengal (Transfer of Territories) Act, 1956, and the territories specified in clause

(1) of section 3 of the first mentioned Act 2[and the territories specified in section 3 of the Bihar Reorganisation Act, 2000].] 3 [4. Gujarat The territories referred to in sub-section

(1) of section 3 of the Bombay Reorganisation Act, 1960.] 5. Kerala The territories specified in sub-section

(1) of section 5 of the States Reorganisation Act, 1956. 6. Madhya The territories specified in sub-section

(1) of section 9 of Pradesh the States Reorganisation Act, 1956 4[and the First Schedule to the Rajasthan and Madhya Pradesh (Transfer of Territories) Act, 1959], 5[but excluding the territories specified in section 3 of the Madhya Pradesh Reorganisation Act, 2000]. ______________________________________________ 1. Subs. by the Bihar and Uttar Pradesh (Alteration of Boundaries) Act, 1968 (24 of 1968), s. 4, for the former entry (w.e.f. 10-6-1970). 2. Added by the Bihar Reorganisation Act, 2000 (30 of 2000), s. 5 (w.e.f. 15-11- 2000). 3. Subs. by the Bombay Reorganisation Act, 1960 (11 of 1960), s. 4 (w.e.f. 1-5-1960). 4. Ins. by the Rajasthan and Madhya Pradesh (Transfer of Territories) Act, 1959 (47 of 1959), s. 4 (w.e.f. 1-10-1959). 5. Added by the Madhya Pradesh Reorganisation Act, 2000 (28 of 2000), s. 5 (w.e.f. 1-11-2000). 255 THE CONSTITUTION OF INDIA (First Schedule) Name Territories 1[7. Tamil Nadu] The territories which immediately before the commencement of this Constitution were either comprised in the Province of Madras or were being administered as if they formed part of that Province and the territories specified in section 4 of the States Reorganisation Act, 1956, 2[and the Second Schedule to the Andhra Pradesh and Madras (Alteration of Boundaries) Act, 1959], but excluding the territories specified in sub-section

(1) of section 3 and sub-section

(1) of section 4 of the Andhra State Act, 1953 and 3[the territories specified in clause

(1) of section 5, section 6 and clause

(1) of section 7 of the States Reorganisation Act, 1956 and the territories specified in the First Schedule to the Andhra Pradesh and Madras (Alteration of Boundaries) Act, 1959.] 4[8. Maharashtra The territories specified in sub-section

(1) of section 8 of the States Reorganisation Act, 1956, but excluding the territories referred to in sub-section

(1) of section 3 of the Bombay Reorganisation Act, 1960.] 5[6[9.] The territories specified in sub-section

(1) of section 7 Karnataka] of the States Reorganisation Act, 1956 7[but excluding the territory specified in the Schedule to the Andhra Pradesh and Mysore (Transfer of Territory) Act, 1968.] ______________________________________________ 1. Subs. by the Madras State (Alteration of Name) Act, 1968 (53 of 1968), s. 5, for "7. Madras" (w.e.f. 14-1-1969). 2. Ins. by the Andhra Pradesh and Madras (Alteration of Boundaries) Act, 1959 (56 of 1959), s. 6 (w.e.f. 1-4-1960). 3. Subs. by s. 6, ibid., for certain words (w.e.f. 1-4-1960). 4. Ins. by the Bombay Reorganisation Act, 1960 (11 of 1960), s. 4 (w.e.f. 1-5-1960). 5. Subs. by the Mysore State (Alteration of Name) Act, 1973 (31 of 1973), s. 5, for "9. Mysore" (w.e.f. 1-11-1973). 6. Entries 8 to 14 renumbered as entries 9 to 15 by the Bombay Reorganisation Act, 1960 (11 of 1960), s. 4 (w.e.f. 1-5-1960). 7. Ins. by the Andhra Pradesh and Mysore (Transfer of Territory) Act, 1968 (36 of 1968), s. 4 (w.e.f. 1-10-1968). 256 THE CONSTITUTION OF INDIA (First Schedule) Name Territories 1[10.] 2[Odisha] The territories which immediately before the commencement of this Constitution were either comprised in the Province of Orissa or were being administered as if they formed part of that Province. 1 [11.] Punjab The territories specified in section 11 of the States Reorganisation Act, 1956 3[and the territories referred to in Part II of the First Schedule to the Acquired Territories (Merger) Act, 1960] 4[but excluding the territories referred to in Part II of the First Schedule to the Constitution (Ninth Amendment) Act, 1960] 5[and the territories specified in sub-section

(1) of section 3, section 4 and sub-section

(1) of section 5 of the Punjab Reorganisation Act, 1966.] 1 [12.] The territories specified in section 10 of the States Rajasthan Reorganisation Act, 1956 6[but excluding the territories specified in the First Schedule to the Rajasthan and Madhya Pradesh (Transfer of Territories) Act, 1959]. ______________________________________________ 1. Entries 8 to 14 renumbered as entries 9 to 15 by the Bombay Reorganisation Act, 1960 (11 of 1960), s. 4 (w.e.f. 1-5-1960). 2. Subs. by the Orissa (Alteration of Name) Act, 2011 (15 of 2011), s. 6, for "Orissa" (w.e.f. 1-11-2011). 3. Ins. by the Acquired Territories (Merger) Act, 1960 (64 of 1960), s. 4 (w.e.f. 17-1-1961). 4. Added by the Constitution (Ninth Amendment) Act, 1960, s. 3 (w.e.f. 17-1-1961). 5. Added by the Punjab Reorganisation Act, 1966 (31 of 1966), s. 7 (w.e.f. 1-11-1966). 6. Ins. by the Rajasthan and Madhya Pradesh (Transfer of Territories) Act, 1959 (47 of 1959), s. 4 (w.e.f. 1-10-1959). 257 THE CONSTITUTION OF INDIA (First Schedule) Name Territories 1 2 [13.] Uttar [The territories which immediately before the Pradesh commencement of this Constitution were either comprised in the Province known as the United Provinces or were being administered as if they formed part of that Province, the territories specified in clause

(1) of section 3 of the Bihar and Uttar Pradesh (Alteration of Boundaries) Act, 1968, and the territories specified in clause

(1) of section 4 of the Haryana and Uttar Pradesh (Alteration of Boundaries) Act, 1979, but excluding the territories specified in clause

(1) of section 3 of the Bihar and Uttar Pradesh (Alteration of Boundaries) Act, 1968, 3[and the territories specified in section 3 of the Uttar Pradesh Reorganisation Act, 2000] and the territories specified in clause

(1) of section 4 of the Haryana and Uttar Pradesh (Alteration of Boundaries) Act, 1979.] 1 [14.] West The territories which immediately before the Bengal commencement of this Constitution were either comprised in the Province of West Bengal or were being administered as if they formed part of that Province and the territory of Chandernagore as defined in clause

(1) of section 3 of the Bihar and West Bengal (Transfer of Territories) Act, 1956 4 [and also the territories referred to in Part III of the First Schedule but excluding the territories referred to in Part III of the Second Schedule to the Constitution (One Hundredth Amendment) Act, 2015, notwithstanding anything contained in clause

(1) of section 3 Nagaland of the State of Nagaland Act, 1962.] 3 5 6 [ [16.] [The territories specified in sub-section

(1) of section 3 Haryana of the Punjab Reorganisation Act, 1966 and the territories specified in clause

(1) of section 4 of the Haryana and Uttar Pradesh (Alteration of Boundaries) Act, 1979, but excluding the territories specified in clause

(1) of section 4 of that Act.]] 3 7 [ [17.] The territories which immediately before the Himachal commencement of this Constitution were being Pradesh administered as if they were Chief Commissioners’ Provinces under the names of Himachal Pradesh and Bilaspur and the territories specified in sub-section

(1) of section 5 of the Punjab Reorganisation Act, 1966.] 3 8 [ [18.] The territory which immediately before the Manipur commencement of this Constitution was being administered as if it were a Chief Commissioner’s Province under the name of Manipur.] ______________________________________________ 1. **Entry 15 relating to Jammu and Kashmir deleted by the Jammu and Kashmir Reorganisation Act, 2019 (34 of 2019), s. 6 (w.e.f. 31-10-2019). 2. Entries 8 to 14 renumbered as 9 to 15 by the Bombay Reorganisation Act, 1960 (11 of 1960), s. 4 (w.e.f. 1-5-1960). 3. Entries 16 to 29 renumbered as entries 15 to 28 by the Jammu and Kashmir Reorganisation Act, 2019 (34 of 2019), s. 6 (w.e.f. 31-10-2019). 4 Ins. by the State of Nagaland Act, 1962 (27 of 1962), s. 4 (w.e.f. 1-12-1963). 5. Ins. by the Punjab Reorganisation Act, 1966 (31 of 1966), s. 7 (w.e.f. 1-11-1966) and the entry therein subsequently amended by the Haryana and Uttar Pradesh (Alteration of Boundaries) Act, 1979 (31 of 1979), s. 5 (w.e.f. 15-9-1983). 6. Subs. by the Haryana and Uttar Pradesh (Alteration of Boundaries) Act, 1979 (31 of 1979), s. 5, for the entry against "17. Haryana" (w.e.f. 15-9-1983). 7. Ins. by the State of Himachal Pradesh Act, 1970 (53 of 1970), s. 4 (w.e.f. 25-1-1971). 8. Ins. by the North-Eastern Areas (Reorganisation) Act, 1971 (81 of 1971), s. 9 (w.e.f. 21-1-1972). 259 THE CONSTITUTION OF INDIA (First Schedule) Name Territories 1 [19.] Tripura The territory which immediately before the commencement of this Constitution was being administered as if it were a Chief Commissioner’s Province under the name of Tripura 2[and the territories referred to in Part II of the First Schedule to the Constitution (One Hundredth Amendment) Act, 2015, notwithstanding anything contained in clause