As per case facts, a tenancy dispute between brothers, Amarjit Singh (appellant) and Mohan Singh (deceased), escalated into a physical altercation where Amarjit Singh struck Mohan Singh on the head ... with a dang. Mohan Singh was hospitalized and later succumbed to his injuries. The appellant was convicted for murder under Section 302 IPC by the Sessions Judge. The appeal was filed arguing lack of mens rea for murder and inconsistencies in evidence. The question arose whether the prosecution proved beyond reasonable doubt that the appellant had the necessary mens rea for murder in terms of Section 302 IPC, or whether the act falls within culpable homicide not amounting to murder as per Section 304 Part 2 IPC. Finally, the High Court found the incident occurred during a sudden quarrel without premeditation or clear intention to cause death, inflicting a single fatal blow. Thus, the conviction was altered from Section 302 IPC to Section 304 Part 2 IPC, with the sentence already undergone considered sufficient.