Suspension order, three months rule, charge-sheet, reinstatement, Gokhale Institute, Bombay High Court, writ petition, disciplinary inquiry, Maharashtra Civil Services Rules, Ajay Kumar Choudhary
 05 Aug, 2026
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Dr. Dilip Kajale & Dr. Prakash Vankhade Vs. Gokhale Institute of Politics and Economics and Ors.

  Bombay High Court WRIT PETITION NO.8665 OF 2026; WRIT PETITION NO.8677
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Case Background

As per case facts, Dr. Dilip Kajale and Dr. Prakash Vankhade were suspended on October 17, 2025, by the Gokhale Institute. Disciplinary inquiries were initiated. They challenged the continued suspension, ...

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IN THE HIGH COURT OF JUDICATURE AT BOMBAY

CIVIL APPELLATE JURISDICTION

WRIT PETITION NO.8665 OF 2026

Dr. Dilip Kajale …Petitioner

Versus

Gokhale Institute of Politics and Economics 

and Ors.

…Respondents

WITH

WRIT PETITION NO.8677 OF 2026

Dr. Prakash Vankhade …Petitioner

Versus

Gokhale Institute of Politics and Economics 

and Ors.

…Respondents

----------

Mr. Mihir Desai, Senior Advocate, i/b. Ms. Sanskriti Yagnik for the 

Petitioner.

Mr. Pandit Kasar for Respondent Nos.1 and 2.

Shri P.P. Kakade, Addl. G.P. with Ms. Priyanka Chavan, AGP for the 

State.

----------

CORAM   : R.I. CHAGLA  AND

FARHAN P. DUBASH, JJ

Reserved on      :   22ND JULY 2026

Pronounced on :   5TH AUGUST 2026

J U D G M E N T : Per R.I Chagla, J.

1. These Writ Petitions have been heard together as the 

issue raised is the same and the orders bearing the same date viz. 

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JITENDRA

SHANKAR

NIJASURE

Digitally

signed by

JITENDRA

SHANKAR

NIJASURE

Date:

2026.08.05

15:53:14

+0530

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17th October 2025 by which the respective Petitioners have been 

suspended by  the Chancellor  of  the Respondent No.1 - Gokhale 

Institute of Politics and Economics (‘Institute’) as well as the Orders 

dated 4th June 2026 by which the Chancellor of the Respondent No.1 

– Institute has ordered continuation of inquiry proceedings already 

initiated, in accordance with applicable rules, have been impugned.

2. The Petitioner in Writ Petition No.8665 of 2026 had been 

appointed on contractual basis as Assistant Professor of Agricultural 

Studies/Economics at the Respondent No.1 – Institute on 8th January 

2014   and   was   regularized   as   a   permanent   employee   at   the 

Respondent No.1 – Institute on 6th February 2024. He was appointed 

by the Vice Chancellor of Respondent No.1 – Institute as Associate 

Dean of Faculty on 3rd June 2024. Whereas the Petitioner in Writ 

Petition No.8677 of 2026 had been appointed as Associate Professor 

in Economics on 1st September 2023 and thereafter as Associate 

Dean (Academic Research) on 8th January 2025.

3. A   Government   Resolution   had   been   issued   by   the 

Respondent   – State on 22nd April 2025 which provided under 

Clause 1(A) (i) that if a departmental or judicial inquiry had not been 

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initiated within a period of three months from the date of suspension, 

then the suspension cannot be continued. The Competent Authority 

would accordingly have to reinstate the suspended employee. This 

was   in   line   with   the   Maharashtra   Civil   Services   (Discipline   and 

Appeal) Rules, 1979 (“MCS Rules, 1979”).

4. The incident which gave rise to the impugned suspension 

orders took place on 5th May 2025 as a result of one Mr. Naresh 

Bodkhe,   a   colleague   of   the   Petitioners,   who   according   to   the 

Petitioners   had   provoked   them   by   making   baseless   and 

unsubstantiated   remarks   which   they   claim   were   defamatory   and 

caused serious damage to their professional standing and personal 

dignity. On the date of the incident, the Petitioners claim to have 

visited the office of Mr. Bodkhe to seek clarity with regard to the 

alleged misinformation claimed to be damaging their professional 

integrity and requested Mr. Bodkhe to stop mental harassment and 

damage to their reputation.

5. This led to Mr. Bodhke filing a written complaint on 6th 

May 2025 against the Petitioners, which the Petitioners claim falsely 

narrated the said incident.

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6. The   Petitioners   received   a   notice   on   8th   May   2025 

regarding their alleged misconduct on Institute premises. The said 

notice referred to the allegations of misconduct against them by Mr. 

Bodkhe in his complaint filed on 6th May 2025.

7.  The Petitioners filed written explanations on 10th May 

2025   within   the   given   time   period   wherein   they   denied   the 

allegations   and   claim   to   have   explained   the   true   events   that 

transpired inside Mr. Bodkhe’s office on 5th May 2025.

8. The Petitioners not having received any response to their 

written   explanations   continued   fulfilling   their   duties   at   the 

Respondent No.1 – Institute. 

9. The Petitioners received the impugned suspension orders 

dated 17th October 2025 issued by the Respondent No.2 – Officiating 

Deputy   Registrar   of   the   Respondent   No.1   –   Institute   initiating 

disciplinary   inquiry   against   the   Petitioners   and   immediately 

suspended   them   from   service.   The   impugned   orders   barred   the 

Petitioners from entering the Respondent No.1 – Institute’s premises 

during   the   pendency   of   the   investigation   but   entitled   them   to 

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subsistence allowance.

10. The Petitioners thereafter filed their respective replies 

whereby   they   requested   the   Chancellor   of   Respondent   No.1   – 

Institute to revoke their suspension on the premise that the said 

incident had no relation to the day-to-day functioning of Respondent 

No.1 – Institute and that the incident was a false concoction created 

by said Mr. Bodhke.

11. The   three   months   period   since   the   issuance   of   the 

impugned   suspension   orders   lapsed   on   17th   January   2026.   The 

Petitioners claim that it was incumbent on the Respondent No.1 – 

Institute to reinstate the Petitioners in accordance with the G.R. 

dated 22nd April 2025.

12. The   Petitioners   claim   that   the   Respondent   No.1   – 

Institute in failing to reinstate the Petitioners, despite not issuing any 

order extending the impugned suspension orders within the said 

period of three months, is in violation of principles of natural justice. 

13. A prior Writ Petition No.3185 of 2026, being a composite 

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Writ Petition on behalf of both Petitioners was filed before this Court. 

14. By an Order dated 7th April 2026, this Court directed 

that the matter be listed on a subsequent date viz. on 16th April 

2026. On that date, during the pendency of the said Petitions, the 

Respondent   No.1   –   Institute   served   the   charge   sheets   on   the 

Petitioners. 

15. This Court by an Order dated 17th April, 2026, directed 

the Respondent No.6 – Chancellor of the Respondent No.1 – Institute 

to treat the Writ Petition No.3185 of 2026 as an appeal against the 

suspension orders dated 17th October 2025 and pass a reasoned 

order in accordance with law.

16. The Petitioners submitted comprehensive replies to the 

charge-sheet including the Statement of Allegations dated 16th April 

2026 on 30th April 2026.

17. The Petitioners raised written objections to the initiation 

of inquiry proceedings.

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18. The Respondent No.1 – Institute by their communication 

dated 29th April 2026 stated that in view of not having received a 

stay order from this Court, they are legally entitled to continue with 

the disciplinary proceedings.  

19. The impugned orders dated 4th June 2026 were passed 

by the Respondent No.6 – Chancellor of Respondent No.1 – Institute 

by   which   it   was   ordered   that   the   inquiry   proceedings   already 

initiated shall continue in accordance with the applicable Rules.

20. Being aggrieved by the impugned Orders of suspension 

as well as the impugned Orders continuing the inquiry proceedings, 

Writ   Petition   No.7354   of   2026   came   to   be   filed   by   both  the 

Petitioners.

21. By   an   order   dated   8th   July   2026,   the   Writ   Petition 

No.7354 of 2026 was allowed to be withdrawn with liberty to file 

fresh separate Writ Petitions.

22. Accordingly, the Writ Petition No.8677 of 2026 and Writ 

Petition No.8665 of 2026 have been filed by the Petitioners. 

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23. During the course of arguments, Mr. Mihir Desai the 

learned Senior Counsel for the Petitioners fairly stated that though 

the first prayer in these Petitions seek quashing and setting aside of 

the impugned suspension orders dated 17th October 2025 and the 

second prayer seeks quashing and setting aside of the impugned 

Order of the Respondent No.6 – Chancellor dated 4th June 2026 

continuing the inquiry proceedings, the Petitioners are only pressing 

their first prayer by raising the issue viz. whether the impugned 

suspension orders can extend beyond three months if the charge 

sheet has not been filed and/or served on the Petitioners within the 

said period of three months and/or no reasoned order passed during 

that period for extension of the suspension.

24. Mr. Desai has placed reliance upon the judgment of the 

Supreme Court in Ajay Kumar Choudhary v. Union of India Through 

its Secretary and Anr

1

, at paragraph 21, wherein the Supreme Court 

has directed that the currency of a suspension order should not 

extend beyond three months if within this period the memorandum 

of   charges/charge-sheet   is   not   served   on   the   delinquent 

officer/employee.   If   the   memorandum   of   charges/charge-sheet   is 

1(2015) 7 Supreme Court Cases 291.

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served,   a   reasoned   order   must   be   passed   for   the   extension   of 

suspension. He has submitted that the Supreme Court has thus made 

it clear that the suspension order cannot extend beyond three months 

where   the   charge-sheet   has   not   been   served   on   the   delinquent 

officer/employee. He has submitted that in such circumstance the 

suspension order lapses and that the delinquent officer/employee is 

required to be reinstated in the position he occupied prior to the 

suspension order. 

25. Mr. Desai has also placed reliance upon GR dated 22nd 

April   2025   which   provides   under   Clause   1(A)(i)   that   if   a 

departmental or judicial inquiry had not commenced against the 

suspended employee within the period of three months from the date 

of the  suspension, his suspension cannot  be continued  after  the 

expiry of three months and he would be required to be reinstated.

26. Mr.   Desai   has   also   referred   to   the   judgment   of   the 

Division Bench of this Court in Kiran Ramesh Waghela v. Municipal 

Corporation of Greater Mumbai & Ors

2

. at paragraph 29 -31. The 

Division Bench of this Court has considered the judgment of the 

22021 SCC OnLine Bom 14127.

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Supreme Court in Ajay Kumar Choudhary (Supra) and held that it is 

clear from this decision that the impugned order which extends 

beyond three months and during which period no charge-sheet has 

been   filed   cannot   be   allowed   to   remain   in   operation.   The   said 

decision has also placed reliance on the judgment of the Delhi High 

Court in Government of NCT Delhi v. Dr. Rishi Anand

3

, which holds 

that any extension beyond the period of three months where no 

charge sheet has been filed would require a reasoned order for such 

extension. 

27. Mr. Desai has submitted that in light of the aforesaid 

decision of the Supreme Court as well as of this Court and from a 

reading   of   the   said   GR   dated   22nd   April   2025,   the   impugned 

suspension Orders cannot extend beyond the period of three months 

from the date of suspension, in view of no charge-sheet having been 

issued and/or served upon the Petitioners within the said period of 

three months. Further, a reasoned order has not been passed for 

extension of the suspension. Thus, the impugned suspension orders 

would lapse and the Petitioners are required to be reinstated in the 

positions they were occupying prior to the passing of the suspension 

3Writ Petition (C) No.8134 of 2017 and C.M. No.33423 of 2017 decided on 13th 

September 2017.

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order.

28. Mr. Pandit Kasar, the learned Counsel for the Respondent 

Nos.1 and 2 has submitted that the reason for non issuance of the 

charge sheet and/or service of the charge sheet, during the period of 

three months from the date of suspension has been provided in the 

charge-sheet issued on 16th April 2026 viz. that the delay in issuance 

of   the   charge-sheet   was   attributable   to   the   Institution   decision 

making process of the Executive Council. The Executive Council had 

met   on   10th   October   2025   and   considered   the   complaint   and 

recommended initiation of disciplinary action and suspension. This 

was followed by the action taken in issuance of  the suspension 

Orders. It was only due to the next meeting of the Executive Council 

not   being   convened   within   the   three   months   from   the   date   of 

suspension, and having been convened only on 20th March 2026, 

that no charge sheet was issued within the said period of three 

months from the date of suspension. It was at the meeting held on 

20th   March   2026   that   the   matter   was   further   deliberated   and 

necessary approval was accorded for issuance of the charge sheet, 

which accordingly was issued on 16th April 2026.

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29. Mr. Kasar has further submitted that in the GR dated 

22nd April 2025, it is provided that in the event a decision is taken to 

extend   the   suspension   period   beyond   three   months   then   the 

extension   should   be   of   minimum   period.   Also   the   extension   of 

suspension cannot be more than a six month period at one time. He 

has submitted that the GR thus provides for an extension beyond the 

period   of   three   months   from   the   date   of   suspension.   He   has 

accordingly submitted that the impugned suspension orders are very 

much in operation and have not lapsed. Further, by the order dated 

4th June 2026, the Respondent No.6 – Chancellor of the Respondent 

No.1 – Institute had continued the inquiry proceedings against the 

Petitioners after examining the Appeal submitted by the Petitioners in 

compliance with the Order dated 17th April 2026 passed by this 

Court in prior Writ Petition No.3185 of 2026.

30. Having considered the submissions, the issue which has 

been raised by the Petitioners is whether the suspension order can 

extend beyond a period of three months in the event of the charge 

sheet   not   being   issued   and/or   served   on   the   delinquent 

officer/employee and there is no reasoned order passed for such 

extension of suspension during that period. 

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31. The Supreme Court in  Ajay Kumar Choudhary (Supra) at 

paragraph 21 has directed that the currency of the suspension order 

should not extend beyond  three months if  within that period a 

charge-sheet is not served on the delinquent officer/employee and if 

the charge sheet is served, a reasoned order must be passed for 

extension of the suspension. From a plain reading of the said decision 

it is clear that in the event the charge-sheet is not issued and/or 

served on the delinquent officers/employees within the period of 

three months from the suspension order, the suspension order can in 

no event be extended. This would also be the case where beyond the 

said   period   of   three   months,   satisfactory   reasons   are   given   for 

extension of the suspension. 

32. In the present case, admittedly no charge-sheet had been 

issued and/or served on the Petitioners within the period of three 

months from the impugned suspension orders. The said period of 

three months lapsed on 17th January 2026. The reason given for 

non-issuance of the charge-sheets within the period of three months 

from the suspension Orders, is borne out from the charge-sheet 

issued on 16th April 2026 wherein it is stated that the intervening 

period viz. the period between the suspension orders and issuance of 

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the   charge-sheets,   was   attributable   to   the   institutional   decision 

making process of the Executive Council. This reason apart from 

being given beyond the period of three months from the suspension 

Orders which in our reading of the aforesaid decision of the Supreme 

Court is impermissible, is unsatisfactory. In view thereof, the currency 

of the suspension orders cannot extend beyond the period of three 

months and the Petitioners would be required to be reinstated to 

their respective positions which they occupied at the Respondent 

No.1 – Institute prior to issuance of the suspension orders. 

33. The Supreme Court decision in  Ajay Kumar Choudhary 

(Supra)  also fell for consideration before the Division Bench of this 

Court in Kiran Ramesh Waghela (Supra). It was held therein that it is 

clear from the decision of the Supreme Court that the impugned 

suspension order which extends beyond three months and during 

which period no charge-sheet has been filed cannot be allowed to 

remain in operation. The adequate safeguards of the currency of the 

suspension order not extending beyond three months if charge sheet 

is not served on the delinquent officer/employee is in aid of the 

universally recognized principle of human dignity and the right to a 

speedy trial and also preserve the interest of Government in the 

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prosecution.   Thus   such   imposition   of   a   limit   on   the   period   of 

suspension would not be contrary to the interest of justice.

34. The reliance placed by the Respondent Nos.1 and 2 on 

the GR dated 22nd April 2025 and in particular where it is provided 

that   suspension   order   may   extend   beyond   three   months   if   the 

decision of extension is taken and that such extension would be of 

minimum period viz. not more than a six month period at one time, 

to contend that the suspension order may be extended beyond three 

months, is misplaced. The said GR pre-supposes that a decision for 

extension of the suspension is taken within the three months from 

the date of suspension. Further, under Clause 1(A)(i) it is expressly 

provided that where there is no judicial action commenced against 

the suspended Government employee which would include issuance 

and/or service of charge-sheet within the period of three months 

from the date of suspension then in such case, the suspension cannot 

be   continued   after   the   expiry   of   the   three   month   period.   The 

Respondent   No.1   –   Institute   would   be   required   to   reinstate   the 

suspended candidates in that event.

35. Accordingly, we allow the present Petitions by setting 

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aside the impugned suspension orders dated 17th October 2025. 

36. The Respondent No.1 – Institute is directed to reinstate 

the Petitioners to the position they occupied prior to the issuance of 

the impugned suspension orders dated 17th October 2025 which, by 

this Order have been quashed and set aside.

37. It is made clear that the inquiry proceedings which have 

been continued against the Petitioners vide order dated 4th June 

2026 issued by Respondent No.6 – Chancellor of the Respondent 

No.1 – Institute shall continue according to the prescribed procedure 

and   applicable   Rules.   The   inquiry   committee   shall   conduct   the 

proceedings independently and ensure due opportunity is provided to 

all concerned parties in conformity with the principles of natural 

justice.

38. Writ Petitions are accordingly disposed of in the above 

terms. There shall be no order as to costs.

[ FARHAN P. DUBASH, J. ] [ R.I. CHAGLA  J. ]

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Bombay High Court Clarifies Suspension Order Validity: Upholds Employee Rights, Mandates Employee Reinstatement for Prolonged Disciplinary Delays

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The Bombay High Court has recently delivered a significant ruling concerning Suspension Order Validity and the critical issue of Employee Reinstatement when disciplinary proceedings face undue delays. This pivotal judgment, now accessible on CaseOn, serves as a crucial reminder for employers regarding the stringent timelines for initiating formal charges against suspended employees and underscores the robust protections afforded to employees under established legal precedents.

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Case Background: The Disciplinary Dispute at Gokhale Institute

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The Petitioners and the Allegations

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The case involves two faculty members, Dr. Dilip Kajale and Dr. Prakash Vankhade, who were employed at the Gokhale Institute of Politics and Economics. Dr. Kajale, an Assistant Professor (later regularized and promoted to Associate Dean), and Dr. Vankhade, an Associate Professor (later Associate Dean), found themselves at the center of a disciplinary dispute. They were suspended on October 17, 2025, following a written complaint filed by a colleague, Mr. Naresh Bodkhe, on May 6, 2025. The petitioners claimed Mr. Bodkhe had provoked them with baseless and defamatory remarks, leading to an incident on May 5, 2025, where they sought clarity and asked him to cease what they considered mental harassment. They denied the allegations in their written explanations.

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The Timeline of Events

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  • May 5, 2025: The incident occurred between the petitioners and Mr. Bodkhe.
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  • May 6, 2025: Mr. Bodkhe filed a formal complaint.
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  • May 8, 2025: Petitioners received a notice regarding alleged misconduct.
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  • May 10, 2025: Petitioners submitted written explanations denying the allegations.
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  • October 17, 2025: The impugned suspension orders were issued, initiating disciplinary inquiry and suspending the petitioners from service.
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  • January 17, 2026: The crucial three-month period from the date of suspension lapsed.
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  • April 16, 2026: Charge sheets were finally issued and served upon the petitioners.
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  • June 4, 2026: The Chancellor of the Institute ordered the continuation of the inquiry proceedings.
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Aggrieved by the continued suspension without a timely charge sheet, the petitioners challenged the suspension orders and their continuation, leading to the present writ petitions.

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The Core Legal Issue: When Does a Suspension Order Lose Its Force?

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The Question Before the Court

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The central legal question before the Bombay High Court was whether the impugned suspension orders could legitimately extend beyond a period of three months. This hinged on two critical aspects: first, whether a charge sheet had been served on the petitioners within this three-month window, and second, whether a reasoned order for extending the suspension had been passed during that period.

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Guiding Legal Principles: The Rule of Timely Disciplinary Action

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The Supreme Court's Stance in Ajay Kumar Choudhary v. Union of India

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A significant precedent applied in this case was the Supreme Court's judgment in Ajay Kumar Choudhary v. Union of India (2015) 7 Supreme Court Cases 291. In this landmark ruling, the Supreme Court unequivocally directed that the currency of a suspension order should not extend beyond three months if a memorandum of charges or a charge sheet is not served on the delinquent officer/employee within this timeframe. If a charge sheet is served, any extension of suspension beyond three months requires a reasoned order from the competent authority. The implication is clear: without a charge sheet or a reasoned extension within the three months, the suspension order lapses, and the employee must be reinstated.

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The Maharashtra Government Resolution (GR)

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The court also referred to a Government Resolution (GR) issued by the State on April 22, 2025. Clause 1(A)(i) of this GR explicitly states that if a departmental or judicial inquiry has not commenced against a suspended employee within three months from the date of suspension, the suspension cannot be continued. In such a scenario, the competent authority is mandated to reinstate the suspended employee. While the GR also mentions provisions for extending suspension periods, it specifies that any decision for extension must be taken within the initial three months and for a minimum period, not exceeding six months at one time. This GR aligns with the principles enshrined in the Maharashtra Civil Services (Discipline and Appeal) Rules, 1979.

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High Court Precedent in Kiran Ramesh Waghela v. Municipal Corporation of Greater Mumbai & Ors

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Further reinforcing these principles, the Division Bench of the Bombay High Court had previously considered the Ajay Kumar Choudhary judgment in Kiran Ramesh Waghela v. Municipal Corporation of Greater Mumbai & Ors (2021 SCC OnLine Bom 14127). This earlier High Court ruling held that any suspension order extending beyond three months without a charge sheet being filed cannot remain in operation. It emphasized that these safeguards protect human dignity and the right to a speedy trial, ensuring that governmental interests are also preserved through timely action.

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For legal professionals tracking such developments, CaseOn.in offers invaluable tools, including 2-minute audio briefs that provide swift summaries of these critical rulings, ensuring practitioners stay updated without extensive reading.

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Applying the Law: Analysis of the Gokhale Institute's Actions

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Failure to Meet Timelines

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In the present case, it was undisputed that no charge sheet had been issued or served on Dr. Kajale and Dr. Vankhade within the crucial three-month period following their suspension on October 17, 2025. This period lapsed on January 17, 2026. The charge sheets were only issued and served much later, on April 16, 2026.

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Unsatisfactory Justification for Delay

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The respondents, Gokhale Institute, attributed the delay in serving the charge sheets to their internal decision-making process involving the Executive Council. They stated that the Council had met on October 10, 2025, to recommend disciplinary action and suspension, but the next meeting where further deliberation and approval for the charge sheet occurred was only on March 20, 2026. The court found this explanation to be "unsatisfactory." Crucially, the reason for the delay was provided well beyond the three-month period, which, according to the Supreme Court's decision, is impermissible.

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The Lapse of Suspension Orders

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The High Court meticulously applied the principles from Ajay Kumar Choudhary and the relevant GR. It noted that the GR allowing for extension "pre-supposes that a decision for extension of the suspension is taken within the three months from the date of suspension." Since no such decision for extension was taken or communicated within the initial three months, and no charge sheet was served, the court concluded that the suspension orders could not legally extend beyond this period. The currency of the suspension orders had effectively ceased.

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The Court's Conclusive Ruling

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Setting Aside the Suspension Orders

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The Bombay High Court, after careful consideration of the submissions and established legal precedents, allowed the writ petitions. Consequently, it quashed and set aside the impugned suspension orders dated October 17, 2025.

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Mandating Reinstatement

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The Gokhale Institute was expressly directed to reinstate Dr. Dilip Kajale and Dr. Prakash Vankhade to their respective positions that they occupied prior to the issuance of the now-quashed suspension orders.

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Continuation of Inquiry

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While ordering reinstatement, the court made it clear that the inquiry proceedings, which had been ordered to continue by the Chancellor on June 4, 2026, would proceed. These proceedings are to be conducted according to the prescribed procedure and applicable rules, ensuring that the inquiry committee acts independently and provides all concerned parties with a due opportunity to present their case, in conformity with the principles of natural justice.

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Key Takeaways from the Judgment

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Why This Judgment is Essential Reading for Lawyers and Students

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  • Clarity on Suspension Durations: This judgment unequivocally reaffirms the strict three-month limit for the validity of a suspension order when a charge sheet has not been served or a reasoned extension order has not been passed. This is vital for protecting employee rights against arbitrary, prolonged suspensions that can severely impact their livelihood and reputation.
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  • Due Process and Natural Justice: The ruling underscores the paramount importance of adhering to procedural timelines in disciplinary actions. It highlights that internal administrative delays, even those involving high-level institutional bodies like the Executive Council, are not valid excuses for violating established legal norms and the principles of natural justice.
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  • Application of Supreme Court Precedent: The judgment serves as an excellent illustration of how lower courts apply and uphold binding Supreme Court judgments, specifically Ajay Kumar Choudhary. This ensures consistency in legal interpretation across various jurisdictions and reinforces the authority of higher judicial pronouncements.
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  • Government Resolutions as Binding Law: It demonstrates how Government Resolutions (GRs) integrate with broader legal frameworks (like the Maharashtra Civil Services Rules) to govern public and quasi-public employment conditions, emphasizing that these resolutions also carry legal weight and define operational boundaries for authorities.
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  • Balancing Employee Rights and Institutional Needs: While the court ensures that employees are not unduly penalized through prolonged, unjustified suspension, it also explicitly allows the inquiry proceedings to continue. This strikes a crucial balance between an institution's legitimate right to investigate alleged misconduct and an employee's fundamental right to livelihood, dignity, and a speedy resolution of disciplinary matters.
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Disclaimer

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All information provided in this article is for informational purposes only and does not constitute legal advice. Readers should consult with a qualified legal professional for advice pertaining to their specific circumstances.

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