●The central issue pertains to complaints filed under Section 138 of the Negotiable Instruments Act, 1881, which deals with the dishonor of cheques due to insufficient funds or other reasons. ... Dishonoring cheques is a criminal offense in India, and Section 138 provides penalties including fines and imprisonment. Given the large number of complaints arising from dishonored cheques, the burden on the judicial system has increased, leading to delays and inefficiencies in resolving these cases.