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0  03 Mar, 2020
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K. Virupaksha & Anr. Vs. The State of Karnataka & Anr.

  Supreme Court Of India Criminal Appeal /377/2020
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Case Background

☐The petitioners had previously filed a petition in the Karnataka High Court challenging the registration of an FIR against them for alleged corruption. This petition was dismissed by the High ...

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Document Text Version

              REPORTABLE

   IN THE SUPREME COURT OF INDIA

   CRIMINAL APPELLATE JURISDICTION

   CRIMINAL APPEAL NO.     377      OF 2020

   (Arising out of SLP (Criminal) No.5701 of 2019)

K. Virupaksha & Anr.                 .…Appellant(s)

Versus

The State of Karnataka & Anr.             ….  Respondent(s)

J U D G M E N T

A.S. Bopanna,J.

        

       Leave granted.     

2.  The appellants herein were the petitioners in Criminal

Petition No.100323/2018 which was dismissed by the

High Court of Karnataka, Dharwad Bench through the

order dated 21.01.2019. The said order was passed by

the High Court while considering the petition filed by the

Page 1 of 27

appellants   herein   under   Section   482   of   the   Cr.P.C.

seeking that the order dated 20.05.2016 passed by the

Principal   Civil   Judge   &   JMFC   in   PC   No.   389/2016

referring the matter for investigation and consequential

registration   of   FIR   in   Crime   No.   152/2016   by   the

Hubballi   Sub­Urban   Police   Station   for   the   alleged

offences punishable under Sections 511, 109, 34, 120­B,

406, 409, 420, 405, 417 and 426 of IPC be quashed. In

the said proceedings the appellants herein are arrayed as

Accused   Nos.   9   and   11   respectively.   The   appellants

herein were at the relevant point in time working as the

Deputy General Managers in the Canara Bank (Accused

No.1), Circle Office at Hubbali, Karnataka. 

3. The brief facts leading to the present situation is

that the respondent No.2 herein (hereinafter referred to

as the ‘Complainant’) had approached the Canara Bank

at   Hubballi   pursuant   to   which   credit   facilities   were

sanctioned   on   16.03.2009.   The   total   credit   facility

sanctioned   amounted   to   Rs.2.68   crores.   The   property

bearing Survey No. 213/2002 situated at Anchatageri

Page 2 of 27

Village, Hubballi measuring 3 acres 2 Guntas was offered

as security for the said loan and a charge was created.

The   said   property   is   hereinafter   referred   to   as   the

‘Secured Asset’. As per the case of Canara Bank, the

Complainant had not repaid the loan amount and in that

view   having   committed   default,   the   account   of   the

Complainant   was   classified   as   ‘Non­Performing   Asset’

(‘NPA’ for short) on 15.01.2013. The Canara Bank thus

having invoked the power under Section 13(2) of The

Securitisation   and   Reconstruction   of   Financial   Assets

and   Enforcement   of   Securities   Interest Act,   2002

(‘SARFAESI Act’ for short) had issued appropriate notices

and ultimately the possession of the secured asset as

contemplated under Section 14 of the SARFAESI Act was

taken on 22.03.2013. The secured asset was thereafter

evaluated and was brought to auction through the public

notice dated 13.10.2013 indicating the date of auction as

15.11.2013. The reserve price of the secured asset was

fixed at Rs.2,28,51,000/­. Though publication was made,

no   bids   were   received   in   the   auction   proposed   on

Page 3 of 27

15.11.2013 and since the same was a public holiday

declared   in   the   State   of   Karnataka   the   auction   was

postponed to 04.12.2013. Even on the said date no bids

were received.  

4. Accordingly,   the   Canara   Bank   had   revised   the

valuation, indicating the reserve price as Rs.1.10 Crore

since the earlier reserve price at a higher rate had not

attracted purchasers and issued the fresh auction notice

dated   30.12.2013.   The   Complainant   claiming   to   be

aggrieved by such action, assailed the auction notice in a

Writ Petition filed before the High Court of Karnataka,

Dharwad Bench in Writ Petition No. 100382/2014. The

learned Single Judge having considered the matter, apart

from taking note of the contentions put forth by the

Complainant   had   also   taken   into   consideration   the

alternate remedy available to the Complainant under the

SARFAESI   Act   and   accordingly   dismissed   the   writ

petition with cost of Rs.10,000/­, on 22.01.2014. The

Complainant   assailed   the   said   order   by   filing   a   Writ

Appeal   before   the   Division   Bench   in   WA   No.

Page 4 of 27

100349/2014.   The   Division   Bench   through   the   order

dated   19.08.2014   dismissed   the   Writ   Appeal.   The

Complainant thereafter availed the remedy under Section

17(1) of the SARFAESI Act by filing an application in IR

No.3044/2014   (SA)   and   also   accompanying   the   same

with   an application   under Section 5 of the Limitation

Act bearing IA No. 4482/2014. The application seeking

condonation   of   delay   and   consequently   the   main

application   were   dismissed   by   the   Debts   Recovery

Tribunal   (‘DRT’   for   short)   through   its   order   dated

12.06.2015. Pursuant thereto the Complainant is stated

to   have   filed   an   Appeal   before   the   Debts   Recovery

Appellate Tribunal, Chennai (‘DRAT’ for short) which is

also stated to be dismissed.

5. It is in the said backdrop the Complainant filed the

complaint under Section 200 of the Cr.P.C in the Court of

the   Principal   Civil   Judge   (Junior   Division)   &   JMFC,

Hubballi in P.C. No.389/2016 alleging that the Officers of

the   Canara   Bank   in   connivance   with   the   auction

purchaser had caused wrongful loss to the Complainant.

Page 5 of 27

To the said complaint, apart from the Canara Bank, the

highly placed officials, the appellants herein, the valuers

and the auction purchaser were shown as the accused.

The said complaint being taken on record, the learned

Magistrate has referred the same for investigation under

Section 156(3) of Cr.P.C. and to submit a report. Based

on such direction the FIR No.0152/2016 is registered.

The appellants, therefore, claiming to be aggrieved had

preferred   the   Criminal   Petition   under   Section   482   of

Cr.P.C in Criminal Petition No.100323/2018, which was

dismissed by the High Court through the order dated

21.01.2019 which is assailed herein. 

6. Heard Mr. Brijesh Kumar Tamber, learned counsel

appearing  for  the  appellants,  Ms.  Kiran Suri,  learned

senior counsel for the  Complainant,  Mr. Shubhanshu

Padhi, learned counsel for the State of Karnataka and

perused the appeal papers.  

7. The   learned   counsel   for   the   appellants   would

contend that apart from the appellants having no role in

the transaction between the Complainant and the Canara

Page 6 of 27

Bank, being the Deputy General Managers and working

at the Circle Office, even otherwise cannot be held liable

to face a criminal action of the present  nature. It is

contended   that   the   loan  transaction  and  the   account

being treated as NPA due to the non­repayment of loan

cannot   be   disputed.   In   that   circumstance   the   entire

action taken, upto the stage of the sale of the property is

as regulated under the provisions of the SARFAESI Act

which provides not only for the procedure but also for

redressal of the grievance of the parties concerned. In

that circumstance even if the grievance as sought to be

made out by the Complainant are taken note, the same

cannot   form   the   basis   for   maintaining   the   criminal

complaint   and   in   such   event   the   learned   Magistrate

without application of mind has directed investigation

under Section 156(3) of Cr.P.C. which has led to the

registration of the FIR. It is contended that in respect of

the action taken by the Canara Bank, the complainant in

fact has availed the remedy of filing the Writ Petition,

Writ Appeal and thereafter the proceedings before the

Page 7 of 27

DRT as also DRAT and having failed therein has set

criminal law into motion which is not bonafide and not

sustainable in law. It is contended that the learned Judge

of the High Court of Karnataka has not appreciated the

matter in its correct perspective. Instead, the learned

Judge has arrived at the conclusion that the investigation

would not prejudice the appellants, which is not justified.

It   is   contended   that   when   action   is   taken   against   a

defaulter, if the instant action is permitted, it would not

be possible to discharge the official functions and as such

the  instant  case  is  a  fit  case  where  interference  was

required but the High Court has failed to appreciate this

aspect of the matter. Further, it is also pointed out that

the   learned   Judge   was   not   justified   in   rejecting   the

petition filed by the appellants merely because the other

petitions filed in Criminal Petition No.101258/2016 and

Criminal Petition No.101162/2016 filed by  certain other

accused had been dismissed and a direction was issued

to the police to file the final report. 

Page 8 of 27

8. The learned senior counsel for the Complainant

would on the other hand rely on the identical criminal

petitions which had been dismissed by the High Court

insofar as Accused Nos.1 and 12 are concerned. It is

contended that though the loan of Rs.2.68 Crores was

sanctioned, only a sum of Rs.90 lakhs was disbursed and

the remaining amount was adjusted as repayment. It is

further   contended   that   the   secured   asset   which   was

worth   more   than   Rs.4   Crores   was   undervalued   and

ultimately sold for Rs.1.10 Crores in connivance with the

auction purchaser who is arrayed as Accused No.15. It is

further   contended   that   the   under   valuation   of   the

mortgage property is not the only issue but the issue with

regard to the non­disbursement of the entire loan and the

non­consideration   of   the   three   offers   made   by   the

Complainant for One Time Settlement (‘OTS’ for short)

are all aspects which are to be investigated upon. It is

contended that in such circumstance the investigation as

ordered by the learned Magistrate was justified and the

High Court has appropriately refrained from interfering in

Page 9 of 27

the matter at this stage. It is, therefore, contended that

the contention as urged in the instant appeal by the

appellants does not merit consideration and the appeal is

liable to be rejected. The learned counsel for the State of

Karnataka   would   contend   that   pursuant   to   direction

issued   by   the   learned   Magistrate   the   FIR   had   been

registered   and   the   investigation   is   in   progress   and

therefore, the same be permitted to be taken to its logical

conclusion.  

9. Before adverting to the rival contentions urged on

behalf of the parties we have kept in perspective the

decision of this Court in the case of State of Haryana

vs. Bhajan  Lal  (1992)  Supp  (1)  SCC 335  placed  for

consideration   by   the   learned   senior   counsel   for   the

Complainant which lays down the parameters that are to

be   kept   in   view   while   exercising   the   extraordinary

power/inherent power to quash the criminal proceeding.

On stating the parameters, this Court has cautioned that

the power of quashing a criminal proceeding should be

exercised very sparingly and  with circumspection and

Page 10 of 27

that too in rare cases. In that background, keeping in

view the nature of transaction and the manner in which

the earlier proceedings were resorted to on the same

subject matter, the present situation is required to be

considered. 

10.As   noted,   the   undisputed   fact   is   that   the

Complainant   had   approached   the   Canara   Bank   for

financial assistance, wherein the appellants herein were

the Officers in the Circle Office.   The Complainant had

availed the loan facility to the tune of Rs.2.68 Crores on

16.03.2009. Though the Complainant contends that the

entire amount of Rs.2.68 Crores was not released, but

only     a   sum   of   Rs.90   lakh   was   released   and   the

remaining   amount   was   adjusted   as   repayment,   the

question would be as to whether that aspect and the

other   aspects     as   raised   with   regard   to   the   non­

consideration of the OTS as also the value for which the

property was sold and the manner in which it was sold

could be investigated into by the police merely because

allegations are made and certain sections of the Indian

Page 11 of 27

Penal Code are invoked when the action is resorted to

and regulated under SARFAESI Act.  While taking note of

the sequence of events it is noticed that the secured asset

though sold in the auction conducted on 31.01.2014 and

the grievances as sought to be put forth at this point in

the criminal complaint was available at that juncture, it

is not as if the complaint was immediately filed. On the

other hand, when the auction notice dated 13.10.2013

was   issued,   no   grievance   was   made   out   by   the

Complainant before any judicial forum. However, the sale

did not take place for want of purchasers and a fresh

auction notice dated 30.12.2013 was issued indicating

the reserve price at Rs.1.10 Crores. 

11.At   that   stage   the   Complainant   approached   the

High   Court   of   Karnataka,   Dharwad   Bench   in   a   Writ

Petition   filed   under   Articles   226   and   227   of   the

Constitution   of   India   in   W.P.   No.100382/2014.   The

auction notice dated 30.12.2013 was impugned therein.

The allegation which is now sought to be put forth in the

complaint filed under Section 200 of the Cr.PC wherein

Page 12 of 27

the   appellants   herein   along   with   others   have   been

accused of with regard to the under valuation of the

secured assets was the very contention which was urged

in the said Writ Petition.  The learned Single Judge in the

said Writ Petition had taken note of the contention that

the reserve price in respect of the secured assets was

fixed   at   Rs.228.51   Lakhs   initially,   thereafter   in   the

subsequent auction conducted the same was fixed at

Rs.1.10   Crores   and   has   thereafter   concluded   as

hereunder:

“Undisputedly, petitioner is the debtor and

has   suffered   an   order   passed   by

jurisdictional   Debt   Recovery   Tribunal.   The

Debt   Recovery   Tribunal,   Bangalore   has

issued   recovery   certificate   in   favour   of

respondent­Bank   to   recover   the   said

amount. Property mortgaged to respondent­

Bank by the petitioner has been brought for

sale by auction. In the event of Bank not

adhering to provisions of SARFAESI Act in

conducting   the   sale   or   there   being   any

infraction in this regard, petitioner has an

alternate remedy available under SARFAESI

Act.  Hence,  at  the  stage  of  auction  being

conducted by respondent­Bank for recovery

of its legitimate dues, this Court would not

interfere   with   said   auction   in   the   normal

course.” 

Page 13 of 27

“In   the   instant   case,   reserve   price

earlier   fixed   at   Rs.228.51   lakhs   has   not

fetched customers and as such, respondent­

Bank has fixed the reserve price at Rs.110

lakhs which would be the price with which

the   public   auction   starts   and   auction

bidders are not permitted to give bids below

the   floor   value   or   reserve   price.  If   the

petitioner is able to secure a customer or a

bidder who can offer his bid for the value as

proposed by the petitioner itself, it would be

needless to state that secured creditor would

definitely accept the said bid since earlier

attempts by it to auction the property has

been in vain.” 

“In the instant case, as already noticed

hereinabove, petitioner is a borrower and it

had defaulted in payment of monies due to

the Bank. In other words, public money due

by   petitioner   to   the   Bank   has   not   been

repaid. Petitioner loan account having been

classified   as   a   ‘non­performing   asset’,

respondent­Bank   has   initiated   proceedings

under the SARFAESI Act to recover the dues.

In   the   earlier   auctions   conducted,   reserve

price fixed was Rs.228.51 lakhs i.e., in the

auction which was to be held on 15.11.2013

and   04.12.2013.   However,   in   the   paper

publication   that   has   been   issued   on

30.12.2013   Annexure­C   in   the   auction

proposed to be held on 31.01.2014 at 3.30

p.m. (E­auction), reserve price has been fixed

at   Rs.110   lakhs.   The   grievance   of   the

petitioner  is  that   value   of  the   property  is

more   than   Rs.405.21   lakhs   and   as   such,

property in question cannot be sold for a

pittance.  If   value   of   the   property   as

contended by petitioner is Rs.405.21 lakhs,

Page 14 of 27

nothing prevents the petitioner from getting

a   purchaser   or   a   bidder   to   purchase   the

property for the said value and clear off the

debts due by it to the respondent which even

according to petitioner is around Rs.285.71

lakhs as on 31.01.2014 (which was Rs.261

lakhs as on 11.10.2013). However, without

taking said recourse, petitioner is attempting

to stall the auction proceedings which is not

permissible   inasmuch   as   the   respondent­

Bank being a nationalised Bank which is the

custodian of public money is taking steps to

recover its dues by auctioning the property

through   e­auction   and   the   action   of

respondent­Bank   cannot   be   flawed.

Respondent­Bank   has   adopted   one   of   the

courses suggested by the Hon’ble Apex Court

in United India Assurance case referred to

supra   namely   “Public   Auction”   by   which

process there would be larger participation.

If at all the auction is to be set­aside for any

reason   whatsoever,   petitioner   can   take

recourse   to   the   remedy   available   under

SARFAESI Act and get the sale set aside.

However, petitioner cannot be permitted to

stall the  auction  itself  under  extraordinary

jurisdiction of this Court.”

(emphasis supplied)

12.While   arriving   at   such   conclusion   the   learned

Single   Judge   had   kept   in   view   the   provisions   as

contained in the SARFAESI Act, as also the decisions of

this Court, more particularly in the case of United Bank

Page 15 of 27

of India vs. Satyawati Tondon & Ors.   (2009) 1 SCC

168.  In that view though the learned Single Judge did

not   accept   the   contentions   as   put   forth   had   also

indicated that if at all the auction is to be set aside for

any reason whatsoever, the Complainant who was the

petitioner therein can take recourse to the remedy under

SARFAESI Act and get the sale set aside.  In that view the

learned   Single   Judge   was   of   the   opinion   that   the

Complainant cannot be permitted to stall the auction

itself through the prayer made in the Writ Petition.  The

Complainant had assailed the said order in an intra­

court   appeal   bearing   W.A.   No.100349/2014.     The

Division Bench by its order dated 19.08.2014 had taken

note of the consideration made by the learned Single

Judge with reference to the case of Satyawati Tondon

& Ors. (Supra) and had accordingly dismissed the Writ

Appeal.

13.Having taken note of the nature of consideration

made by the High Court in the said writ proceedings and

keeping in view the proceedings on hand, in order to

Page 16 of 27

come to a conclusion as to whether in a matter of the

present nature the appellants should be exposed to the

ignominy   of   going   through   the   process   of   criminal

proceedings, it is also appropriate to take note of the

provisions as contained in the SARFAESI Act.  The fact

that the issue relates to the exercise of remedy relating to

a secured asset as defined under the Act cannot be in

dispute.   The fact that the account of the Complainant

was classified as NPA is also the admitted position.  In

that regard when a right accrues to the secured creditor

to   enforce   the   security   interest,   the   procedure   as

contemplated under Sections 13 and 14 of the SARFAESI

Act is to be resorted to.   Further the Security Interest

(Enforcement) Rules, 2002 provides the procedure to be

adopted with regard to the valuation and sale of the

secured asset.   If the Complainant, as a borrower had

any grievance with regard to any of the measures taken

by the secured creditor invoking the provisions of Section

13 of the SARFAESI Act, the remedy as provided under

Section 17 of the SARFAESI Act was to be availed.  It is in

Page 17 of 27

that light the High Court in the writ proceedings had

arrived at such conclusion.   At that point in time the

Complainant availed the remedy under the Act by filing

the application under Section 17 in I.R. No.3044/2014.

Since there was delay in filing, an application in I.A.

No.4482/2015 was filed under Section 5 of the Limitation

Act seeking condonation of delay.  The same was rejected

on the ground of delay against which an appeal is said to

have been filed before the  DRAT and it was pending

though it is now stated to be dismissed.   It is at that

stage when it was still pending the impugned complaint

in P.C. No.389/2016 was filed, wherein through the order

dated 20.05.2016 it had been referred to an investigation

under Section 156 (3) of the Cr.PC.  

14.The learned senior counsel for the Complainant no

doubt referred to the Criminal Petition No.101162/2016

and   Criminal   Petition   No.101258/2016   filed   by   the

Accused Nos.1 and 12 being dismissed by the High Court

and the same not being carried further and attaining

finality.  Though that be the position, in the instant case

Page 18 of 27

the   appellants   are   before   this   Court   to   exercise   the

remedy available and as such the dismissal of the said

petitions cannot prejudice their case when this Court is

required to take a view on the matter though it has not

been availed in the earlier cases.   Further the learned

senior counsel has also referred to the statements of two

former   Officers   of   the   Canara   Bank,   namely,

Gurupadayya and Bapu which was recorded during the

course of the investigation and a reference was made by

the   learned   senior   counsel   to   the   detailed   report

regarding investigation wherein the Investigating Officer,

namely, the Assistant Police Sub­Inspector, Sub­Urban

Police Station, Hubballi had concluded that as per the

investigation it is found that all the accused persons with

conspiracy and in collusion with each other have cheated

the Complainant by releasing only Rs.90 Lakhs out of the

sanctioned amount of Rs.2.68 Crores and by later not

releasing the remaining amount had caused economic

stumbling block and sold the property mortgaged to one

of the accused.  

Page 19 of 27

15.The   issue   however   is,   as   to   whether   such

proceedings   by   the   police   in   the   present   facts   and

circumstances could be permitted.   At the outset the

sanction of loan, creation of mortgage and the manner in

which the sanctioned loan was to be released are all

contractual   matters   between   the   parties.     The

Complainant is an industrialist who had obtained the

loan in the name of his company and the loan account

was maintained by the Canara Bank in that regard.  The

loan admittedly was sanctioned on 16.03.2009. When at

that stage the amount was released and if any amount

was   withheld,   the   Complainant   was   required   to   take

appropriate action at that point in time and avail his

remedy.     On   the   other   hand,   the   Complainant   had

proceeded   with   the   transaction,   maintained   the   loan

account   until   the   account   was   classified   as   NPA   on

15.01.2013.     Initially   the   issue   raised   was   only   with

regard to the under valuation of the property when it was

brought to sale.  On that aspect, as taken note the writ

proceedings   were   filed   and   the   learned   Single   Judge

Page 20 of 27

having examined, though did not find merit had reserved

liberty to raise it before the DRT, which option is also

availed.  It is only thereafter the impugned complaint was

filed on 20.05.2016. 

16.  The SARFAESI Act is a complete code in itself

which   provides   the   procedure   to   be   followed   by   the

secured creditor and also the remedy to the aggrieved

parties including the borrower.  In such circumstance as

already taken note by the High Court in writ proceedings

if there is any discrepancy in the manner of classifying

the account of the appellants as NPA or in the manner in

which the property was valued or was auctioned, the DRT

is vested with the power to set aside such auction at the

stage after the secured creditor invokes the power under

Section 13 of SARFAESI Act.  This view is fortified by the

decision of this Court in the case of Authorised Officer,

Indian Overseas Bank & Anr. vs. Ashok Saw Mill

(2009) 8 SCC 366 wherein it is held as hereunder:

Page 21 of 27

“34. The provisions of Section 13 enable

the secured creditors, such as banks and

financial   institutions,   not   only   to   take

possession   of   the   secured   assets   of   the

borrower,   but   also   to   take   over   the

management   of   the   business   of   the

borrower, including the right to transfer by

way   of   lease,   assignment   or   sale   for

realising   secured   assets,   subject   to   the

conditions indicated in the two provisos to

clause (b) of sub­section (4) of Section 13.

35. In   order   to   prevent   misuse   of   such

wide powers and to prevent prejudice being

caused  to a  borrower on account  of  an

error on the part of the banks or financial

institutions, certain checks and balances

have been introduced in Section 17 which

allow any person, including the borrower,

aggrieved by any of the measures referred

to in sub­section (4) of Section 13 taken by

the   secured   creditor,   to   make   an

application to the DRT having jurisdiction

in the matter within 45 days from the date

of   such   measures   having   taken   for   the

reliefs indicated in sub­section (3) thereof.

36. The   intention   of   the   legislature   is,

therefore, clear that while the banks and

financial   institutions   have   been   vested

with stringent powers for recovery of their

dues, safeguards have also been provided

for rectifying any error or wrongful use of

such   powers   by   vesting   the   DRT   with

authority after conducting an adjudication

into the matter to declare any such action

invalid and also to restore possession even

Page 22 of 27

though possession may have been made

over to the transferee.

37. The   consequences   of   the   authority

vested in the DRT under sub­section (3) of

Section   17   necessarily   implies   that   the

DRT   is   entitled   to   question   the   action

taken   by   the   secured   creditor   and   the

transactions   entered   into   by   virtue   of

Section 13(4) of the Act. The legislature by

including sub­section (3) in Section 17 has

gone to the extent of vesting the DRT with

authority to even set aside a transaction

including sale and to restore possession to

the   borrower   in   appropriate   cases.

Resultantly, the submissions advanced by

Mr Gopalan and Mr Altaf Ahmed that the

DRT   has   no   jurisdiction   to   deal   with   a

post­Section   13(4)   situation,   cannot   be

accepted.”

(emphasis supplied)

17. We reiterate, the action taken by the Banks under

the SARFAESI Act is neither unquestionable nor treated

as sacrosanct under all circumstances but if there is

discrepancy in the manner the Bank has proceeded it will

always be open to assail it in the forum provided. Though

in   the   instant   case   the   application   filed   by   the

Complainant before the DRT has been dismissed and the

Appeal No.523/2015 filed before the DRAT is also stated

to be dismissed the appellants ought to have availed the

Page 23 of 27

remedy diligently. In that direction the further remedy by

approaching the High Court to assail the order of DRT

and DRAT is also available in appropriate cases.  Instead

the petitioner after dismissal of the application before the

DRT filed the impugned complaint which appears to be

an intimidatory tactic and an afterthought which is an

abuse of the process of law.   In the matter of present

nature if the grievance as put forth is taken note and if

the same is allowed to be agitated through a complaint

filed   at  this   point   in  time  and   if   the   investigation  is

allowed to continue it would amount to permitting the

jurisdictional police to redo the process which would be

in the nature of reviewing the order passed by the learned

Single   Judge   and   the   Division   Bench   in   the   writ

proceedings by the High Court and the orders passed by

the competent Court under the SARFAESI Act which is

neither desirable nor permissible and the banking system

cannot   be   allowed   to   be   held   to   ransom   by   such

intimidation.   Therefore, the present case is a fit case

Page 24 of 27

wherein   the   extraordinary   power   is   necessary   to   be

invoked and exercised.  

18. The   appellants   herein   had   also   referred   to   the

provision as contained in Section 32 of the SARFAESI Act

which provides for the immunity from prosecution since

protection is provided thereunder for the action taken in

good   faith.     The   learned   senior   counsel   for   the

Complainant has in that regard referred to the decision of

this Court in the case of General Officer Commanding,

Rashtriya Rifles vs. Central Bureau of Investigation

& Anr.  (2012) 6 SCC 228 to contend that the defence

relating to good faith and public good are questions of

fact and they are required to be proved by adducing

evidence.     Though   on   the   proposition   of   law   as

enunciated therein there could be no cavil, that aspect of

the matter is also an aspect which can be examined in

the proceedings provided under the SARFAESI Act. In a

circumstance where we have already indicated that a

criminal proceeding would not be sustainable in a matter

of the present nature, exposing the appellants even on

Page 25 of 27

that count to the proceedings before the  Investigating

Officer or the criminal court would not be justified.

19.In that view, for all the reasons stated above we

pass the following:

O R D E R

(i) The complaint bearing P.C. No.389/2016

and   the   order   dated   20.05.2016   passed

therein   as   also   the   FIR   No.0152/2016

insofar   as   the   appellants   herein   are

concerned stand quashed.

(ii)   Insofar   as   the   grievance   of   the

Complainant,   he   is   at   liberty   to   avail   his

remedies   in   accordance   with   law   if   he

chooses to assail the order dated 12.06.2015

passed in I.R. No.3044/2014 and the order

dated   31.05.2017   passed   in   Appeal

No.523/2015   by   the   DRT   and   DRAT

respectively in accordance with law.

Page 26 of 27

(iii) The appeal is accordingly allowed with no

order as to costs.

(iv)  Pending applications if any, shall also

stand disposed of.

………….…………….J.

(R. BANUMATHI)

          .……………………….J.

                                                (S. ABDUL NAZEER)

………….…………….J.

                                              (A.S. BOPANNA)

New Delhi,

March 03, 2020

Page 27 of 27

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