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M/S. Vaishno Enterprises Vs. Hamilton Medical Ag & Anr.

  Supreme Court Of India Civil Appeal /1892/2022
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Case Background

As per the case facts, the appellant, a consultancy firm, had issued notices from the Micro and Small Medium Enterprises Facilitation Council. The High Court quashed these notices, leading to ...

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IN THE SUPREME COURT OF INDIA

CIVIL APPELLATE JURISDICTION

CIVIL APPEAL NO.1892 OF 2022

M/s. Vaishno Enterprises         ..Appellant 

Versus

Hamilton Medical AG & Anr.      ..Respondents

J U D G M E N T

M. R. Shah, J.

1.Feeling aggrieved and dissatisfied with the impugned

judgment and order passed by the High Court for the State

of Telangana at Hyderabad in Writ Appeal No. 201 of 2021

by which the High Court has dismissed the said appeal and

has confirmed the order passed by the learned Single Judge

quashing the Intimation­cum­Notice dated 22.10.2020 and

Notices dated 04.11.2020 and 12.11.2020 issued  by Micro

and   Small   Medium   Enterprises   Facilitation   Council

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(hereinafter   referred   to   as   ‘the   Council’),   the   original

applicant has preferred the present appeal.

2.That   the   appellant   is   a   registered   partnership

consultant which provides consultancy services to foreign

medical   equipment   companies   in   the   form   of   liaisoning

services with hospitals and government departments and

entities   for   procurement   of   medical   equipment   like

ventilators.   That Respondent No.1 herein is a company

registered under the laws of Switzerland, having its office at

Bonaduz, Switzerland and is a manufacturer and supplier of

critical care ventilation solutions for a variety of patient

segments, applications and environments across the world.

According to the respondent, it has its own consultants,

engaged   in  India,   who   facilitate   the   installation   of   their

equipment and undertake related ancillary work.   That the

appellant   herein  which   provides   consultancy   services,

approached the respondent­Company and requested to be

associated with the Company in implementation of their

projects in India.  One HLL Infra–Tech Services Limited, a

Nodal Agency of the Government of India, floated a tender

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dated   20.08.2018   to   purchase/procure   1186   high   end

ventilators and other medical equipment to be supplied to

various   hospitals/medical   colleges/departments   across

India.  The respondent also participated in the said tender

by offering its bid through its authorized local agent, M/s

Medelec Health Care Solutions.  The tender was awarded in

favour of the said Medelec Solutions. That thereafter the

appellant   and  the  respondent  entered into  a  Consulting

Agreement   on   10.02.2020,   with  a  restricted   term   of   six

months, agreeing that the appellant herein shall act as a

consultant for the respondent – Company.  That thereafter

the   appellant   raised   various   invoices   claiming   certain

amounts. The same were alleged to have been paid by the

respondent. That the earlier Consulting Agreement dated

10.02.2020 expired on 10.08.2020, the appellant and the

respondent entered into a fresh Consulting Agreement on

24.08.2020 for a period of six months. That the appellant

herein got registered under the Micro, Small and Medium

Enterprises Act, 2006 (hereinafter referred to as, 'MSME

Act') on 28.08.2020.     That thereafter the dispute arose

between the parties.  A legal notice dated 09.09.2020 was

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sent by the appellant calling upon the respondent to pay the

amounts covered by Invoice No. 5 dated 22.06.2020 and

Invoice No. 6 dated 07.09.2020 and one another along with

damages of Rs.50 lakhs.  In the said notice, the appellants

informed that it was registered under the MSME Act.  The

respondent   terminated   the   Consulting   Agreement   dated

24.08.2020 vide termination letter dated 22.10.2020. That

the appellant herein replied to the termination notice vide

reply dated 16.11.2020.  That as the dispute arose between

the parties, the appellant herein approached the Council on

22.10.2020   which   case   was   registered   as   Reference

No.1581/MSEFC/2020.     The   appellant   prayed   for   the

following reliefs:

(a) That the opposite party is liable to pay the petitioner a

sum   of   USD   711,845/­   equivalent   to   Rs.5,21,85,357/­

towards Invoice No.5 dated 22.6.2020, 

(b) that the Opposite Party is liable to pay the Petitioner a

sum   of   USD   104,205/­   equivalent   to   Rs.   76,26,073/­

towards Invoice No.6 dated 7.9.2020, 

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(c) That the termination letter dated 2.10.2020 issued by the

Opposite Party is illegal, void and contrary to the terms of

the Consulting Agreement dated 24.5.2020.

(d) that the Opposite party is liable to pay the Petitioner a

sum   of   USD   304,964/­   equivalent   to   Rs.2,23,56,910/­

towards   the   Proforma   invoice   dated   21.10.2020   towards

balance   25%   commission   payable   in   respect   of   1158

ventilators   pursuant   to   the   Consulting   Agreement   dated

24.8.2020, 

(e) that the Opposite party is liable to pay the petitioner

interest   as   per   Section   16   of  the   MSMED  Act  2006   as

enumerated   in   Form­I   of   this   Application   till   date   of

payment.”

3.On 22.10.2020 itself an intimation was sent by the

Council to the respondent.   That on receipt of the said

notice, the respondent addressed a letter to the Chairman of

the Council and contended that they are a company that is

based in Switzerland and therefore MSME Act shall not be

applicable to companies located outside country.   It was

also stated that the respondent has no office in India more

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particularly   in   New   Delhi   as   mentioned   in   the

complaint/notice.  On 04.11.2020 the Council sent Form 2

notice calling for statement of defence to the Respondent

herein.  One another notice dated 12.11.2020 was sent by

the Council.  Thereafter a notice for a conciliation meeting

dated 23.11.2020 was served upon the respondent and the

meeting   was   scheduled   on   28.11.2020.     Thereafter   the

respondent filed Writ Petition No. 21623 of 2020 before the

High   Court   challenging   the   legality   and   validity   of   the

aforesaid notices. By judgment and order dated 20.04.2021,

the learned Single Judge allowed the said writ petition and

set aside the notices issued by the Council by observing

that the Council has no jurisdiction to resolve the dispute

between the parties.  That the appellant herein challenged

the judgment and order passed by the learned Single Judge

in Writ Appeal No. 201 of 2020 before the Division Bench.

By the impugned judgment and order the Division Bench of

the High Court has dismissed the said appeal and has

confirmed the judgment and order passed by the learned

Single judge.  The impugned judgment and order passed by

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the Division Bench is the subject matter of the present

appeal.

4.Learned Counsel appearing on behalf of the appellant

has   vehemently   submitted   that   in   the   facts   and

circumstances of the case, both, the learned Single Judge

as well as the Division Bench of the High Court have erred

in holding that the Council has no jurisdiction to entertain

the dispute between the appellant and the respondent.

4.1It is submitted that, both, the learned Single Judge as

well as the Division Bench have erred in holding that in the

present   case   as   the   supplier   was   outside   the   territorial

jurisdiction of India, considering Section 18 of the MSME

Act, the Council has no jurisdiction to entertain a dispute

between the supplier located outside the jurisdiction. It is

submitted   that   as   such   the   initial   agreement   dated

10.02.2020 between the parties was executed at Delhi, the

second Agreement dated 24.08.2020 was also executed in

New Delhi and the services were rendered by the appellant

in   India   and   even   the   respondent   was   conducting   its

business in India through its registered service centres at

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New   Delhi,   Mumbai,   Kolkata,   Bangalore   and   it   had

appointed a power of attorney holder/Special Agent who is

based in Delhi, to act on his behalf, and therefore the cause

of action can be said to have arisen in India and no part of

cause of action has arisen in Switzerland, the Council is

vested with the jurisdiction to entertain the claim petition

filed by the appellant.   It is submitted that therefore the

appellant   rightly   approached   the   Council   to   resolve   the

dispute under the MSME Act and the Council assumed the

jurisdiction vested under Section 18 of the MSME Act.

4.2It is further submitted by learned counsel appearing

on behalf of the appellant that even otherwise considering

the objects and purpose of the Act as the MSME Act being a

beneficial   legislation   enacted   for   facilitating   promotion,

development   for   enhancement   of   the   competitiveness   of

micro, small and medium enterprises and for resolving the

incidental and ancillary matters related thereto, the High

Court ought not to have entertained into the writ petitions

against the notice issued by the Council and ought to have

relegated the Respondent No.1 – original writ petitioner to

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appear before the Council for conciliation and thereafter on

failure   for   arbitration   and   the   issue   with   respect   to

jurisdiction ought to have been left to the Arbitrator.

5.Shri Shyam Divan, learned Senior Advocate appearing

on behalf of the respondent has supported the judgment

and order passed by the learned Single Judge as well as

that of the Division Bench holding that with respect to the

dispute between the appellant and the Respondent No.1 the

Council has no jurisdiction under Section 18 of the MSME

Act.

5.1Shri Divan, learned Senior Advocate has taken us to

the various definitions under Section 2 of the MSME Act

more particularly the definition of “buyer” and “suppliers”.

He has also taken us to Section 18 of the MSME Act.

5.2Relying upon the above provisions it is vehemently

submitted by Shri Divan, learned Senior Advocate appearing

on behalf of Respondent No.1 that in the present case the

Respondent   No.1   –   buyer   is   having   registered   office   in

Switzerland.   It is submitted that even the address of the

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Respondent No.1 mentioned in both the Agreements dated

10.02.2020   and   24.08.2020   is   also   Switzerland.     It   is

submitted   that   therefore   it   is   rightly   held   that   as   the

Respondent No.1 – buyer being located outside India, the

Council would have no jurisdiction to entertain the dispute

between the appellant and the Respondent No.1.

5.3It is further submitted by Shri Divan, learned Senior

Advocate   for   Respondent   No.1   that   even   otherwise

considering   the   relevant   provisions   of   the   Arbitration

Agreement   the   parties   to   the   Agreement   shall   not   be

governed by the MSME Act.   It is submitted that in the

present case the date of contract was 24.08.2020.   The

appellant herein is registered as MSME on 28.08.2020 i.e.

after the execution of the contract on 24.08.2020.   It is

submitted that as per the Arbitration Agreement the parties

shall be governed by the law applicable in India which shall

be the law prevailing at the time of the execution of the

contract.    It is  submitted that   for  that  reason  also the

parties   shall   not   be   governed   by   the   MSME   Act   and

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therefore the Council would have no jurisdiction to entertain

the dispute between the appellant and the Respondent No.1.

6.In rejoinder learned counsel appearing on behalf of the

appellant   has   submitted   that   as   the   dispute   arose

subsequently i.e. subsequent to 28.08.2020 and therefore at

the  time when the dispute  arose the appellant  was the

registered MSME and therefore, for the dispute between the

appellant and the respondent which has arisen subsequent

to 28.08.2020, the Council would have jurisdiction. 

7.Heard learned counsel  for the  respective  parties at

length.

8.The short question which is posed for consideration

before this Court is the jurisdiction of the Council under the

MSME Act with respect to the dispute between the appellant

and the respondent.

8.1It was the case on behalf of Respondent No.1 – Buyer

that as the Respondent No.1 ­ buyer is located outside India

and is having its registered office at Switzerland the Council

would have no jurisdiction to enter into the dispute between

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the appellant and the respondent.  On the other hand, it is

the case on behalf of the appellant that the agreements were

executed between the parties at Delhi and the services were

rendered by the appellant in India and even the Respondent

No.1 is conducting its business in India through registered

service centres at New Delhi, Mumbai, Kolkata, Bangalore

and  it had appointed a power of attorney/special agent

which   is   based   in   Delhi,   and   after   having   availed   the

services rendered by the appellant and doing business in

India, thereafter it will not be open for Respondent No.1 to

contend   that   with   respect   to   the   dispute   between   the

appellant and the respondent, the Council would have no

jurisdiction   under   the   MSME   Act.     However,   while

considering the main issue whether the parties shall be

governed by the MSME Act or not, the relevant clause under

the Agreement is required to be considered which reads as

under:

“9. CHOICE OF LAW 

This   Agreement   and   the   rights   of   the

parties hereunder shall be governed by and

construed   in   accordance   with   the   laws   of

India.   The   parties   agree   to   resolve   their

differences, disputes, if any, mutually, within

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30 days of the initiation of the dispute which

can be extended by the mutual consent of the

parties, if necessary. In the event the parties

are not able to resolve the differences by way

of the said mutual dialogues, they are at a

liberty to initiate appropriate actions as per

law.”

8.2It   is   not   in   dispute   that   the   contract/agreement

between   the   appellant   and   the   respondent   has   been

executed   on   24.08.2020.     Therefore,   the   laws   of   India

applicable   at   the   time   of   contract/agreement   shall   be

applicable and therefore the parties shall be governed by the

laws of India prevailing/applicable at the time when the

contract was executed.  It is admitted position that the date

on   which   a   contract/agreement   was   executed   i.e.   on

24.08.2020   the   appellant   was   not   registered   MSME.

Considering the relevant provisions of the MSME Act more

particularly Section 2(n) read with Section 8 of the MSME

Act, the provisions of the MSME Act shall be applicable in

case of supplier who has filed a memorandum with the

authority   referred   to   in   sub­section   (1)   of   Section   8.

Therefore, the supplier has to be a micro or small enterprise

registered as MSME, registered with any of the authority

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mentioned in sub­section (1) of Section 8 and Section 2(n) of

the MSME Act.  It is admitted position that in the present

case   the   appellant   is   registered   as   MSME   only   on

28.08.2020.  Therefore, when the contract was entered into

the   appellant   was   not   MSME   and   therefore   the   parties

would not be governed by the MSME Act and the parties

shall be governed by the laws of India applicable and/or

prevailing at the time of execution of the contract.  If that be

so the Council would have no jurisdiction to entertain the

dispute between the appellant and the Respondent no.1, in

exercise   of  powers   under   Section  18   of   the   MSME   Act.

Therefore, in the aforesaid peculiar facts and circumstances

of the case, more particularly the terms of the Agreement,

the order passed by the learned Single Judge confirmed by

the   Division   Bench   holding   the   Council   would   have   no

jurisdiction with respect to Respondent No.1 is not required

to be interfered with.

8.3.However, at the same time, the larger question/issue

whether in a case where the buyer is located outside India

but   has   availed   the   services   in   India   and/or   done   the

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business in India with the Indian supplier and the contract

was executed in India the MSME Act would be applicable or

not and/or another larger issue that in case the supplier is

subsequently registered as MSME the Council would still

have   jurisdiction   are   kept   open   to   be   considered   in   an

appropriate case bearing in mind Section 18 as well as

Section 8 of the MSME Act and the judgments of this Court

in the case of M/s Shilpi Industries vs. Kerala State Road

Transport Corporation, C.A. No.1570­78 of 2021 [2021

SCC Online SC 439] arising under the provisions of MSME

Act and  Shanti Conductors Pvt. Ltd. Vs. Assam State

Electricity Board, (2019) 19 SCC 529   in which case a

similar   provision   under   the   Small   Scale   and   Ancillary

Industries   Undertakings,   Act,   1993   came   up   for

consideration before this Court.

9.In view of the above and for the reason stated above,

we   are   in   agreement   with   the   ultimate   conclusion

reached/arrived at by the learned Single Judge confirmed

by the Division Bench that with respect to the dispute the

appellant and the Respondent No.1 the Council would have

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no jurisdiction under Section 18 of the MSME Act.  Under

the   circumstances,   the   present   appeal   deserves   to   be

dismissed and is accordingly dismissed.  

There shall be no order as to costs.

………………………………… J.

         (M. R. SHAH)

 

………………………………… J.

                                              (B. V. NAGARATHNA)

New Delhi, 

March 24, 2022

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