As per case facts, the Petitioner challenged an order demanding deficit Stamp Duty and a significant penalty on a Supplementary Deed of Assignment. The Petitioner had previously acquired leasehold rights ...
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AGK
IN THE HIGH COURT OF JUDICATURE AT BOMBAY
CIVIL APPELLATE JURISDICTION
WRIT PETITION NO.4682 OF 2021
Om Shivam Builders Private Limited … Petitioner
Vs.
1.Joint District Registrar & Collector
of Stamps, Raigad
2.Chief Controlling Revenue Aughority … Respondents
Mr. Rajesh S. Datar i/by Mr. Akshay J. Kandarkar for
the Petitioner.
Mr. Ketan V. Joshi, ‘B’ Panel Counsel with Mr. Hamid D.
Mulla, AGP for Respondent Nos.1 and 2 – State.
CORAM :AMIT BORKAR, J.
RESERVED ON :OCTOBER 5, 2026
PRONOUNCED ON:OCTOBER 6, 2026
JUDGMENT:
1.By the present Writ Petition, the Petitioner has challenged
the legality, validity and correctness of the order dated 28 July
2021 passed by Respondent No.2 in Appeal No.227 of 2019. By the
said order, Respondent No.2 confirmed the order dated 6 April
2017 passed by Respondent No.1 under Sections 32A and 32B of
the Maharashtra Stamp Act, 1958.
1
ATUL
GANESH
KULKARNI
Digitally signed by
ATUL GANESH
KULKARNI
Date: 2026.10.06
12:34:12 +0530
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2.According to the Petitioner, the following facts are relevant
for deciding the present Petition. Ram Hiraji Govari and others,
hereinafter referred to as the “owners”, were granted lease of Plot
No.8A + 9, admeasuring 1899.72 square metres, situated in Sector
17 of village Kamothe-I, under the GES Scheme. The terms and
conditions of the lease were recorded in an Agreement to Lease
dated 18 August 2009. The said Agreement was registered with
the Sub-Registrar of Assurances, Panvel, under Serial No.PVL-
3/05417-2009. Thereafter, by a tripartite Agreement dated 6
November 2009, the owners transferred and assigned the said
property in favour of the Petitioner. Subsequently, on 31 December
2009, a formal Deed of Assignment was executed between the
owners, on the one hand, and the Petitioner, on the other hand.
The purpose of this Deed was, amongst other things, to specify and
quantify the consideration payable to the owners. The said Deed of
Assignment dated 31 December 2009 was registered on 13
January 2010 with the Sub-Registrar of Assurances, Panvel-1,
under Serial No.PVL-1/00471-2010. Pursuant to the demand made
by the concerned Sub-Registrar of Assurances, the Petitioner paid
an amount of Rs.3,42,000/-, being 1% of the market value,
towards Zilla Parishad Tax/Cess/Nagar Palika Cess on the said
Deed of Assignment. Thereafter, on 30 November 2013, a
Supplementary Deed of Assignment was executed in relation to the
earlier Deed of Assignment and the tripartite Agreement. The said
Supplementary Deed was registered with the Sub-Registrar of
Assurances, Panvel-2. On 21 January 2014, the Sub-Registrar of
Assurances-2, Panvel, by his letter, called upon the Petitioner to
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pay a deficit Stamp Duty of Rs.17,57,094/- on the Supplementary
Deed of Assignment dated 30 November 2013. The Petitioner
replied to the said letter on the same day. It was pointed out that
the Supplementary Deed was not the principal document of the
transaction. According to the Petitioner, it was only a secondary or
ancillary document executed for completing the transaction which
had been covered by the earlier documents.
3.The Sub-Registrar of Assurances-2, Panvel, thereafter took
action under Section 33A of the Act and impounded the
Supplementary Deed of Assignment dated 30 November 2013. The
matter was thereafter referred to Respondent No.1 for action. By
order dated 6 April 2017, passed under Section 32A of the Act,
Respondent No.1 held that the Supplementary Deed of Assignment
dated 30 November 2013 was liable to Stamp Duty under Article
25(b) of Schedule I to the Act. The Petitioner thereafter filed
Appeal No.227 of 2019 before Respondent No.2 under Section 53A
of the Act. Respondent No.2 by order dated 28 July 2021,
dismissed the said Appeal. The Petitioner was directed to pay an
amount of Rs.21,08,512/- towards Stamp Duty and a penalty of
Rs.51,18,652/- within 15 days from the date of receipt of the
order. It is against these orders that the Petitioner has approached
this Court by filing the present Writ Petition.
4.Mr. Datar, learned Advocate appearing for the Petitioner,
submits that the Authorities below have failed to consider the
nature and purpose of the Supplementary Deed of Assignment
dated 30 November 2013. According to him, the said document
was only an ancillary or secondary document connected with the
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tripartite Agreement dated 6 November 2009 and the Deed of
Assignment dated 31 December 2009. He submits that the
principal document was the tripartite Agreement and the Petitioner
had paid the requisite Stamp Duty thereon. The said Agreement
was duly registered with the Sub-Registrar of Assurances, Panvel.
Therefore, according to the Petitioner, the Supplementary Deed of
Assignment did not attract Stamp Duty.
5.Learned Advocate for the Petitioner submits that the
tripartite Agreement dated 6 November 2009 was executed in the
format prescribed by CIDCO. The said format did not contain any
provision for mentioning the amount of consideration payable
under the transaction. For this reason, the Petitioner subsequently
executed the Deed of Assignment dated 31 December 2009. On
that document, the Petitioner paid Stamp Duty of Rs.100/- and
paid Rs.3,42,000/-, being 1% of the market value, towards Zilla
Parishad Tax/Cess/Nagar Palika Cess, as demanded by the
concerned Sub-Registrar.
6.It is submitted that the Petitioner had paid Rs.60,00,000/-
towards part consideration. Thereafter, the owners agreed to
accept the remaining consideration of Rs.2,40,00,000/- in the form
of constructed premises consisting of six shops and twenty flats in
the building to be constructed on the said property. It was for
recording this subsequent arrangement regarding the manner in
which the balance consideration was to be given that the parties
executed the Supplementary Deed of Assignment dated 30
November 2013. According to the Petitioner, this document was
only ancillary or secondary to the earlier tripartite Agreement and
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the Deed of Assignment. It did not materially change the terms
and conditions of the principal documents. Since the Petitioner had
paid the requisite Stamp Duty on the tripartite Agreement and the
Deed of Assignment dated 31 December 2009, no Stamp Duty was
payable on the Supplementary Deed merely because it recorded
the manner in which the balance consideration was to be satisfied.
7.Learned Advocate for the Petitioner submits that the
Supplementary Deed of Assignment did not create any
independent right in favour of the owners. According to him, there
was no fresh transfer of any immovable property by that document
so as to attract Stamp Duty applicable to a conveyance. The
original Licensees were the owners of the land which had been
acquired by CIDCO for a public purpose. In lieu of the acquired
land, they were allotted land under the GE Scheme. The Petitioner
thereafter entered into the tripartite Agreement with the owners
and CIDCO. Pursuant to the tripartite Agreement and the
subsequent Deed of Assignment and Supplementary Deed of
Assignment, the Petitioner developed the property and agreed to
hand over certain constructed premises to the owners towards the
balance consideration. According to the Petitioner, handing over
such constructed premises in satisfaction of the agreed
consideration cannot be treated as a conveyance of immovable
property within the meaning of Article 25(b) of Schedule I to the
Act. Therefore, the demand of Stamp Duty on the basis that the
Supplementary Deed amounted to a conveyance is unsustainable.
8.Learned Advocate for the Petitioner relies upon the Circular
dated 24 June 2016 issued by the Inspector General of Registration
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and Comptroller of Stamps, Maharashtra State, Pune. According to
him, the said Circular makes it clear that Stamp Duty under Article
60 is payable on the tripartite Agreement and that the final Lease
Deed is chargeable to Stamp Duty of Rs.100/- under Section 4 of
the Act. He submits that the Circular recognises the tripartite
Agreement executed between the original Licensee, CIDCO and the
new Licensee as an Assignment Deed chargeable under Article 60
of Schedule I to the Act. According to the Petitioner, the
Authorities below failed to consider this Circular. Instead, they
treated the Supplementary Deed of Assignment dated 30
November 2013 as an independent instrument and held that it was
liable to Stamp Duty.
9.Mr. Joshi, learned Special Counsel appearing for the
Respondents-State, submits that Section 5 of the Bombay Stamp
Act, 1958 provides that where one instrument contains or relates
to several separate matters, the instrument is chargeable with the
total Stamp Duty which would have been payable if separate
instruments had been executed for each of those matters. He
submits that under Article 5(g-a) of Schedule I to the Bombay
Stamp Act, 1958, a development agreement is chargeable with the
same Stamp Duty as a conveyance, calculated on the market value
of the property. He relies upon Order No.684 of the Maharashtra
Registration Manual, Part-II (Mumbai), under which, where the
developer agrees to give residential or non-residential premises to
the owner in return for development rights, the value of those
premises has to be calculated at the rates prevailing on the date of
execution. According to him, Stamp Duty and Registration Fee are
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required to be calculated on the higher of the two values, namely,
the value of the property or the value of the residential and non-
residential premises to be given to the owner. He submits that
Section 14A of the Bombay Stamp Act, 1958 applies where
material changes are made in an instrument by any party, whether
with or without the consent of the other parties, and because of
such changes the nature or character of the instrument is
materially or substantially changed. In such a case, the instrument
is required to be executed on fresh Stamp Paper appropriate to its
changed character.
10.Learned Special Counsel submits that, on examination of
Document No.7843/13 executed on 30 November 2013, it was
found that the Supplementary Deed of Assignment had been
executed between Shri Ram Hiraji Govari and seven others, who
were the owners and residents of Kamothe Gaon, Taluka Panvel,
and the Director of M/s Om Shivam Builders, who was the
developer and was residing at Nerul, Navi Mumbai. The document
related to Plot Nos.8A and 9, admeasuring about 1900 square
metres, situated at Sector No.17, Mouze Kamothe. The
Supplementary Deed was registered with the Sub-Registrar-II,
Panvel, on 30 November 2013. At the time of registration, Stamp
Duty of Rs.500/- and Registration Fee of Rs.100/- were paid. The
document recorded that the earlier Deed of Assignment had been
registered with the Sub-Registrar-II, Panvel. Under that earlier
Deed, an amount of Rs.2.40 crores was payable within a period of
two years, out of which Rs.60 lakhs had been paid by the
developer.
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11.Learned Special Counsel submits that, at the time of
execution of the earlier document, the market value of the
property was taken at Rs.3.42 crores as against the consideration
of Rs.3 crores for the purpose of payment of Stamp Duty and
Registration Fee. Stamp Duty at the rate of 6%, amounting to
Rs.20,52,000/-, and Registration Fee of Rs.100/- were paid by the
developer. It was recorded that, under registered Document
No.7463 of 2009 relating to assignment of plot rights, Stamp Duty
of Rs.17,10,000/- and Registration Fee of Rs.30,000/- had been
paid by the developer. Thus, Stamp Duty at 6%, amounting to
Rs.20,52,000/-, and Registration Fee of Rs.30,000/- were levied on
the earlier document. According to the Respondents, the position
was different in the case of the Supplementary Deed. Under the
Supplementary Deed, instead of paying the balance amount of
Rs.2.40 crores, it was agreed that the owners would receive six
shops and twenty flats from the developer, as specified in the
schedule to the document. Therefore, the six shops and twenty
flats constituted a separate matter which was required to be valued
for determining the consideration being received by the owners.
On that basis, the Authorities calculated the value of the said
premises in the following manner.
12.The valuation was made on the basis of Location No.15/A,
appearing at page 140 of the Ready Reckoner for the year 2013.
The rate adopted was Rs.59,500/- per square metre for flats and
Rs.75,000/- per square metre for shops.
(i) In respect of the twenty flats, the carpet area of each
flat, as mentioned in the schedule to the document, was 448
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square feet. After applying the factor of 1.2, the built-up area
of each flat was taken as 537.6 square feet. The total built-up
area of twenty flats was accordingly calculated at 10,752
square feet. This was converted into approximately 999.25
square metres. At the rate of Rs.59,500/- per square metre,
the value of the twenty flats was calculated at
Rs.5,94,55,375/-.
(ii) In respect of the six shops, the carpet area of each shop
was 197 square feet. After applying the factor of 1.2, the
built-up area was calculated at 236.4 square feet for each
shop. For six shops, the total built-up area was taken at
1,418.4 square feet, equivalent to approximately 131.82
square metres. At the rate of Rs.75,000/- per square metre,
the value of the six shops was calculated at Rs.98,86,500/-.
13.The total value of the twenty flats and six shops was thus
calculated at Rs.6,93,41,875/-. From this amount, the value of
Rs.3,42,00,000/- considered was deducted. The balance amount
was taken at Rs.3,51,41,875/-. On this amount, Stamp Duty at 5%
was calculated at Rs.17,57,094/-. It is on this basis that the A.G.
(II), Nagpur raised an objection regarding short levy of Stamp
Duty of Rs.17,57,094/-.
14.Learned Special Counsel submits that the Petitioner has
accepted certain facts which, according to the Respondents,
support the stand taken by the Authorities. First, the Petitioner has
accepted that the Deed of Assignment falls under Article 60 of
Schedule I to the Maharashtra Stamp Act. Second, the Stamp Duty
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mentioned in Column (2) against Article 60 is linked to Article 36,
which in turn refers to Clause (a), (b) or (c) of Article 25, as
applicable. Thus, according to the Respondents, the applicable
Stamp Duty was 6% of the market value during the relevant
period. Third, the Petitioner cannot rely upon Section 4 of the Act
in respect of different instruments executed by different parties
concerning the same property. According to the Respondents, the
document executed between CIDCO and the original owners under
the PAP 12.5% Scheme and the subsequent documents of
assignment are separate instruments and have to be considered
accordingly.
15.Learned Special Counsel has placed reliance upon Section 4
of the Act. Relying upon the above provision, learned Special
Counsel submits that Section 4 applies only to instruments relating
to a sale, mortgage, settlement, development agreement or lease,
where several instruments are used for completing one
transaction. According to him, the provision does not cover an
Assignment Deed or a Supplementary Deed of Assignment as an
ancillary document to a tripartite Agreement. Therefore, the
contention of the Petitioner that the Assignment Deed and the
Supplementary Deed are merely ancillary or supplementary
documents to the tripartite Agreement cannot be accepted on the
basis of Section 4 of the Act.
16.Learned Special Counsel submits that, under the provisions
of the Transfer of Property Act, every document which creates or
records a transaction concerning property is required to be
stamped according to the applicable provisions of the Stamp Act.
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Therefore, according to him, the fact that the CIDCO format did
not require the amount of consideration to be mentioned does not
make any difference. Every instrument falling within Articles 1 to
63 of Schedule I to the Act and executed in the State of
Maharashtra is required to be duly stamped. He submits that the
question whether an instrument is stamped, and what amount of
Stamp Duty is payable on it, has to be determined in accordance
with Section 31 of the Act. In the present case, according to the
Respondents, none of the executants of the four documents had
sought prior adjudication of the proper Stamp Duty before
executing the documents. They had not placed the documents
before Respondent No.1 for verification. Therefore, according to
learned Special Counsel, the Petitioner's contention that proper
Stamp Duty had been paid on the documents cannot be accepted
merely on the basis of the payments made earlier.
REASONS AND FINDINGS:
17.I have considered the submissions made by Mr. Datar,
learned Advocate for the Petitioner, the submissions made by Mr.
Joshi, learned Special Counsel for the Respondents-State. The
matter cannot be decided only from the name or title given to the
document. What is necessary is to see what the document provides
and what transaction is dealt with by it.
18.The documents on record show the events which took place
one after another. Under the Agreement to Lease dated 18 August
2009, the original Licensees were given rights in Plot No.8A and 9,
admeasuring about 1899.72 square metres, situated at Sector 17,
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Kamothe, under the 12.5% Scheme. Thereafter, the tripartite
Agreement dated 6 November 2009 was executed between CIDCO,
the original Licensees and the new Licensee, namely, the developer.
This Agreement shows that the new Licensee was to come in place
of the original Licensee. Clause 2 of the document states: “The
New Licensee shall be substituted for the Original Licensee in the
said agreement and shall have all the rights, obligation liabilities,
benefits and equities accordingly thereunder.” Clause 3 records:
“The Original Licensee relinquish and release all his right, titles,
benefits, interest, claims or demands whatsoever in the said
agreement.” From these clauses, it is seen that the rights of the
original Licensees in the plot were dealt with, and the developer
was brought in their place. The tripartite Agreement states that
“The stamp Duty payable under this Tripartite Agreement shall be
borne and paid by the New Licensee wholly and exclusively.” These
clauses are important as they show that the transfer and
substitution of the leasehold rights had been dealt with in the year
2009.
19.Thereafter, the Deed of Assignment dated 31 December 2009
was executed between the original owners and the Petitioner. From
the said document, it is seen that the total consideration agreed
between the parties was Rs.3,00,00,000/-. Out of this amount,
Rs.60,00,000/- was paid and the balance amount of
Rs.2,40,00,000/- was agreed to be paid within two years. The
Assignment Deed was registered. Thus, in the year 2009, the
transaction under which the original owners gave up their rights in
favour of the developer had been recorded in a registered
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document and the consideration payable under that transaction
was fixed.
20.The Supplementary Deed of Assignment was executed
thereafter on 30 November 2013. On reading the document, it
does not appear that the original owners again transferred the plot
to the Petitioner. There is no fresh transfer of Plot No.8A and 9 by
the original owners. The earlier transaction continues to be the
basis. What was changed was the manner in which the unpaid
balance consideration of Rs.2,40,00,000/- was to be given. Instead
of receiving the balance amount in money, the original owners
agreed to receive certain constructed premises, namely, six shops
and twenty flats, in the building being developed by the Petitioner.
The schedules to the Supplementary Deed identify those premises
and mention their carpet areas. The first schedule shows the
premises which were to be given to the original land owners and
the other schedules show the flats which were to remain with the
developer. Therefore, the 2013 document does not appear to be a
document by which the rights in the original plot were again
assigned. It deals with the balance consideration under the earlier
Assignment and provides the constructed premises in satisfaction
of that balance amount.
21.This difference is required to be kept in mind. Merely
because the parties, at a later time, changed the manner in which
the consideration was to be received, the later document does not
for that reason become a conveyance of the original property. It
has to be seen whether the later document transfers some separate
and identifiable property, or whether it only records or changes the
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manner of fulfilling an obligation which had come from the earlier
transaction. In the present case, the original transfer of the
leasehold rights had taken place in 2009. The Supplementary Deed
does not cancel that transfer. It does not bring those rights back to
the original owners. It does not again substitute the original
owners in place of the developer. The rights created under the
tripartite Agreement and the Deed of Assignment continue to
remain. The change is only regarding the manner in which the
unpaid consideration was to be satisfied.
22.The Respondents submit that the Supplementary Deed
contains a “distinct matter” because six shops and twenty flats
were agreed to be given to the original owners. They rely upon
Section 5 and submit that where one instrument contains several
distinct matters, Stamp Duty is required to be calculated in respect
of those matters. This submission does not answer the main issue.
Before applying the provisions relating to valuation, it is first
necessary to find out which document is chargeable and under
which charging provision the liability arises. Valuation cannot
create liability for Stamp Duty if the document does not come
under the charging Article relied upon. Therefore, the first
question is not what is the value of the six shops and twenty flats.
The first question is whether the Supplementary Deed is a
conveyance attracting Stamp Duty under Article 25(b).
23.The Respondents have relied upon the definition of “market
value”, which reads:
“(na) “market value” in relation to any property which is the
subject matter of an instrument, means the price which such
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property would have fetched if sold in open market on the
date of execution of such instrument] [or the consideration
stated in the instrument, whichever is higher];”
24.This definition can be applied when the property is the
subject matter of the instrument. But before applying this
definition, it is necessary to first establish that the instrument is
chargeable with Stamp Duty. In the present case, the Authority has
first valued the six shops and twenty flats and thereafter calculated
the alleged deficit Stamp Duty. However, from the reasons given in
the order, there is no clear finding that the Supplementary Deed
operates as a conveyance of those premises. The Authority has
treated the change in the manner of consideration as creating a
separate chargeable transaction without considering the effect of
the earlier registered documents.
25.The reliance placed by the Petitioner upon Section 4 requires
consideration. The said provision states:
“4. Several instruments used in single transaction of
development agreement, sale, lease, mortgage or settlement.
— (1) Where, in the case of any development agreement,
sale, lease, mortgage or settlement, several instruments are
employed for completing the transaction, the principal
instrument only shall be chargeable with the duty prescribed
in Schedule I for the conveyance, development agreement,
lease, mortgage or settlement, and each of the other
instruments shall be chargeable with a duty of five hundred
rupees instead of the duty (if any) prescribed for it in that
Schedule.
(2) The parties may determine for themselves which of the
instruments so employed shall, for the purposes of sub-
section (1), be deemed to be the principal instrument.
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(3) If the parties fail to determine the principal instrument
between themselves, then the officer before whom the
instrument is produced may, for the purposes of this section,
determine the principal instrument:
Provided that the duty chargeable on the instrument so
determined shall be the highest duty which would be
chargeable in respect of any of the said instruments
employed.”
26.The language of Section 4 has to be carefully seen. It speaks
of several instruments being used for completing one transaction
of development agreement, sale, lease, mortgage or settlement. An
Assignment Deed is not mentioned in this provision. Therefore, the
submission of the Petitioner that Section 4 makes the
Supplementary Deed chargeable only as an ancillary document
cannot be accepted. An Assignment Deed cannot be brought within
Section 4 only by giving another description to the transaction. At
the same time, the submission of the Respondents that Section 4
has no relevance at all because the transaction involves an
assignment cannot be accepted without looking at the whole
transaction. The tripartite Agreement contains the grant of lease
and substitution of the new Licensee. It records that CIDCO grants
the lease of the plot to the New Licensee and that the Original
Licensee gives up his rights. Therefore, the documents have to be
read together to understand the actual transaction. Merely because
different documents were executed on different dates, it cannot be
said that they were separate and independent transactions. In the
present case, the documents are part of one continuing
arrangement concerning the same plot and the same transfer of
rights.
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27.There is another aspect which supports the case of the
Petitioner. The Deed of Assignment dated 31 December 2009 fixed
the total consideration at Rs.3 crores. It recorded payment of Rs.60
lakhs and provided for payment of the balance amount of Rs.2.40
crores. The Supplementary Deed does not increase this agreed
consideration. It does not state that the original owners would
receive an additional Rs.2.40 crores apart from the six shops and
twenty flats. Those premises are given in place of the unpaid
amount of Rs.2.40 crores. Therefore, the documents do not show
that there was any fresh consideration for making a fresh transfer
of the plot. What appears to have been changed is only the manner
in which the existing balance consideration was to be satisfied.
28.The reliance placed by the Respondents upon Section 14A
does not take the matter further. Section 14A, as relied upon by
the Respondents, deals with a material alteration in an instrument
which changes its character. The present case is not one where the
original Deed of Assignment dated 31 December 2009 was altered
by making changes in that very document. A separate
Supplementary Deed was executed in the year 2013. Therefore,
Section 14A cannot become the source of the Stamp Duty
demanded by the Respondents. If any liability is to arise, it must
arise from the nature of the 2013 document under the charging
provisions of the Act. The order under challenge has not
established such connection.
29.The Respondents have relied upon the fact that the
Supplementary Deed was registered on payment of Rs.500/- as
Stamp Duty and Rs.100/- as Registration Fee. It is true that
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registration of a document does not prevent the Stamp Authority
from examining whether proper Stamp Duty was paid. Registration
and Stamp Duty are different matters. But this principle does not
decide the present dispute. The Authority is still required to
correctly find out the nature of the document and the statutory
Article applicable to it. Merely because a document is registered,
an instrument which only changes the manner of payment of
earlier consideration cannot for that reason become a conveyance
of the original property.
30.The submission of the Petitioner regarding valuation requires
separate consideration. Mr. Datar submits that the constructed
portion which was to be given to the original owners was required
to be valued at the construction rate prevailing in 2013 and that
the total carpet area agreed to be given was 7,579 square feet.
According to him, its value would be Rs.1,36,07,175/-, which is
below the balance consideration of Rs.2.40 crores. This
submission, cannot result in complete exemption from Stamp
Duty. The statutory definition of “market value” provides that the
relevant value would be the open market price or the
consideration stated in the instrument, whichever is higher.
Therefore, even if the valuation of Rs.1,36,07,175/- suggested by
the Petitioner is accepted, it would not mean that no Stamp Duty
is payable merely because that amount is less than Rs.2.40 crores.
The statutory comparison would still require the amount stated in
the instrument to be considered.
31.The Respondents have proceeded on another basis. They
have valued the twenty flats at Rs.5,94,55,375/- and the six shops
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at Rs.98,86,500/-, taking the total value at Rs.6,93,41,875/-. From
this amount, Rs.3,42,00,000/- was deducted, and the alleged short
amount was calculated at Rs.3,51,41,875/-. Thereafter, Stamp
Duty at 5% was calculated at Rs.17,57,094/-. Thus, the order does
not merely proceed on the basis that the unpaid balance
consideration of Rs.2.40 crores is chargeable. The Authority has
treated the constructed premises as a fresh and chargeable subject
matter and thereafter arrived at the alleged deficit by comparing
the later valuation with the earlier value. Such an approach could
have been justified only if there was a clear finding that the
Supplementary Deed conveyed the six shops and twenty flats in
law. That basic reasoning is not sufficiently found in the order.
32.The manner in which the Authority has made the calculation
shows that the whole amount of Rs.6,93,41,875/- was not treated
as the consideration of a completely fresh transaction. The
Authority deducted Rs.3,42,00,000/-, which had been considered
earlier. This shows that the 2013 document was being considered
in connection with the earlier transaction. Once the Authority
treated the earlier and later documents as connected for giving
credit for the earlier valuation, it was necessary to examine
whether the later document only completed the earlier transaction
or whether it created a fresh transfer which could be charged with
Stamp Duty. This examination is not found in the impugned order.
33.The Circular dated 24 June 2016 relied upon by the
Petitioner requires consideration. According to the Petitioner, the
Circular treats the tripartite Agreement between the Original
Licensee, CIDCO and the New Licensee as an Assignment Deed
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chargeable under Article 60 and states that the final Lease Deed
would attract Stamp Duty of Rs.100/- under Section 4. In my view,
this Circular supports one important part of the Petitioner's case,
namely, that the tripartite Agreement was treated by the
Registration Authorities as the operative document for assignment
of the leasehold rights. This is consistent with the express terms of
the tripartite Agreement, under which the New Licensee was
substituted for the Original Licensee and the Original Licensee
relinquished his rights. However, the Circular cannot be
understood as giving automatic protection to every later document
relating to the same property. The Circular, on the material placed
before the Court, does not decide the Stamp Duty payable on a
Supplementary Deed by which the manner of payment of the
balance consideration is changed from money to identified
constructed premises. Therefore, the reliance placed by the
Petitioner upon the Circular is correct to that limited extent, but
the Circular does not decide the whole dispute.
34.The submission of the Respondents that “every document”
covered by Articles 1 to 63 must be duly stamped is correct as a
general proposition. But that is not the real question in the present
matter. The question is whether this particular document was
liable to the particular Stamp Duty demanded by the Authority. For
deciding this, the substance of the Supplementary Deed has to be
considered. A later document does not become chargeable with
conveyance duty merely because it refers to immovable property or
because valuable premises are mentioned in it. The Supplementary
Deed has to be read along with the earlier two documents. When
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this is done, it appears that the original owners had relinquished
their rights in the plot in favour of the New Licensee. The
consideration for that transaction had been fixed at Rs.3 crores
and Rs.60 lakhs had been paid. The Supplementary Deed only
provides that the unpaid amount of Rs.2.40 crores would be
satisfied by giving six shops and twenty flats to the original
owners. The schedules identify those premises and their areas.
Thus, the document gives a particular form to the manner in which
the balance consideration was to be satisfied. The material on
record does not establish that, by the Supplementary Deed alone,
the original owners conveyed any fresh interest in Plot No.8A and
9 or that the Petitioner obtained any new right in the said plot
which it did not possess under the documents executed in the year
2009.
35.I find substance in the submission of Mr. Datar that the
Authorities below did not keep in view the basic nature of the
2013 document. Merely because six shops and twenty flats are
mentioned in the Supplementary Deed, it does not become a
second conveyance of the land. The Authority was first required to
consider the effect of the earlier registered documents and
thereafter decide whether the 2013 document fell within Article
25(b). That exercise does not appear to have been undertaken.
The finding of the Authority that the six shops and twenty flats
constituted a “distinct matter” is not sufficient to sustain the
demand. A distinct matter for the purpose of valuation does not
become a separate conveyance for the purpose of a charging
Article. There must first be a transaction which is chargeable. In
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the present case, the Authority appears to have proceeded in the
reverse manner. It first valued the premises and thereafter treated
the difference as short Stamp Duty. Such an approach cannot be
sustained when there is no proper finding regarding the nature of
the Supplementary Deed.
36.I find that the impugned order dated 6 April 2017 proceeds
on an incorrect understanding of the nature of the Supplementary
Deed of Assignment dated 30 November 2013. The subsequent
order dated 28 July 2021, by which the said order was confirmed,
does not correct this basic defect. It cannot be sustained. The
demand of Rs.17,57,094/- towards alleged deficit Stamp Duty and
the consequential penalty based upon such demand cannot be
upheld on the reasons recorded by the Authorities.
37.For the reasons stated above, the Petition succeeds on merits.
On the material placed before the Court, the Supplementary Deed
cannot be treated as a fresh conveyance of the plot or as an
independent transfer of the original leasehold rights merely
because the manner of payment of the balance consideration was
changed from money to six shops and twenty flats. The valuation
made by the Authority on that basis and the consequential penalty
are liable to be set aside. The payments made under the earlier
registered documents cannot be ignored while considering the
later document. The 2013 Supplementary Deed cannot be
subjected to the alleged deficit Stamp Duty merely by treating the
constructed premises as a fresh conveyance, without first
establishing from the document that it has such character.
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38.In view of the foregoing discussion, and upon overall
assessment of the material record, the following order is passed:
i) The Writ Petition is allowed;
ii) The order dated 28 July 2021 passed by Respondent
No.2 in Appeal No.227 of 2019 is quashed and set aside;
iii) Consequently, the order dated 6 April 2017 passed by
Respondent No.1 under Sections 32A and 32B of the
Maharashtra Stamp Act, 1958, in respect of the
Supplementary Deed of Assignment dated 30 November
2013, is quashed and set aside;
iv) The demand of Rs.21,08,512/- towards Stamp Duty
and the penalty of Rs.51,18,652/- imposed upon the
Petitioner pursuant to the aforesaid orders are set aside;
v) If any amount has been recovered from the Petitioner
pursuant to the impugned orders, the same shall be dealt
with in accordance with law and refunded to the Petitioner
within a period of eight weeks from today;
vi) The Petition is disposed of in the above terms.
vii) There shall be no order as to costs.
(AMIT BORKAR, J.)
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