1

A.F.R.

Judgment Reserved on 24.03.2021

Judgment Delivered on 11.06.2021

Court No. - 3

Case :- CRIMINAL MISC. WRIT PETITION No. - 16386 of 2020

Petitioner :- Shiv Kumar Verma and Another

Respondent :- State Of U.P. and 3 Others

Counsel for Petitioner :- Ganesh Shanker Srivastava,Ashwini Kumar

Counsel for Respondent :- G.A.

Hon'ble Surya Prakash Kesarwani,J.

Hon'ble Shamim Ahmed,J.

(Per: Surya Prakash Kesarwani, J.)

1. Heard Sri Ashwini Kumar, learned counsel for the petitioners

and Sri Manish Goyal, learned Additional Advocate General assisted by

Sri S.K. Pal, learned Government Advocate and Sri Ali Murtuza, learned

A.G.A. for the State-respondents.

2. This writ petition has been filed praying for the following

reliefs:

"i) Issue a writ, order or direction in the nature of mandamus directing

the respondents to give compensation to the petitioners in lieu of illegal

detention from 12.10.2020 to 21.10.2020 in connection with Case

Crime No.624 of 2020, State vs. Shiv Kumar Verma and another, under

Section 151, 107 and 116 Cr.P.C., Police Station Rohania, District

Varanasi."

Facts

3. Briefly stated, facts of the present case are that there was some

dispute relating to ancestral property between the petitioners and their

family members. In paragraph 3 of the writ petition, it has been stated that

some tiff arose between the petitioners and other family members,

namely, Rajendra Prasad, Shiv Kumar Verma and Raj Kumar Verma

regarding partition of an ancestral land and in apprehension of breach of

public peace, the police arrested the petitioners under Section 151 Cr.P.C.

NeutralI”itationINopIVI,G,kc/;”c''G,yVx“

2

on 08.10.2020. A Challani Report dated 08.10.2020 was submitted by the

Sub Inspector, Police Station Rohania, District Varanasi to the Sub

Divisional Magistrate, District Varanasi under Section 151/107/116

Cr.P.C., which was in printed form and merely name of the petitioners and

others, name of village and "land dispute" have been filled by ink in the

aforesaid Challani Report. On receipt of the Challani Report, the Sub

Divisional Magistrate registered the case as Case No.624 of 2020 (State

vs. Shiv Kumar Maurya and others) and passed the following order on

08.10.2020:

“Ekq0l0 624 lu~ 2020

ljdkj cuke f'kodqekj ekS;Z vkfn

/kkjk&515@107@116 n0iz0la0

Fkkuk&jksgfu;k

08-10-2020

vkt Fkkuk/;{k jksgfu;k tuin okjk.klh }kjk vUrxZr /kkjk 151@107@116 n0iz0la0 ds vUrxZr pkykuh

fjiksVZ ljdkj cuke f'kodqekj ekS;Z vkfn izLrqr fd;k x;k vfHk;qDrx.k ds tekur gsrq cU/k i= o 'kiFk

i= o eqpydk nkf[ky ugha fd;k x;kA

vr% vfHk;qDrx.k ds tekur gsrq cU/k i= o eqpydk ds miyC/krk rd vfHk;qDrx.k dks fu:} tsy

fd;k tkrk gSA i=koyh fnukad 21-10-2020 dks is'k gksA

v0g0

lR;izfrfyfi

08-10-2020”

4. It appears that on 12.10.2020 the petitioners submitted personal

bond and other papers but the respondent no.3 has not released them and

instead, under the pretext of verification, directed the file to be placed on

21.10.2020. The order dated 12.10.2020 passed by the respondent no.3 is

reproduced below:

“12-10-2020

i=koyh is'kA vfHk;qDrx.k }kjk tekur izkFkZuk i= o cU/k i=@ eqpydk nkf[ky fd;k

x;k cU/k i= esa layXu tekunkjh dks [krkSuh dk eqY;kadu gsrq rglhynkj jktLo dks izsf"kr

o jkt if=d vf/kdkjh }kjk tkjh vfHk;qDrx.ks dk pfj= izek.k i= nks izfr vr% i=koyh

fnukad 21-10-2020 dks is'k gksA

v0g0

lR;izfrfyfi 12-10-2020”

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5. Thereafter, on 21.10.2020 the petitioners were released.

Aggrieved with the arbitrary and illegal action of the respondents and

illegal detention, the petitioners have filed the present writ petition

praying for the relief as afore-quoted.

Discussion and Findings

6. We have carefully considered the submissions of learned

counsels for the parties.

Action taken by the State Government

7. In paragraph 8 of the counter affidavit dated 02.02.2021, the

respondent no.1 has stated that the State Government has taken

corrective action in the matter vide letters/circulars dated 30th January,

2021 and 31st January, 2021. The aforesaid letters/circulars dated

30th January, 2021 and 31st January, 2021 are reproduced below:

“Letter/Circular dated 30th January, 2021

QSDl@bZ&esy@ egRoiw.kZ

la[;k& 159@6&iq0&11&21&05 fjV@2021

izs"kd]

r:.k xkck]

lfpo]

mRrj izns'k 'kkluA

lsok esa]

iqfyl egkfuns'kd]

mRrj izns'kA

x`g¼iqfyl½vuqHkkx&11 y[kuÅ% fnukad%30 tuojh]2021

fo"k;%& fdzfeuy ¼fel0½ fjV ;kfpdk la[;k& 16386@2020] f'ko dqekj oekZ o vU; cuke

m0iz0 jkT; o vU; esa ikfjr ek0 mPp U;k;ky; ds vkns'k fnukad 13-01-2021 ds vuqikyu

4

esa fn'kk&funsZ'k fuxZr djus ds lEcU/k esaA

egksn;]

mi;qZDr fo"k;d fdzfeuy ¼fel0½ fjV ;kfpdk la[;k& 16386@2020] f'ko dqekj oekZ o

vU; cuke m0iz0 jkT; o vU; esa ikfjr ek0 mPp U;k;ky; ds vkns'k fnukad 13-01-2021

¼izfr layxz½ dk d`i;k voyksdu djus dk d"V djsaA

2& bl lEcU/k esa eq>s ;g dgus dk funs'k gqvk gS fd ek0 mPp U;k;ky;] bykgkckn }kjk

ikfjr mi;qZDr vkns'k fnukad 13-01-2021 ds n`f"Vxr fuEufyf[kr fcUnqvksa dks lfEefyr

djrs gq, leLr lEcfU/kr v/khUkLFk vf/kdkfj;ksaa dks vius Lrj ls foLr`r

fn'kk&funsZ'k fuxZr djus dk d"V djsa%&

¼1½ 107@116@116 ¼3½ lhvkjihlh o 151 lhvkjihlh bR;kfn fujks/kkRed dk;Zokgh dk

pkykuh fjiksVZ fizUVsM izksQkekZ ij iszf"kr u fd;k tk,A

¼2½ izR;sd ekeys esa fookn ls lEcfU/kr iw.kZ@lqLi"V ,oa rF;kRed fooj.k

¼lqfopkfjr dkj.kksa lfgr½ vafdr fd;k tk,A

¼3½ izR;sd pkykuh fjiksVZ ds lkFk izdj.k ls lEcfU/kr vko';d izi=] tSls izkFkZuk

i=] ,ulhvkj dh izfr bR;kfn vo'; layxz fd;s tk,A

¼4½ izR;sd pkykuh fjiksVZ ;fn fdlh pkSdh izHkkjh vFkok mi fujh{kd }kjk rS;kj dh tkrh gS

rks ml ij lEcfU/kr izHkkjh fujh{kd@Fkkuk/;{k }kjk ijh{k.k dj viuh Li"V ,oa rF;kRed

fVIi.kh vafdr djus ds mijkUr gh vfxze dk;Zokgh gsrq izsf"kr dh tk,A

layxzd% ;FkksifjA

Hkonh;

¼r:.k xkck½

lfpoA”

8. In compliance to the aforequoted Government Order dated

30.01.2021, the Director General of Police, Uttar Pradesh has issued a

Circular being letter No. Mhth&vkB&94 ¼funsZ'k½ 2021, dated 31.01.2021 to all

the Zonal Additional Director General of Police, Uttar Pradesh, and all the

Police Commissioners, Uttar Pradesh and directed them to ensure strict

compliance of the aforequoted Government order.

9. From the facts briefly noted above and the counter affidavit of

respondent no.1, it stands admitted that the police authorities are

arbitrarily and illegally submitting Challani Reports under Sections

107/116 Cr.P.C. Since the respondent no.1 has taken steps to correct the

mistakes and illegalities, therefore, we do not propose to issue any further

direction in that regard, except that the afore-quoted Circulars

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dated 30th January, 2021 and 31st January, 2021 shall be

strictly implemented in the whole of the State of Uttar

Pradesh.

10. In the counter affidavit dated 01.02.2021, the respondent

no.3 has stated in paragraph 5 and 8 that "the petitioners submitted

the applications through their counsel that they are ready to furnish

personal bonds as well as bail bonds, therefore, they may be released on

bail and the answering respondent directed the concerned

Tehsildar to verify the revenue records produced by the

sureties and on verification the petitioners shall be released

on 21.10.2020 on bail."

11. In his counter affidavit, the respondent no.3 has tried to justify

his arbitrary action and clear breach of statutory duty cast upon him as

well as the fundamental rights guaranteed under Article 14 and 21 of the

Constitution of India. In this regard, it would be appropriate to refer to

the provisions of Sections 107, 111 and 116 of the Code of the

Criminal Procedure, 1973, which are reproduced below:

"107. Security for keeping the peace in other cases.

(1) When an Executive Magistrate receives information that any person

is likely to commit a breach of the peace or disturb the

public tranquillity or to do any wrongful act that may

probably occasion a breach of the peace or disturb the public

tranquillity and is of opinion that there is sufficient ground for

proceeding, he may, in the manner hereinafter provided, require such

person to show cause why he should not be ordered to execute a bond,

with or without sureties, for keeping the peace for such period, not

exceeding one year, as the Magistrate thinks fit.

(2) Proceedings under this section may be taken before any Executive

Magistrate when either the place where the breach of the peace or

disturbance is apprehended is within his local jurisdiction or there is

within such jurisdiction a person who is likely to commit a breach of

the peace or disturb the public tranquillity or to do any wrongful act as

aforesaid beyond such jurisdiction.

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"111. Order to be made. When a Magistrate acting under section

107, section 108, section 109 or section 110, deems it necessary to

require any person to show cause under such section, he shall make

an order in writing, setting forth the substance of the

information received, the amount of the bond to be

executed, the term for which it is to be in force, and the

number, character and class of sureties (if any) required."

"116. Inquiry as to truth of information.

(1) When an order under section Ill has been read or explained under

section 112 to a person present in Court, or when any person appears or

is brought before a Magistrate in compliance with, or in execution of, a

summons or warrant, issued under section 113, the Magistrate shall

proceed to inquire into the truth of the information upon which action

has been taken, and to take such further evidence as may appear

necessary.

(2) Such inquiry shall be made, as nearly as may be practicable, in the

manner hereinafter prescribed for conducting trial and recording

evidence in summons- cases.

(3) After the commencement, and before the completion, of the inquiry

under sub- section (1), the Magistrate, if he considers that

immediate measures are necessary for the prevention of a breach of the

peace or disturbance of the public tranquillity or the commission of any

offence or for the public safety, may, for reasons to be recorded

in writing, direct the person in respect of whom the order under

section 111 has been made to execute a bond, with or without

sureties, for keeping the peace or maintaining good behaviour until

the conclusion of the inquiry, and may detain him in custody

until such bond is executed or, in default of execution,

until the inquiry is concluded: Provided that-

(a) no person against whom proceedings are not being taken under

section 108, section 109, or section 110 shall be directed to execute a

bond for maintaining good behaviour;

(b) the conditions of such bond, whether as to the amount thereof or as

to the provision of sureties or the number thereof or the pecuniary

extent of their liability, shall not be more onerous than those specified

in the order under section 111.

(4) For the purposes of this section the fact that a person is an habitual

offender or is so desperate and dangerous as to render his being at large

without security hazardous to the community may be proved by

evidence of general repute or otherwise.

(5) Where two or more persons have been associated together in the

matter under inquiry, they may be dealt with in the same or separate

inquiries as the Magistrate shall think just.

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(6) The inquiry under this section shall be completed within a period of

six months from the date of its commencement, and if such inquiry is

not so completed, the proceedings under this Chapter shall, on the

expiry of the said period, stand terminated unless, for special reasons to

be recorded in writing, the Magistrate otherwise directs: Provided that

where any person has been kept in detention pending such inquiry, the

proceeding against that person, unless terminated earlier, shall stand

terminated on the expiry of a period of six months of such detention.

(7) Where any direction is made under sub- section (6) permitting the

continuance of proceedings, the Sessions Judge may, on an application

made to him by the aggrieved party, vacate such direction if he is

satisfied that it was not based on any special reason or was perverse."

12. Section 107 Cr.P.C. requires the Magistrate receiving the

information that any person is likely to commit a breach of peace or

disturb the public tranquillity or to do any wrongful act that may probably

occasion a breach of peace or disturb the public tranquility and is of

opinion that there is sufficient ground for proceeding, he may,

in the manner provided, require such person to show cause why

he should not be ordered to execute a bond, with or without

sureties, for keeping the peace for such period, not exceeding

one year, as the Magistrate thinks fit. Perusal of the order dated

08.10.2020, passed by the respondent no.3 would reveal that there is no

such satisfaction recorded by the respondent no.3. The aforesaid order

dated 08.10.2020 would further reveal that the respondent no.3 has not

required the petitioners to show cause that why they should not be ordered

to execute a bond with or without sureties. Thus, the respondent no.3 has

committed clear breach of mandate of Section 107 Cr.P.C.

13. Section 111 Cr.P.C. provides that when a Magistrate acting

under section 107, section 108, section 109 or section 110,

deems it necessary to require any person to show cause under

such section, he shall make an order in writing, setting forth (i)

the substance of the information received, (ii) the amount of the bond to

be executed, (iii) the term for which it is to be in force, and (iv) the

number, character and class of sureties (if any) required. These necessary

ingredients of Section 111 Cr.P.C. are totally absent in the order dated

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08.10.2020 passed by the respondent no.3. Thus, it is evident on record

that the respondent no.3 has acted arbitrarily and illegally.

14. It would further be relevant to note that admittedly the

petitioners have submitted personal bond on 12.10.2020 although the

order passed by the respondent no.3 dated 08.10.2020 does not specify the

substance of the information received, the amount of the bond to be

executed, the term for which it is to be in force, and the number, character

and class of sureties, if any, required. Despite submission of

personal bond and other papers on 12.10.2020 by the

petitioners before the respondent no.3, they were not released

by the respondent no.3 and that too against his own order

dated 08.10.2020 that the petitioners shall be detained till

presentation of personal bond/bail bond. Non release of the

petitioners by the respondent no.3 even after submission of

personal bond/bail bond and other papers, is a clear breach of

Article 21 of the Constitution of India, by the respondent

no.3 which resulted in illegal detention of the petitioners at least since

12.10.2020 to 21.10.2020.

15. On 02.02.2021 this Court noted the statement made by the State

Government in Paragraph 15 of the order dated 02.02.2021 as under:

“15. Learned Additional Advocate General and the Secretary, Home,

U.P. Lucknow jointly state that the State Government shall

develop a mechanism and shall also issue appropriate

guidelines so as to ensure that such instances may not

repeat again. They further state that the State Government shall

consider to grant monetary compensation to the petitioners

for breach of their fundamental rights under Article 21 of the

Constitution of India.”

16. In pursuance to the statement made on own behalf of the State

government as noted in the aforequoted paragraph 15 of the order dated

02.02.2021, the State Government filed an affidavit of

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compliance dated 24.03.2021 of Sri Tarun Gauba, Secretary,

Home Affairs, Uttar Pradesh, in which in paragraph 10 it has been

stated as under :

“That it is most respectfully submitted that the State Government

has issued directions to all District Magistrates and all

Executive and Special Magistrates who are sub ordinate to the

District Magistrates, to exercise their power under Section 107, 116

Cr.P.C. for maintenance of public peace and public tranquility in their

territorial jurisdiction. They have been further advised that each and

every case under the aforesaid proceedings shall be decided on its own

merit with the application of judicial mind and in accordance with the

established law & procedure to ensure that the fundamental rights of

citizens are protected. The State Government has directed all the

District Magistrates of the State to ensure strict compliance of the

policy/guideline dated 23rd March, 2021. The State Government

has reformulated the earlier policy dated 02.03.2021 and

after including the aforementioned issues it has re-issued

policy/guideline dated 23rd March, 2021. For kind perusal of

this Hon'ble Court copy of policy/guideline dated 23rd March, 2021 is

being filed herewith and marked as Annexure-1 to this affidavit.”

17. The policy of the State Government dated 23.03.2021

appended as Annexure 1 to the aforesaid affidavit of compliance dated

24.03.2021, is reproduced below :-

EkgRoiw.kZ@fn 'kk&funsZ'k

la[;k&580ih@6&iw0&3&2021

isz"kd]

vouh'k dqekj voLFkh

vij eq[; lfpo]

m0 iz0 'kkluA

lsok esa]

leLr ftykf/kdkjh]

mRrj izns'kA

x`g ¼iqfyl½ vuqHkkx&3 y[kuÅ % fnuakd % 23

ekpZ] 2021

fo"k; %& fdzfeuy fel fjV fiVh'ku la[;k&16386@2020] f'ko dqekj oekZ ,oa vU; cuke m0 iz0

jkT; o vU; esa ek0 mPp U;k;ky;] bykgkckn }kjk ikfjr vkns'k fnukad 02-02-2021 ds

vuqikyu ds laca/k esa fn'kk&funsZ'kA

egksn;]

mi;qZDr fo"k;d 'kklu ds i= la[;k&392ih@6&iq0&3&2021] fnukad 02 ekpZ] 2021 dk

d`i;k lanHkZ xzg.k djus dk d"V djsa] ftlds ek/;e ls ek0 mPp U;k;ky;] bykgkckn esa ;ksftr fdzfeuy

fel fjV fiVh'ku la[;k&16386@2020] f'ko dqekj oekZ ,oa vU; cuke m0 iz0 jkT; o vU; esa ek0 mPPk

U;k;ky; }kjk ikfjr vkns'k fnukad 02-02-2021 ds vuqikyu esa ifj'kkfUr dk;e j[kus ds mn~ns'; ls n.M

izfdz;k lafgrk] 1973 ds v/khu /kkjk 107@116@151 ds rgr dk;Zdkjh eftLVªsV dks izkIr 'kfDr;ksa ds

10

fdz;kUou ds fo"k; esa visf{kr fn'kk&funsZ'k fuxZr fd;s x;s FksA

2- fdzfeuy fel fjV fiVh'ku la[;k&16386@2020] f'ko dqekj oekZ ,oa vU; cuke m0 iz0

jkT; o vU; esa ek0 mPp U;k;ky; }kjk ikfjr vkns'k fnukad 03-03-2021 esa dfri; fcUnqvksa dks mDr

fn'kk&funsZ'k esa lekosf'kr fd;s tkus ds vkns'k fn;s x;s gSaA

3& ek0 mPp U;k;ky; }kjk ikfjr mDr vkns'k fnukad 03-03-2021 ds vuqikyu esa 'kklu ds i=

la[;k&393ih@6&iq0&3&2021] fnukad 02 ekpZ] 2021 dks vodzfer djrs gq, lE;d~ fopkjksijkUr ifj'kkfUr

dk;e j[kus ds mn~ns'; ls n.M izfdz;k lafgrk] 1973 ds v/khu /kkjk 107@116@151 ds rgr dk;Zdkjh

eftLVªsV dks izkIr 'kfDr;ksa ds fdz;kUou ds fo"k; esa layXukuqlkj visf{kr fn'kk&funsZ'k fuxZr fd;s tkrs gSaA

4& d`i;k mDr fn'kk&funsZ'kksa dk dM+kbZ ls vuqikyu djkuk lqfuf'pr djus dk d"V djsaA

layXud% ;FkksifjA

Hkonh;]

g0 viBuh;

¼vouh'k dqekj voLFkh½

vij eq[; lfpoA

la[;k ,oa fnuakd rnSoA

izfrfyfi fuEufyf[kr dks lwpukFkZ ,oa vko';d dk;Zokgh gsrq izsf"kr%&

¼1½ iqfyl egkfuns'kd] m0 iz0 y[kuÅA

¼2½ vij iqfyl egkfuns'kd] leLr tksu] m0 iz0A

¼3½ iqfyl egkfujh{kd@mi egkfujh{kd] leLr ifj{ks=] m0 iz0

¼4½ ofj"B Ikqfyl v/kh{kd@iqfyl v/kh{kd] leLr tuin]m0 iz0A

vkKk ls]

g0 viBuh;

¼vouh'k dqekj voLFkh½

vij eq[; lfpoA

ifj’kkfUr dk;e j[kus ds mn~ns’; ls n.M izfdz;k lafgrk] 1973 ds

v/khu /kkjk 107@116@151 ds rgr dk;Zdkjh eftLV ª sV dks izkIr 'kfDr;ksa

ds fdz;kUou ds fo"k; es fn’kk&funsZ’k%&

vius vf/kdkfjrk {ks= ds vUrxZr ifj’kkfUr dk;e j[kus ds fy, ,sls O;fDr;ksa]

ftuls ifj’kkfUr Hkax gksus vFkok yksd iz’kkfUr fo{kqC/k gksus dh lEHkkouk gS] ds f[kykQ

fujks/kd dk;Zokfg;ka fd;s tkus gsrq n.M izfd;k lafgrk] 1973 ds vURkxZr dk;Zdkjh eftLVªsV

dks ;FkkfufnZ"V vf/kdkj fn;s x;s gS rFkk bldh iwjh izfdz;k dk fof/kor~ mYys[k Hkh fd;k

x;k gS] rFkkfi ;nkdnk ,sls n`"VkUr lkeus vkrs gS ftuls ;g vkHkkflr gksrk gS fd

lEcfU/kr dk;Zdkjh eftLVªsV us fcuk U;kf;d efLr"d dk iz;ksx fd;s vkns’k ikfjr fd;k gS

vFkok fu/kkZfjr izfdz;k dk leqfpr vuqikyu ugh fd;k gSA ,sls gh ,d izdj.k ¼fdzfeuy

fjV fiVh’ku la[;k& 16386@2020] f’kodqekj oekZ ,oa vU; cuke m0 iz0 jkT; ,oa vU;]

vkns’k fnukad 02-02-2021½ esa ek0 mPp U;k;ky;] bykgkckn us lEcfU/kr dk;Zdkjh eftLVªsV

}kjk fuxZr vkns’kksa dks lE;d~ u ekurs gq, ,d mfpr dk;Ziz.kkyh ¼Mechanism½

fodflr fd;s tkus rFkk ;Fkksfpr fn’kk&funsZ’k fuxZr fd;s tkus dk vkns’k fn;k gSA

'kkafr O;oLFkk o yksd iz’kkafr cuk;s j[kus ds mn~ns’; ls fujks/kd dk;Zokfg;ksa ds

fo"k; es n.M izfdz;k lafgrk] 1973 ds vUrxZr dk;Zdkjh eftLVªsV dh vf/kdkfjrk ,oa izfdz;k

dk fof/kor~ mYys[k fd;k x;k gSA vko’;drk bl ckr dh gS fd dk;Zdkjh eftLVªsV }kjk

11

vius U;kf;d efLr"d dk iz;ksx djrs gq, ,oa fu/kkZfjr izfdz;k dk vuqikyu djrs gq,

izR;sd Lrj ij eq[kfjr ¼speaking½ vkns’k ikfjr fd, tk;saA fujks/kd dk;Zokfg;ksa ds

fo"k; esa n.M izfdz;k lafgrk] 1973 esa mYysf[kr lqlaxr izko/kku ,oa muds fo"k; esa visf{kr

ekxZZ&funZs’k fuEuor~ tkjh fd, tk jgs gS %&

1&/kkjk&107&¼ifj’kkfUr dk;e j[kus ds fy, izfrHkwfr½ ds fo"k; esa&

bl fo"k; esa n.M izfdz;k lafgrk es eq[; izko/kku fuEuor~ gSa&

tc fdlh dk;Zikyd eftLVªsV dks bfRryk feyrh gS fd lEHkkO;

gS fd mlds vf/kdkfjrk {ks= esa dksbZ O;fDr ifj’kkfUr Hkax djsxk ;k yksd

iz’kkfUr fo{kqC/k djsxk ;k dksbZ ,slk lnks"k dk;Z djsxk ftlls LkEHkkO;r%

ifj’kkfUr Hkax gks tk,xh ;k yksd iz’kkfUr fo{kqC/k gks tk,xh rc ;fn

mldh jk; esa dk;Zokgh djus ds fy, Ik;kZIr vk/kkj gS rks og] ,sls O;fDr

ls blesa blds i’pkr~ micfU/kr jhfr ls vis{kk dj ldrk gS fd og

dkj.k nf’kZr djs fd ,d o"kZ ls vuf/kd dh bruh vof/k ds fy,] ftruh

eftLVªsV fu;r djuk Bhd le>s] ifj’kkfUr dk;e j[kus ds fy, mls

izfrHkqvksa lfgr ;k jfgr cU/k i= fu"ikfnr djus ds fy, vkns’k D;kas u

fn;k tk,A

/kkjk & 151& laKs; vijk/kksa dk fd;k tkuk jksdus ds fy, fxjQrkjh ds

fOk"k; esa izko/kku fuEuor~ gS &

(1) dksbZ iqfyl vf/kdkjh ftls fdlh laKs; vijk/k djus dh ifjdYiuk dk

irk gS] ,slh ifjdYiuk djus okys O;fDr dks eftLVªsV ds vkns’kksa ds

fcuk vkSj okj.V ds fcuk ml n’kk esa fxjQrkj dj ldrk gS] ftlesa

,sls vf/kdkjh dks izrhr gksrk gS fd ml vijk/k dk fd;k tkuk vU;Fkk

ugha jksdk tk ldrkA

(2) mi/kkjk ¼1½ ds v/khu fxjQ~rkj fd, x, fdlh O;fDr dks mldh

fxjQrkjh ds le; ls pkSchl ?k.Vs dh vof/k ls vf/kd ds fy,

vfHkj{kk esa ml n’kk ds flok; fu#) ugh j[kk tk,xk ftlesa mldk

vkSj vkxs fu#) j[kk tkuk bl lafgr ds ;k rRle; izo`Rr fdlh vU;

fof/k ds fdUgh vU; micU/kks ds v/khu visf{kr ;k izkf/kd`r gSA

mijksDr nksuks /kkjkvksa ds vUrxZr LFkkuh; iqfyl vFkok vU; izkf/kdkjh }

kjk dk;Zdkjh eftLV ª sV dks bfRryk fn;s tkus ¼pkykuh fjiksVZ½ ds fo"k; es

fuEuor~ fn’kk&funsZ’k fn;s tkrs gS &

➢ 107@151 lhvkjihlh dh pkykuh fjiksVZ fizUVsM izksQkekZ ij fjfDr dks Hkjrs gq,

¼filling the blanks½ izsf"kr u fd;k tk, vfirq izR;sd izdj.k dh esfjV dks nf’kZr djrs

gq, eq[kfjr vk[;k Hksth tk,A

➢ izR;sd ekeys es fookn ls lecfU/kr iw.kZ] lqLi"V ,oa rF;kRed fooj.k ¼lqfopkfjr

dkj.kksa lfgr½ vafdr dh tk,A ;g Hkh Li"V fd;k tk, fd vkjksih O;fDr ;k O;fDr;ksa ls

'kkafr Hkax dh laHkkouk fdl vk/kkj ij gSA

➢ izR;sd pkykuh fjiksVZ ds lkFk izdj.k ls lEcfU/kr vko’;d izi=] tSls izkFkZuk

i=] ,ulhvkj dh izfr bR;kfn vo’; layXu fd;s tk,A

➢ izR;sd pkykuh fjiksVZ ;fn fdlh pkSdh izHkkjh vFkok mi fujh{kd }kjk rS;kj dh

tkrh gS rks ml ij lEcfU/kr izHkkjh fujh{kd@Fkkuk/;{k }kjk ijh{k.k dj viuh Li"V ,oa

rF;kRed fVIi.kh vafdr djus ds mijkUr gh vfxze dk;Zokgh gsrq izsf"kr dh tk,A

➢ ;fn 107@116 dh pkykuh fjiksVZ ds lkFk vkjksih O;fDr dks n.M izfdz;k lafgrk dh

/kkjk&151 ds rgr fxjQrkj dj eftLVªsV ds le{k izLrqr Hkh fd;k tk jgk gS rks ,slh

12

fLFkfr esa pkykuh fjiksVZ es fof’k"V #i ls ;g Li"V fd;k tkuk vko’;d gS fd fdl laKs;

vijk/k dks dkfjr djus gsrq vkjksih O;fDr izo`Rr Fkk] ftls vU;Fkk ugh jksdk tk ldrk Fkk

vkSj jksdus ds fy, mls fxjQrkj fd;k tkuk vko’;d FkkA

2& /kkjk&111& ¼izkajfHkd vkns’k@uksfVl½ ds fo"k; esa &

bl fo"k; es n.M izfdz;k lafgrk esa eq[; izko/kku fuEuor~ gS &

tc dksbZ eftLVªsV] /kkjk 107] /kkjk 108] /kkjk 109] ;k /kkjk

110 ds v/khu dk;Z dj jgk gS] ;g vko’;d le>rk gS fd fdlh O;fDr ls

vis{kk dh tk, fd og ml /kkjk ds v/khu dkj.k nf’kZr djs rc og

eftLVªsV izkIr bfRryk dk lkj] ml cU/ki= dh jde] tks fu"ikfnr fd;k

tkuk gS] og vof/k ftlds og izorZu esa jgsxk vkSj izfrHkqvksa dh ¼;fn

dksbZ gks½ visf{kr la[;k] izdkj vkSj oxZ crkrs gq, fyf[kr vkns’k nsxkA

bl lEcU/k esa fuEuor~ fn’kk&funsZ’k fuxZr fd, tkrs gS &

➢ dk;Zdkjh eftLVªsV dks Hkyh Hkakfr ;g laKkfur gksuk vko’;d gS fd ml /kkjk ds

vUrxZr fuxZr vkns’k ,d izkjfEHkd vkns’k gS ftlds }kjk vkjksih O;fDr dks dkj.k nf’kZr

djus ds fy, lalwfpr fd;k tkrk gS fd mlds }kjk 'kkafrHkax djus vFkok yksd iz’kkafr

fo{kqC/k djus dh laHkkouk dks ns[krs gq, 'kkafr O;oLFkk cuk;s j[kus ds mn~ns’; ls ,d

fuf’pr vof/k gsrq D;ksa u cU/ki= ¼izfrHkw lfgr@ izfrHkw jfgr½ izLrqr djus gsrq vkns’k fn;s

tk,A

➢ bl /kkjk ds v/khu vkjksih dks vUrfje vFkok vafre #i ls cfU/kr ugh fd;k tk

ldrkA bl izkjafHkd vkns’k ds ckn vko’;d tkap@lk{; ladyu ds i’pkr~ gh esfjV ij

vkns’k fuxZr fd;k tkuk mfpr gSA fof’k"V@vkikfrd ifjfLFkfr esa ;fn tkap@lk{;

ladyu dh vof/k esa Hkh vkjksih O;fDr }kjk 'kkafr Hkax fd, tkus dh laHkkouk gks vkSj

eftLVªsV dks bl vk’k; dk lek/kku gks rks tkap dh vof/k rd fy, varfje #i ls

/kkjk&116¼3½ ds rgr cU/ki=@izfrHkw izLrqr djus gsrq vkns’k fn;k tk ldrk gSA ijUrq

fdlh Hkh n’kk esa /kkjk&111 ds izkjafHkd vkns’k esa gh cU/ki=@tekur ds fo"k; esa varfje ;k

vafre vkns’k ugh fn;k tkuk pkfg,] blh izdkj /kkjk&116¼3½ ds vUrxZr varfje ikcUnh

vkns’k] /kkjk&111 ds vUrxZr izkjafHkd vkns’k tkjh fd, fcuk ugh fd;k tkuk pkfg,A

➢ bls Nis&Nik;s izksQkekZ ij fuxZr ugh fd;k tkuk pkfg, vfirq ,d

fyf[kr@Vafdr’kqnk o eq[kfjr vkns’k fuxZr fd;k tkuk pkfg,A

➢ izkjafHkd vkns’k esa bfRryk dk lzksr ,oa bfRryk ds lkj dk mYys[k vo’; fd;k

tk,A lkj 'kCn ls vk’k; gS fd bfRryk ds egRoiw.kZ va’kks dk fupksM+ mYysf[kr gksuk pkfg,]

rkRi;Z ;g gS fd uksfVl es bl ckr dk mYys[k gksuk pkfg, fd fdu vk/kkjksa ij fdlh

O;fDr dks ikcUn djus dk izLrko gS] ftlls og budk mRrj ns ldsA

➢ dk;Zdkjh eftLVªsV ls visf{kr gS fd oks izkjafHkd vkns’k esa] mUgsa nh x;h bfRryk esa

vafdr rF; ,oa fooj.k ds izfr viuk lek/kku vo’; vafdr djsaA

➢ izkjafHkd vkns’k esa cU/ki= dh /kujkf’k ,oa vof/k dk Li"V mYys[k gksuk pkfg, ¼;g

vof/k /kkjk&107@108@109 ds izdj.k esa ,d o"kZ ls vf/kd ugh gksxh rFkk /kkjk&110 ds

izdj.k esa rhu o"kZ ls vf/kd ugha gksxhA½

➢ ;fn eftLVªsV dks ;g lek/kku gksrk gS fd cU/ki= ds lkFk izfrHkw fy;k tkuk Hkh

vko’;d gS rks /kkjk&111 ds vUrxZr fuxZr izkjafHkd vkns’k esa gh izfrHkw dh la[;k] izd`fr

rFkk oxZ ¼Number, character and class of sureties½ dk Li"V mYys[k fd;k

tkuk pkfg,A

3- /kkjk 112]113]114]115 ls lEcfU/kr izko/kku ,oa fn’kk&funsZ’k&

bu /kkjkvks esa mfYyf[kr izko/kku Lor% Li"V gS] rFkkfi bl fo"k; esa dfri; rF; Li"V

13

fd;k tkuk vko’;d gS] ;Fkk fd &

➢ ;fn ;g O;fDr ftlds ckjs es izkjafHkd vkns’k fn;k x;k gS] U;k;ky; esa mifLFkr gS

rks mls i<+dj lquk;k tk,xk vkSj ;fn og ,slk pkgs rks mldk lkj Hkh mls le>k;k

tk,xkA

➢;fn ,slk O;fDr U;k;ky; es mifLFkr ugh gS rks eftLVªsV mlls gkftj gksus dh

vis{kk djrs gq, leu tkjh djsxkA

➢;fn ,slk O;fDr vfHkj{kk esa gS rc og ftl vf/kdkjh dh vfHkj{kk esa gS ml

vf/kdkjh dks] mls U;k;ky; ds le{k ykus dk funsZ’k nsrs gq, okjUV tkjh djsxkA

➢ ;fn izkIr bfRryk ls eftLVªsV dks bl ckr dk lek/kku gS] fd vkjksih O;fDr }kjk

ifj’kkafr Hkax gksus ds Ik;kZIr dkj.k gS vkSj vkjksih O;fDr dh rqjUr fxjQrkjh ds fcuk ,sls

ifj’kkafr Hkax djus dk fuokj.k ugh fd;k tk ldrk gS] rc eftLVªsV mldh fxjQrkjh ds

fy, fdlh le; okj.V tkjh dj ldrk gSA

➢,sls izR;sd leu@okj.V ds lkFk /kkjk&111 ds v/khu fn;s x;s izkjafHkd vkns’k dh

izfr layXu fd;k tkuk rFkk vkjksih ij rkehyk djk;k tkuk vko’;d gksxkA

➢ Ik;kZIr vk/kkj o lek/kku gksus ij eftLVªsV vkjksih O;fDr dks oS;fDrd gkftjh ls

eqfDr ns ldrk gS vkSj tfj, vf/koDrk@IyhMj gkftj gksus gsrq vkns’k ns ldrk gSA

4&/kkjk&116&dk;Zdkjh eftLV ª sV dks izkIr bfRRkyk dh lPpkbZ ds ckjsa tkap &

bl fo"k; esa n.M izfdz;k lafgrk esa eq[; izko/kku fuEuor~ gSa &

(1) tc /kkjk 111 ds v/khu vkns’k fdlh O;fDr dks] tks U;k;ky; es

mifLFkr gS] /kkjk 112 ds v/khu i<dj lquk ;k le>k fn;k x;k gS vFkok

tc dksbZ O;fDr /kkjk 113 ds v/khu tkjh fd, x, leu ;k okj.V ds

vuqikyu ;k fu"iknu es eftLVªsV ds le{k gkftj gS ;k yk;k x;k gS rc

eftLVªsV ml bfRryk dh lPpkbZ ds ckjs esa tkap djus ds fy, vxzlj

gksxk ftlds vk/kkj ij og dk;Zokgh dh xbZ gS vkSj ,slk vfrfjDr lk{;

ys ldrk gS tks mls vko’;d izrhr gksA

(2) ,slh tkap ;Fkklk/;] ml jhfr ls dh tk,xh tks leu&ekeyksa ds

fopkj.k vkSj lk{; ds vfHkys[ku ds fy, blesa blds i’pkr~ fofgr gSA

(3) mi/kkjk ¼1½ ds v/khu tkap izkjEHk gksus ds i’pkr~ vkSj mldh lekfIr

ls iwoZ ;fn eftLVªsV le>rk gS fd ifj’kkfUr Hkax dk ;k yksd iz’kkafr

fo{kqC/k gksus dk ;k fdlh vijk/k ds fd, tkus dk fuokj.k djus ds

fy,] ;k yksd lqj{kk ds fy, rqjUr mik; djus vko’;d gSa] rks og ,sls

dkj.kksa ls] ftUgsa ys[kc) fd;k tk,xk] ml O;fDr dks] ftlds ckjs esa

/kkjk 111 ds v/khu vkns’k fn;k x;k gS] funZs’k ns ldrk gS fd og tkap

lekIr gksus rd ifj’kkafr dk;e j[kus vkSj lnkpkj cus jgus ds fy,

izfrHkqvksa lfgr ;k fgr cU/k i= fu"ikfnr dj vkSj tc rd ,slk cU/ki=

fu"ikfnr ugha dj fn;k tkrk gS] ;k fu"iknu esa O;frdze gksus dh n’kk es

tc rd tkap lekIr ugh gks tkrh gS] mls vfHkj{kk esa fu#) j[k ldrk

gS]

ijUrq &

¼d½ fdlh ,sls O;fDr dks] ftlds fo#) /kkjk 108] /kkjk 109 ;k /kkjk 110

ds v/khu dk;Zokgh ugha dh tk jgh gS] lnkpkjh cus jgus ds fy, cU/ki=

fu"ikfnr djus ds fy, funZs’k ugh fn;k tk,xk]

14

¼[k½ ,sls cU/ki= dh 'krasZ] pkgs os mldh jde ds ckjs esa gks] ;k izfrHkq

miyC/k djkus ds ;k mudh la[;k ds] ;k muds nkf;Ro dh /ku lEcU/kh

lhek ds ckjs esa gks] muls vf/kd nqHkZj u gksaxh tks /kkjk 111 ds v/khu

vkns’k esa fofufnZ"V gSaA

bl fo"k; esa fuEuor~ fn’kk&funsZ’k fn;s tkrs gS &

➢ fcuk /kkjk&111 ds rgr izkajfHkd vkns’k fuxZr fd,] /kkjk&116 ds rgr tkap

rFkk /kkjk&116¼3½ ds rgr ikcUnh dk vkns’k ugha fd;k tkuk pkfg,A

➢ /kkjk&116 ds v/khu dh tkus okyh tkap ,d iw.kZ U;kf;d tkap gSA bl tkap esa

U;kf;d dk;Zokgh dh leLr vkSipkfjdrkvksa dk vuqikyu fd;k tkuk pkfg,A ;FkklaHko

vkjksfir i{k ds lkeus gh lk{; vfHkfyf[kr fd;k tkuk pkfg, rFkk xokgksa dks foi{kh ls

ftjg djus dk volj fn;k tkuk pkfg,A

➢ /kkjk&116¼3½ eftLVªsV dks bl ckr ds fy, leFkZ djrh gS fd og foi{kh dks tkap

iw.kZ gksus rd varfje cU/ki= ¼izfrHkw lfgr ;k izfrHkw jfgr½ izLrqr djus dh vis{kk dj lds]

ij ;g rHkh fd;k tkuk pkfg, tc 'kkafr O;oLFkk dk;e j[kus gsrq rqjUr mik; vko’;d

gks] dk;Zokgh djus ds dkj.k vfHkfyf[kr fd, x, gksa] varfje cU/ki= ekaxus ds iwoZ tkap dj

yh x;h gks rFkk /kkjk & 111 esa ;Fkksfpr izkjafHkd vkns’k ikfjr dj fn;k x;k gksA

➢ ^^rqjUr mik;^^ ls vk’kf;r gS fd tc ifj’kkafr Hkax gksus dk] ;k yksd iz’kkafr ds

fo{kqC/k gksus dk ;k vijk/k fd, tkus dk fuokj.k djus ds fy, ;k yksd lqj{kk ds fy, rqjUr

mik; vko’;d gSA ;g rc rd ykxw gksxk tc vkjksih O;fDr vfHkj{kk esa ugh gS vkSj fcuk

cU/ki= ds LorU= jgus ij yksd lqj{kk bR;kfn ds fy, [krjk jgrk gSA

➢eftLVªsV ls vis{kk gS fd /kkjk&116¼3½ ds rgr vkns’k djus ls iwoZ /kkjk&107 dh

dk;Zokgh ds fy, nh x;h lwpuk dh lR;rk ds ckjs esa tkap djsA lkFk gh eftLVªsV dks

dk;Zokgh dk U;k;ksfpr dkj.k vfHkfyf[kr djuk Hkh visf{kr gSA

➢ /kkjk&116¼3½ ds rgr eftLVªsV dks varfje cU/ki= nkf[ky djus dk vkns’k vius

U;kf;d efLr"d dk iz;ksx dj vius lek/kku dks vafdr djrs gq, djuk pkfg,A

➢ /kkjk&111 o /kkjk&116¼3½ nks i`Fkd mn~ns';ksa ds fy, fofgr dh xbZ gSA vr%

eftLVªsV dks /kkjk&111 o /kkjk&116¼3½ ds v/khu la;qDr vkns'k ugha djuk pkfg,A

➢ bl /kkjk ds v/khu tkWap] mlds vkjaHk gksus dh rkjh[k ls N% ekl dh vof/k ds vanj

iwjh dh tk,xh] ysfdu ;fn eftLVªsV blds fy, fo'ks"k dkj.k ikrk gS rks viuk lek/kku

vafdr djrs gq, bl vof/k esa o`f) dj ldrk gSA ;fn ,slk fof'k"V vkns'k ugha fd;k x;k

gS rks N% ekg dh vof/k ds ckn /kkjk&107 dh dk;Zokgh Lor% lekIr gks tk;sxhA ,d ckj

,slh tkWap lekIr gksus ij eftLVªsV dks bl dk;Zokgh dks Lor% iqu%thfor (Revive) ugha

djuk pkfg,A

➢ ;fn vkjksih O;fDr tkWap yfEcr jgus ds nkSjku fu:) j[kk x;k gS rks mlds fo:)

fdlh Hkh fLFkfr esa tkWp dh vof/k ifjlhek esa o`f) djus ds fy, eftLVªsV l'kDr ugha

gSA ,sls O;fDr ds fo:) dk;Zokgh 6 ekg dh vof/k dh lekfIr ij i;Zoflr gks tk;sxhA

➢ cU/ki= dh /kujkf'k ,oa izfrHkw dk oxZ] izdkj o la[;k mlls vf/kd ugha gks ldrh

ftruh /kkjk&111 ds izkjafHkd vkns'k esa fyf[kr gSA

5&/kkjk&117&¼xq.k&nks"k ij cU/ki=@izfrHkwfr nsus dk vkns'k½ ds fo"k; esa

izko/kku ,oa fn'kk&funsZ'k &

;fn xq.k&nks"k ij lquokbZ@ tkWap ls ;g lkfcr gks tkrk gS fd ;FkkfLFkfr ifj'kkafr cuk,

j[kus ds fy, ;k lnkpkj cuk, j[kus ds fy, ;g vko';d gS fd og O;fDr ftlds ckjs esa

tkWap dh xbZ gS] izfrHkwvksa lfgr ;k jfgr cU/ki= fu"ikfnr djs rks eftLVªsV fuEu

lko/kfu;kWa cjrrs gq, vkns'k tkjh djsxk&

➢ fdlh O;fDr dks ml izdkj ls fHkUu izdkj dh ;k ml /kujkf'k ls vf/kd /kujkf'k

dh ;k ml vof/k ls nh?kZ vof/k ds fy, vkns'k ugha fd;k tk,xk tks /kkjk&111 ds v/khu

fn;s x;s izkjafHkad vkns'k esa mfYyf[kr gSA mnkgj.kFkZ ;fn /kkjk&111 dh uksfVl esa izfrHkwfr

ugha ekaxh x;h gS rks varfje vkns'k esa Hkh cU/ki= izfrHkwfr lfgr fu"ikfnr djus dk vkns'k

15

ugha fn;k tk ldrk gSA

➢ izR;sd cU/ki= dh /kujkf'k ekeys ds xq.kkoxq.k o ifjfLFkfr;ksa dk lE;d /;ku j[krs

gq, fu;r dh tkuh pkfg,A blh izdkj izfrHkwfr foi{kh ds lk/ku rFkk mlds thou Lrj dks

n`f"Vxr j[krs gq, nkf[ky djus dk vkns'k fn;k tkuk pkfg,A

➢ ;fn vkjksih vo;Ld gks rks cU/ki= mlds izfrHkwvksa }kjk fu"ikfnr fd;k tk,xkA

6&/kkjk&118 ¼vkjksih O;fDr ds mUekspu ds fo"k; esa½ izko/kku ,oa

fn'kk&funsZ'k&

;fn /kkjk&116 ds v/khu tkWp ij ;g lkfcr ugha gksrk gS] fd ;FkkfLFkfr

ifj'kkafr dk;e j[kus vFkok lnkpkj cuk, j[kus ds fy, vkjksih O;fDr

cU/ki= fu"ikfnr djs rks eftLVsV vfHkys[k essa bl vk'k; dh izfof"V djrs

gq,] ;fn vkjksih O;fDr dsoy ml tkWp ds iz;kstuksa ds gh fy, vfHkj{kk

esa gS rks mls NksM+ nsxk vkSj ;fn vfHkj{kk esa ugha gS rks mls mUeksfpr dj

nsxkA

bl fo"k; esa fuEuor~ ekxZfunsZ'k fn;s tkrs gSa&

➢ bl /kkjk ds v/khu iznRr 'kfDr;k¡ U;kf;d gSa vkSj mudk iz;ksx U;kf;d :i ls gh

gksuk pkfg, vFkkZr 118 ds v/khu vkns'k ikfjr djus ds fy, /kkjk&111] 112 o 116 esa

fofgr izfdz;k dk vuqikyu fd;k tkuk rFkk xq.kkoxq.k ij ikfjr vafre vkns'k esa ldkj.k

vfHkdFku fy[kk tkuk vko';d gSA

➢ eftLVªsV dks i'pkr~orhZ ?kVukvksa dks laKku esaa ysus dh 'kfDr izkIr gSA ;fn vfHkys[k

ij miyC/k lkexzh ls nf'kZr gksrk gS fd ;|fi ,d le; 'kkafr Hkax gksus dh lEHkkouk Fkh

rFkkfi~ i'pkr~orhZ ?kVukvksa ls 'kkafrHkax dk [krjk lekIr gks x;k gS] rks U;k;ky; dk;Zokgh

lekIr dj ldrk gS vkSj mu O;fDr;ksa dks mUeksfpr dj ldrk gS ftuds fo:) dk;Zokgh

dh xbZ gSA

7& /kkjk&120&cU/ki= dh vUroZLrq,a ,oa leigj.k (forfeiture) ds

fo"k; esa izko/kku ,oa fn'kk&funsZ'k&

vkjksih O;fDr }kjk fu"ikfnr fd;k tkus okyk cU/ki= mls] ;FkkfLFkfr] ifj'kkafr]

dk;e j[kus ;k lnkpkjh jgus ds fy, vkc) djsxk vkSj ckn dh n'kk esa dkjkokl ls

n.Muh; dks vijk/k djuk ;k djus dk iz;Ru ;k nq"iszj.k djuk] ¼pkgs og dgha Hkh fd;k

tk,½ cU/ki= dk Hkax gSA

mDr fLFkfr esa eftLVªsV dks cU/ki= leiâr (forfeit) djus dk vf/kdkj izkIr gSA ,sls esa

eftLVªsV ls fuEu lko/kkfu;k¡ visf{kr gSa&

➢ ifj'kkafr dk;e j[kus ds fy, cU/ki= fu"ikfnr djus okys O;fDr ds fo:)

leigj.k dh dk;Zokgh dsoy ,sls vijk/kksa dks dkfjr djus ls gks ldrh gS ftlds ftlds

ifj.kke Lo:i ifj'kkafr Hkax dh lEHkkouk gSA

➢ lnkpkjh cuk jgus ds fy, fu"ikfnr cU/ki= dks fu"iknh }kjk fdlh Hkh vijk/k

dks djus ij leiâr fd;k tk ldrk gSA blds fy, ;g vko';d ugha gS fd vijk/k ,slk

gks tks ifj'kkafr Hkax djus ds lEHkkO; dh dksfV esa vkrk gksA

➢ cU/ki= ds Hkax ij leigj.k dh dk;Zokgh /kkjk&446 esa mfYyf[kr izko/kkuksa ds vuqlkj dh

tk;sxhA

➢ ;fn fdlh O;fDr dk ifj'kkafr dk;e j[kus ds fy, fu"ikfnr cU/ki=] ifj'kkafr dks

Hkax djus okys vijk/k esa nks"kfl) gksus ij leiâr gksrk gS rks mls cU/ki= dh 'ks"k

vuoflr vof/k ds fy, dkjkxkj esa ugh Hkstk tk ldrk] mlls dsoy leiâr cU/ki= dh

jde olwy dh tk ldrh gSA

16

➢ cU/ki= dks leiâr djus rFkk jde olwyh ds vkns'k ls iwoZ cU/ki= ds fu"iknh dks

dkj.k crkvks uksfVl fn;k tkuk vko';d gSA

➢ leigj.k dh dk;Zokgh iz/kku rFkk mlds izfrHkw] nksuksa ij ykxw gksxhA

8&/kkjk&121&izfrHkqvksa dks vLohdkj djus dh 'kfDr&

bl fo"k; esa n.M izfdz;k lafgrk esa eq[; izko/kku fuEuor~ gSa&

¼1½ eftLVªsV fdlh is'k fd, x, izfrHkw dks Lohdkj djus ls bUdkj

dj ldrk gS ;k vius }kjk] ;k vius iwoZorhZ }kjk] bl v/;k; ds v/khu

igys Lohdkj fd, x, fdlh izfrHkw dks bl vk/kkj ij vLohdkj dj

ldrk gS fd ,slk izfrHkw cU/ki= ds iz;kstuksa ds fy, vuqi;qDr gS%&

ijUrq fdlh ,sls izfrHkw dks bl izdkj Lohdkj djus ls bUdkj

djus ;k mls vLohdkj djus ds igys og izfrHkw dh mi;qDrrk ds ckjs

esa ;k rks Lo;a 'kiFk ij tkWp djsxk ;k vius v/khuLFk eftLVªsV ls ,slh

tkWap vkSj mlds ckjs esa fjiksVZ djok,xkA

¼2½ ,slk eftLVªsV tkWp djus ds igys izfrHkw dks vkSj ,sls O;fDr

dks] ftlus og izfrHkw is'k fd;k gS] mfpr lwpuk nsxk vkSj tkWp djus

esa vius lkeus fn, x, lk{; ds lkj dkss vfHkfyf[kr djsxkA

¼3½ ;fn eftLVªsV dks vius le{k ;k mi/kkjk ¼1½ ds v/khu

izfrfu;qDr eftLVªsV ds le{k ,sls fn, x, lk{; ij vkSj ,sls eftLVªsV

dh fjiksVZ ij ¼;fn dksbZ gks½] fopkj djus ds i'pkr~ lek/kku gks tkrk gS

fd og izfrHkw cU/ki= ds iz;kstuksa ds fy, vuqi;qDr O;fDr gS rks og ml

izfrHkw dks] ;FkkfLFkfr] Lohdkj djus ls bUdkj ;k mls vLohdkj djus dk

vkns'k djsxk vkSj ,slk djus ds fy, vius dkj.k vfHkfyf[kr djsxk%&

ijUrq fdlh izfrHkw dks] tks igys Lohdkj fd;k tk pqdk gS]

vLohdkj djus dk vkns'k nsus ds igys eftLVªsV viuk leu ;k okkj.V]

ftls og Bhd le>s] tkjh djsxk vkSj ml O;fDr dks] ftlds fy, izfrHkw

vkc) gS] vius le{k gkftj djk,xk ;k cqyok,xkA

bl fo"k; esa fuEuor~ fn'kk&funsZ'k fn, tkrs gSa&

➢eftLVsªV /kkjk&121 ds rgr izLrqr izfrHkwfr;ksa dks ukeatwj dj ldrk gS] fdUrq

mls ,slk rHkh djuk pkfg,] tcfd mlus vko';d tkWp dj yh gks vkSj ukeatwj

djus ds vius dkj.kksa vkSj lk{; dks vfHkfyf[kr dj fy;k gksA

➢fdlh izfrHkw dks dsoy iqfyl fjiksVZ ds vk/kkj ij rFkk fcuk tkWp fd, ukeatwj

djuk U;k;ksfpr ugha gSA

➢izfrHkw dh mi;qDrrk dk iz'u eftLVsªV }kjk U;kf;d tkWp ds ckn r; fd;k tkuk

pkfg, dsoy ;g rF; fd izfrHkw vfHk;qDr ij i;kZIr fu;a=.k ugha j[k ik;sxk] Lo;a

esa fdlh HkwfrHkw dks vLohd`r djus dk dkj.k ugha gksuk pkfg,A

➢cU/ki= ds iz;kstu ds fy, fdlh izfrHkw dh vuqi;qDrrk dsoy foRrh; vuqi;qDrrk

rd gh lhfer ugha gksuh pkfg,A

9&/kkjk&122&izfrHkwfr nsus esa O;fDrdze gksus ij dkjkokl&

bl fo"k; esa n.M izfdz;k lafgrk esa eq[; izko/kku fuEuor~ gSa&

¼1½ ¼d½ ;fn dksbZ O;fDr] ftls /kkjk 106 ;k 117 ds v/khu izfrHkw

nsus ds fy, vkns'k fn;k x;k gS] ,slh izfrHkwfr ml rkjh[k dks ;k ml

rkjh[k ds iwoZ] ftldks og vof/k] ftlds fy, ,slh izfrHkwfr nh tkuh gS]

izkjEHk gksrh gS] ugha nsrk gS] rks og blesa blds i'pkr~ Bhd vkxs of.kZr

n'kk ds flok; dkjkxkj esa Hkst fn;k tk,xk vFkok ;fn og igys ls gh

dkjkxkj esa gS rks og dkjkxkj esa rd rd fu:) j[kk tk;sxk tc rd

,slh vof/k lekIr u gks tk, ;k tc rd ,slh vof/k ds Hkhrj og ml

17

U;k;ky; ;k eftLVsªV dks izfrHkwfr ns ns ftlus mldh vis{kk djus okyk

vkns'k fn;k FkkA

¼[k½ ;fn fdlh O;fDr }kjk /kkjk 117 ds v/khu eftLVsªV ds

vkns'k ds vuqlj.k esa ifj'kkfUr cuk, j[kus ds fy, izfrHkwvksa lfgr ;k

jfgr cU/ki= fu"ikfnr dj fn, tkus ds i'pkr~] mlds ckjs esa ,sls

eftLVsªV ;k mlds in&mRrjorhZ dks lek/kkuizzn :i eas ;g lkfcr dj

fn;k tkrk gS fd mlus cU/ki= dk Hkax fd;k gS rks ,slk eftLVsªV ;k

in&mRrjorhZ] ,sls lcwr ds vk/kkjksa dks ys[kc) djus ds i'pkr~ vkns'k

dj ldrk gS fd ml O;fDr dks fxj¶rkj fd;k tk, vkSj cU/ki= dh vof/k

dh lekfIr rd dkjkxkj esa fu:) j[kk tk, rFkk ,slk vkns'k ,sls fdlh

vU; n.M ;k leigj.k ij izfrdwy izHkko ugha Mkysxk ftlls fd mDr

fof/k ds vuqlkj nkf;Rok/khu gksA

¼2½ tc ,sls O;fDr dks ,d o"kZ ls vf/kd dh vof/k ds fy, izfrHkw

nsus dk vkns'k eftLVsªV }kjk fn;k x;k gS] rc ;fn ,slk O;fDr

;FkkiwoksZDr izfrHkwfr ugha nsrk rks og eftLVsªV ;g funsZ'k nsrs gq, okj.V

tkjh djsxk fd las'ku U;k;ky; dk vkns'k gksus rd] og O;fDr dkjkxkj esa

fu:) j[kk tk, vkSj og dk;Zokgh lqfo/kkuqlkj 'kh?kz ,sls U;k;ky; ds

le{k j[kh tk,sxhA

¼3½ ,slk U;k;ky; ,slh dk;Zokgh dh ijh{kk djus ds vkSj ml

eftLVsªV ls fdlh vkSj bfRryk ;k lk{; dh] ftls og vko';d le>s]

vis{kk djus ds i'pkr~ vkSj lEc) O;fDr dks lqus tkus dk mfpr volj

nsus ds i'pkr~ ekeys esa ,sls vkns'k ikfjr dj ldrk gS tks og Bhd

le>sA

ijUrq og vof/k ¼;fn dksbZ gks½ ftlds fy, dksbZ O;fDr izfrHkwfr

nsus esa vlQy jgus ds dkj.k dkjkokflr fd;k tkrk gS] rhu o"kZ ls

vf/kd dh u gksxhA

;|fi mDr izko/kku ,oa blesa mYysf[kr izfdz;k lqLi"V gS rFkkfi orZeku

ifjn`'; esa bls ljyhd`r djrs gq, fuEuor~ fn'kk funsZ'k fuxZr fd, tk

jgs gSa %&

➢tc eftLVsªV vkjksfir O;fDr dks izfrHkwfr nkf[ky djus dk vkns'k nsrk gS rks blesa

fuEu rhu rF;ksa dk lekos'ku vfuok;Zr% fd;k tkuk pkfg,&

¼d½ izfrHkwfr dh vof/kA

¼[k½ vof/k ds izkjEHk gksus dh rkjh[kA

¼x½ rkjh[k] tc rd izfrHkwfr nh tkuh gSA

;fn ,sls vkns'k esa vof/k izkjEHk gksus dh rkjh[k fofufnZ"V ugha dh x;h gS rks

,slh =qfV dks ,d u;k vkns'k ikfjr djds lq/kkjk tk ldrk gSA

➢/kkjk&122 dsoy mlh fLFkfr esa ykxw gksrh gS tc vafre fu;r rkjh[k rd izfrHkwfr

nkf[ky ugha dh x;h gSA ;fn izfrHkwfr nkf[ky dj nh x;h gS rks ;g /kkjk ykxw ugha

gksxhA

➢;fn dksbZ O;fDr] ftlds fo:) dkjkokl dks vkns'k fn;k x;k gS] izfrHkwfr nkf[ky

dj nsrk rks mls rqjUr fjgk dj fn;k tk,xkA

➢/kkjk&107 ds v/khu ifj'kkafr dk;e j[kus ds fy, rFkk /kkjk&108 ds v/khu lnkpkj

ds fy, izfrHkwfr nsus esa vlQyrk ds dkj.k dkjkokl lnSo lknk ¼lJe ugha½ gksxk]

fdUrq tgkWa dk;Zokgh /kkjk&109 ;k /kkjk&110 ds v/khu dh x;h gS] ogkWa dkjkokl

izR;sd ekeys esa lEcfU/kr eftLVsªV ;k U;k;ky; ds Lofoosdkuqlkj lknk ;k dBksj

gksxkA ¼;|fi dBksj dkjkokl dk vkns'k nsuk eftLVsªV ds Lofoosd ij fuHkZj gS]

fdUrq mls vius vkns'k esa dkj.k nsus pkfg, fd og dBksj dkjkokl dk vkns'k D;ksa

dj jgk gS½

18

10&/kkjk&123&¼izfrHkwfr nsus esa vlQyrk ds dkj.k dkjkokflr O;fDr;ksa

dks NksM+us dh 'kfDr½ ds fo"k; esa izko/kku ,oa fn'kk&funsZ'k&

blds vUrxZr /kkjk 117 ds v/khu fdlh dk;Zikyd eftLVsªV }kjk ikfjr fdlh

vkns'k ds ekeys esa ftyk eftLVsªV ;k fdlh vU; ekeys esa eq[; U;kf;d eftLVsªV dks

vf/kdkj fn;k x;k gS fd og izfrHkwfr nsus esa vlQy jgus ds dkj.k dkjkokflr O;fDr dks

mUeksfpr fd;s tkus ;k izfrHkwfr dh jde@izfrHkqvksa dh la[;k @vof/k dks] ftlds fy,

izfrHkwfr dh vis{kk dh x;h gS] de fd;s tkus gsrq vkns'k ns ldrk gSA

;g iw.kZr% eq[; U;kf;d eftLVsªV vFkok ftyk eftLVsªV ds Lofoosd ij gS fd

og fdu ifjfLFkfr;ksa esa bl /kkjk ds v/khu dk;Zokgh djsA

11&/kkjk&124 ¼cU/ki= dh 'ks"k vof/k ds fy, cU/ki=½ ds fo"k; eas

aizko/kku ,oa fn'kk&funsZ'k&

¼1½ tc og O;fDr] ftldh gkftjh ds fy, /kkjk 121 dh mi/kkjk ¼3½ ds ijUrqd

ds v/khu ;k /kkjk 123 dh mi/kkjk ¼10½ ds v/khu leu ;k okj.V tkjh fd;k

x;k gS] eftLVsªV ;k U;k;ky; ds le{k gkftj gksrk gS ;k yk;k ykrk gS rc

og eftLVsªV ;k U;k;ky; ,sls O;fDr }kjk fu"ikfnr cU/ki= dks jn~n dj nsxk

vkSj ml O;fDr dks ,sls cU/ki= dh vof/k ds 'ks"k Hkkx ds fy, mlh HkkWfr dh]

tSlh ewy izfrHkwfr Fkh] ubZ izfrHkwfr nsus ds vkns'k nsxkA

¼2½ ,slk izR;sd vkns'k /kkjk&120 ls /kkjk&123 rd dh /kkjkvksa ds ¼ftlds vUrxZr

;s nksuksa /kkjk,Wa Hkh gaSA½ iz;kstuksa ds fy,] ;FkkfLFkfr] /kkjk&106 ;k /kkjk&117 ds

v/khu fn;k x;k vkns'k le>k tk,xkA

12& Hkkjr ds lafo/kku ds vuqPNsn&21 dk mYya?ku djrs gq;s fdlh

O;fDr dh voS/k fgjklr fd;s tkus ds fy, mRrjnk;h vf/kdkjh ds fo:)

n.MkRed dk;Zokgh ,oa ihfM+r O;fDr dks eqvkots ds Hkqxrku ds laca/k esa

fn'kk&funsZ'k&

¼1½ Hkkjr ds lafo/kku ds vuqPNsn&21 dk mYya?ku djrs gq;s fdlh

O;fDr dh voS/k fgjklr fd;s tkus ds fy, vuq'kklfud

izkf/kdkjh }kjk tkap esa nks"kh ik;s tkus ij mRrjnk;h vf/kdkjh ds

fo:) m0iz0 ljdkjh lsod ¼vuq'kklu ,oa vihy½ fu;ekoyh]

1999] fn vky bafM;k lfoZlst ¼fMflIyhu ,aM vihy½ :Yl]

1969 ,oa m0iz0 v/khuLFk Js.kh ds iqfyl vf/kdkfj;ksa dh ¼n.M vkSj

vihy½ fu;ekoyh] 1991 ¼;Fkk la'kksf/kr½ esa laxr fu;eksa ds

varxZr n.MkRed dk;Zokgh dh tk;sxhA

¼2½ vuq'kklfud izkf/kdkjh }kjk viuh tkap fjiksVZ 03 ekg esa vFkok laxr

fu;ekoyh esa ;Fkk mfYyf[kr le;kuqlkj izLrqr dh tk;sxhA

¼3½ ;fn fdlh ukxfjd dh voS/k :i ls fgjklr izekf.kr ik;h tkrh

gS rks ihfM+r O;fDr dks :0&25]000@ dh /kujkf'k dk Hkqxrku

eqvkots ds :i esa fd;k tk;sxkA

bl lEcU/k esa leLr ftyk eftLVsªV] mlds v/khuLFk leLr dk;Zikyd

eftLVsªV~l rFkk fo'ks"k dk;Zikyd eftLVsªV~l ls ;g vis{kk dh tkrh gS fd n.M izfØ;k

lafgrk esa mUgsa iznRr dh x;h 'kfDr;kWa] muds {ks=kf/kdkj esa 'kkafr O;oLFkk ,oa yksd iz'kkafr

cuk;s j[kus ds fy, gSA vr% budk ikyu lnSo xq.k&nks"k ds vk/kkj ij ;qfDr;qDr U;kf;d

19

efLr"d dk iz;ksx djrs gq,] fof/k ,oa fu/kkZfjr izfØ;k ds vuqlkj fd;k tk,] rkfd vketu

dks lafo/kku ls izkIr ekSfyd vf/kdkj lajf{kr jgsaA

d`i;k mDr fn'kk&funZs'kksa dk l[rh ls vuqikyu lqqfu'pr fd;k tk,A

g0viBuh;

¼vouh'k dqekj voLFkh½

vij eq[; lfpoA

18. In the case of Lucknow Development Authority Vs.

M.K. Gupta (1994) 1 SCC 243 (Paras 8, 10, 11 and 12 Hon'ble

Supreme Court observed that under our Constitution Sovereignty vest in

the people. Every limb of the constitutional machinery is obliged to be

people oriented. No functionary in exercise of statutory power can claim

immunity, except to the extent protected by the statute itself. Public

authorities acting in violation of constitutional or statutory provisions

oppressively are accountable for their behaviour before authorities created

under the statute like the commission or the courts entrusted with

responsibility of maintaining the rule of law.

19. An ordinary citizen or a common man is hardly equipped to

match the might of the State or its instrumentalities. The servants of the

government are also the servants of the people and the use of their power

must always be subordinate to their duty of service. A public functionary

if he acts maliciously or oppressively and the exercise of power results in

harassment and agony then it is not an exercise of power but its abuse. No

law provides protection against it. He who is responsible for it must suffer

it. But when it arises due to arbitrary or capricious behaviour then it loses

its individual character and assumes social significance. Harassment of a

common man by public authorities is socially abhorring and legally

impermissible. It may harm him personally but the injury to society is far

more grievous. Nothing is more damaging than the feeling of

20

helplessness. An ordinary citizen instead of complaining and fighting

succumbs to the pressure of undesirable functioning in offices instead of

standing against it. Therefore, the award of compensation for harassment

by public authorities not only compensates the individual, satisfies him

personally but helps in curing social evil.

20. In a modern society no authority can arrogate to itself the power

to act in a manner which is arbitrary. It is unfortunate that matters which

require immediate attention linger on and the man in the street is made to

run from one end to other with no result. Even in ordinary matters a

common man who has neither the political backing nor the financial

strength to match the inaction in public oriented departments gets

frustrated which erodes the credibility in the system. Where it is found

that exercise of discretion was mala fide and the complainant is entitled to

compensation for mental and physical harassment then the officer can no

more claim to be under protective cover. The test of permissive form of

grant is over. It is now imperative and implicit in the exercise of power

that it should be for the sake of society. It is the tax payers' money which

is paid for inaction of those who are entrusted under the Act to discharge

their duties in accordance with law.

21. Once it is found by the competent authority that a complainant

is entitled for compensation for inaction of those who are entrusted under

the Act to discharge their duties in accordance with law, then payment of

the amount may be made to the complainant from the public fund

immediately but it may be recovered from those who are found

responsible for such unparadonable behaviour. This legal position is

reflected from the law laid down by the Apex Court in Lucknow

Development Authority's case (supra). In the said case it was

further observed by the Apex Court that the Administrative law of

accountability of public authorities or their arbitrary and even ultra vires

21

actions has taken many strides and it is now accepted both by this Court

and English Courts that State is liable to compensate for loss or injury

suffered by a citizen due to arbitrary action of its employees.

22. The legal principles as enumerated in foregoing paragraphs

Nos. 18, 19, 20 & 21 also finds support of the law laid down by

Hon'ble Courts in the case of Lucknow Development Authority

(supra); Jay Laxmi Salt Works (P) Ltd. Vs. State of Gujarat

(1994) 4 SCC 1; N. Nagendra Rao & Co. Vs. State of A.P.

(1994) 6 SCC 205; State of Maharashtra and others Vs.

Kanchanmala Vijaysing Shirke and others (1995) 5 SCC 659;

Chief Conservator of Forests and another (1996) 2 SCC 293;

S.P. Goel vs Collector Of Stamps, Delhi (1996) 1 SCC 573;

Common Cause A. Registered Society Vs. Union of India JT

1999 (5) SC 237: AIR 1999 SC 2979; Shiv Sagar Tiwari Vs.

Union of India and others (1996) 6 SCC 558; Chairman,

Railway Board and others Vs. Chandrima Das (Mrs.) and

others (2000) 2 SCC 465; State of A.P. Vs. Challa

Ramkrishna Reddy and others (2000) 5 SCC 712; Research

Foundation for Science (10) Vs. Union of India (2005) 13

SCC 659; M.C. Mehta Vs. Union of India and Others (2006)

3 SCC 399; Union of India Vs. Prabhakaran Vijaya Kumar

and others (2008) 9 SCC 527; Action Committee, Unaided

Private Schools and others Vs. Director of Education, Delhi

and others (2009) 10 SCC; Delhi Jal Board Vs. National

Campaign for Dignity and Rights of Sewerage and Allied

Workers and others (2011) 8 SCC 568; Municipal Corporation

of Delhi, Delhi Vs. Uphaar Tragedy Victims Association and

others (2011) 14 SCC 481.

22

Action by the State Government

23. We record our appreciation for the State Government to take the

aforequoted policy decision dated 23.03.2021 for payment of

compensation of Rs.25,000/- for illegal detention of any citizen by any

Officer of the State Government and initiation of disciplinary proceedings

against such officer. Since the State Government itself has taken a policy

decision and has paid compensation to the petitioners herein, therefore, no

further direction for payment of compensation is required to be issued in

the present writ petition.

24. In view of the aforesaid, this writ petition is disposed of with

the following directions :-

(i)The State Government shall ensure that the provisions of the

Cr.P.C. as referred in the policy decision dated 23.03.2021 are strictly

followed/observed by all the concerned officers.

(ii)The State Government shall further ensure that paragraph 12 of

the policy decision dated 23.03.2021 is strictly implemented, which at the

cost of repetition is reproduced below:

¼1½ Hkkjr ds lafo/kku ds vuqPNsn&21 dk mYya?ku djrs gq;s fdlh

O;fDr dh voS/k fgjklr fd;s tkus ds fy, vuq'kklfud izkf/kdkjh }kjk

tkap esa nks"kh ik;s tkus ij mRrjnk;h vf/kdkjh ds fo:) m0iz0 ljdkjh

lsod ¼vuq'kklu ,oa vihy½ fu;ekoyh] 1999] fn vky bafM;k lfoZlst ¼fMflIyhu ,aM

vihy½ :Yl] 1969 ,oa m0iz0 v/khuLFk Js.kh ds iqfyl vf/kdkfj;ksa dh ¼n.M vkSj

vihy½ fu;ekoyh] 1991 ¼;Fkk la'kksf/kr½ esa laxr fu;eksa ds varxZr n.MkRed

dk;Zokgh dh tk;sxhA

¼2½ vuq'kklfud izkf/kdkjh }kjk viuh tkap fjiksVZ 03 ekg esa vFkok laxr

fu;ekoyh esa ;Fkk mfYyf[kr le;kuqlkj izLrqr dh tk;sxhA

¼3½ ;fn fdlh ukxfjd dh voS/k :i ls fgjklr izekf.kr ik;h tkrh

gS rks ihfM+r O;fDr dks :0&25]000@ dh /kujkf'k dk Hkqxrku eqvkots ds

:i esa fd;k tk;sxkA

23

(iii)The State Government shall publish Para 12 of its Policy

decision dated 23.03.2021 in all largely circulated National Level

Newspaper having circulation in the State of Uttar Pradesh and shall also

display it on display board at prominent places within public view, in all

blocks, Tehsil Headquarters, Police Stations and in campus of District

Collectorate in the whole of the State of Uttar Pradesh.

(iv)Copy of this order shall be sent by the State Government to all

District level and Tehsil level Bar Associations in the whole of the State

of Uttar Pradesh.

25. Let a copy of this order be sent by the Registrar General of this

Court to the Chief Secretary of the State of Uttar Pradesh and the

Additional Chief Secretary, Home, for strict compliance.

Order Date :- 11.06.2021/vkg