As per case facts, the Petitioner, initially discharged in a corruption case, later faced adverse remarks and directions from the Trial Court to investigate him further for a challan, despite ...
CRM-M-12260-2022
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IN THE HIGH COURT OF PUNJAB AND HARYANA AT
CHANDIGARH
(269)
CRM-M-12260-2022 (O & M)
Reserved on :14.11.2025
Date of Pronouncement: 18.11.2025
Uploaded on 19.11.2025
Daya Kishan Sharma .... Petitioner
V/s
State of Haryana and anr. ...Respondents
CORAM: HON’BLE MR. JUSTICE JASJIT SINGH BEDI
Present: Mr. Gautam Dutt, Sr. Advocate,
with Ms. Radhika Mehta, Advocate,
for the petitioner.
Mr. Vipul Sherwal, AAG, Haryana.
Mr. Sudhanshu Sikka, Advocate,
for respondent No.2 (Through V.C.).
*****
JASJIT SINGH BEDI,
J. (Oral)
The prayer in the present petitions under Section 482 Cr.P.C. is
for setting aside the portion of judgment/direction contained in Para 27 of
the judgment dated 24.02.2022 passed by the Additional Sessions Judge,
Gurugram (Annexure P-5) in Sessions Case No.38 of 2018 (CIS
No.PC/16/2018), FIR No.42 dated 07.09.2015 under Section 7 of the
Prevention of Corruption Act, 1988 later on charges framed under Sections
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417, 420 IPC and Section 9 of the Prevention of Corruption Act, PS State
Vigilance Bureau, Gurugram whereby while convicting co-accused under
Section 9 of the Prevention of Corruption Act, 1988, the Presiding Officer
issued direction to the Director General of Police, Vigilance, Panchkula to
look into the matter for submitting challan against the present petitioner after
completing requisite formalities.
2. The brief facts of the case are that FIR No.42 dated 07.09.2015
under Section 7 of the Prevention of Corruption Act, 1988 (later on charges
framed under Sections 417, 420 IPC and Section 9 of the Prevention of
Corruption Act) came to be registered at Police Station State Vigilance
Bureau, Gurgaon at the instance of Jitender Kathuria.
3. After conducting the investigation, the prosecution filed an
application for the discharge of the petitioner. Based on the said application,
the Court of the Additional Sessions Judge, Gurugram vide order dated
19.04.2016 ordered the discharge of the petitioner.
4. During the course of the Trial, the statement of the complainant
was recorded and he was also cross-examined. At that stage, the Public
Prosecutor moved an application to summon the petitioner as an additional
accused. The said application was dismissed vide order dated 02.08.2019
passed by the Additional Sessions Judge, Gurugram
by recording the
following observations:-
4. Arguments advanced by learned PP assisted by learned
counsel for complainant have been heard and file has been
perused intrinsically and ultimately, this Court finds that prima
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facie, there is no sufficient evidence available on the file to
summon D.K Sharma, who is named in the application as
accused to face trial along with co-accused who is already
appearing in the Court because the prosecution has examined
the complainant Jitender as PW1 but during the cross
examination, he has turned hostile and has stated that he had
never visited the premises of the accused i.e. Shivam
Consultancy, Sector 15, prior to 04.09.2015 and Mr.Puran
Khanna accused was not known to him. This witness has further
stated that on he said date, Sh. D.K Sharma, did not meet him
in the office and someone in the office had suggested him to
visit the office of Shivam Consultancy. Since during cross
examination, the complainant has resiled from his earlier
statement, hence on the request of Ld. PP, he had been declared
hostile and as such, he had been cross examined by Ld. PP as
well.
5. After recording the statement of the complainant, Ld. PP has
moved an application under sect0ion 319 Cr.P.C for summoning
additional accused D.K Sharma FSO Gurugram. However,
perusal of the case file reveals that complainant has not uttered
even a single word against aforersaid D.K Sharma FSO and
present application has been moved by ld. PP on the basis of
averments made by the complainant in his statement recorded
under Section 164 Cr.P.C,. While deciding the application
under Section 319 Cr.P.C, the court is required to take into
consideration the statement made by complainant in the court
wherein no word has been uttered by him against the present
accused.
CRM-M-12260-2022
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5. On the conclusion of the Trial, while co-accused Puran Khanna
was held to be guilty under Section 9 of the Prevention of Corruption Act,
the same Court that had dismissed the application seeking summoning of the
petitioner under Section 319 Cr.P.C. observed that a great sin had been
committed in declaring the petitioner innocent when he, in fact, was the
main accused and the Director General of Police, Vigilance, Panchkula was
directed to look into the submission of the challan against the petitioner after
completing the requisite formalities. A copy of the judgment dated
24.02.2022 is attached as Annexure P-5 to the petition. The relevant Para 27
thereof is reproduced as under:-
27. In view of the aforementioned facts sand circumstances, it is
established that the prosecution has been able to prove the guilt of
the accused beyond reasonable doubt. Accordingly, accused Puran
Khanna is held guilty under Section 9 of the Prevention of
Corruption Act, 1988. He be taken into custody. The case is now
adjourned to 04.03.2022 for hearing the accused/convict on the
quantum of sentence under section 235(2) Cr.P.C.
This judgment is being concluded with the note that police
authorities have committed great sin by declaring D.K.Sharma as
innocent as he was the main culprit in this case and accused facing
trial namely Puran Khanna was only his conduit and as such,
Director General of Police, Vigilance, Panchkula is directed to look
into the matter for submitting the challan against D.K Sharma after
completing requisite formalities. Copy of this judgment be sent to
Director General of Police, Vigilance, Panchkula through proper
channel.
CRM-M-12260-2022
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6. The directions issued in Para 27 of the aforementioned
judgment (Annexure P-5) are under challenge in the present petition.
7. The learned Senior counsel for the petitioner contends that the
petitioner was initially discharged by the Trial Court. During the course of
the Trial, an application under Section 319 Cr.P.C. was moved to summon
the petitioner as an additional accused which application came to be
dismissed by the Trial Court. However, the same Court that had dismissed
the application to summon the petitioner as an additional accused under
Section 319 Cr.P.C. has passed the impugned directions while convicting the
co-accused. He contends that the directions issued to submit a challan are in
violation of High Court Rules Chapter 1 Part H Rule 6. He contends that the
remarks have been made against the petitioner without following the
principle of audi alteram partem inasmuch as the petitioner was required to
be heard before the said directions were issued. Reliance is placed in the
judgments in ‘State of Punjab and anr versus M/s Shikha Trading Co.,
2023 (136) CutLT 739, State (Govt. of NCT of Delhi) versus Pankaj
Chaudhary and others, 2019(5) RCR (Criminal), Astha Modi versus State
of Haryana and another, (CRM-M-38422-2019 decided on 08.11.2023),
Dr. Mrs. Naresh Saini versus State of Haryana and another, (CRM-M-
22310-2014 decided on 29.08.2017) and Veer Singh DSP versus State of
Haryana with State of Haryana versus Hans Raj Rathi (bearing CRM-M
No.15604 of 2022 & CRM-M No.53510 of 2023 decided on 30.09.2025)’.
He, therefore, contends that the present petition ought to be allowed and the
CRM-M-12260-2022
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impugned directions issued in Para 27 of the judgment dated 24.02.2022
(Annexure P-5) are liable to be quashed.
8. The learned counsel for the respondent-State alongwith the
counsel for respondent No.2 have not disputed the factual aspect as also the
legal principles as set-out in the preceding paragraphs.
9. I have heard the learned counsel for the parties.
10. Before proceeding further, it would be apposite to examine The
High Court Rules & Order Volume III (Chapter 1 Part H Rule 6) which reads
as under:-
“6. Criticism on the conduct of police and other officers:-It is
undesirable for Courts to make remarks censuring the action of
police Officers unless such remarks are strictly relevant to the
case. It is to be observed that the Police have great difficulties
to contend with in this country, chiefly because they receive
little sympathy or assistance from the people in their efforts to
detect crime. Nothing can be more disheartening to them than
to find that when they have worked up a case, they are regarded
with distrust by the courts; that the smallest irregularity is
magnified into a grave misconduct and that every allegation of
ill-usage is readily accepted as true. That such allegations may
sometimes be true it is impossible to deny but on a closer
scrutiny they are generally found to be far more often false.
There should not be an over-alacrity on the part of Judicial
Officer to believe anything and everything against the police;
but if it be proved that the police have manufactured evidence
by extorting confessions or tutoring witnesses they can hardly
be too severely punished. Whenever a Magistrate finds it
necessary to make any criticism on the work and conduct of any
Government servant he should send a copy of his judgment to
CRM-M-12260-2022
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the District Magistrate who will forward a copy of it to the
Registrar, High Court, accompanied by a covering letter giving
in reference to the Home Secretary's circular letter No. 920-J-
36/14753, dated the 15th April, 1936. Similarly, Sessions
Judges shall also send a copy of their judgment containing
criticism of the work and conduct of police officers to the
District Magistrate. They shall also send a copy of the judgment
direct to the High Court accompanied by a covering letter
giving reference to the High Court circular letter No. 1585-
Gaz./XXXI-2, dated the 14th February, 1936”.
11. The judgments referred to by the learned Senior counsel are
discussed hereunder:-
The Hon’ble Supreme Court of India in ‘State of Punjab and
anr versus M/s Shikha Trading Co., 2023 (136) CutLT 739’, held as
under:-
14. Further, we notice the directions of the High Court
not to be in the light of settled principles of law, for the
order does not qualify the tests laid down by this Court in
State of UP v. Mohammad Naim AIR 1964 SC 703 (four-
Judge Bench), in regards to passing remarks against a
person, whose conduct is being scrutinised before them
i.e., “whether the party whose conduct is in question is
before the Court or has an opportunity of explaining or
defending himself; whether there is evidence on record
bearing on that conduct, justifying the remarks; whether
it is necessary for the decision of the case, as an integral
part thereof, to animadvert on that conduct.”
CRM-M-12260-2022
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15. These principles stand reiterated and followed in
various judgments such as R.K. Lakshmanan v. A.K.
Srinivasan (1975) 2 SCC 466 (three-Judge Bench); S.K.
Viswambaran v. E. Koyakunju (1987) (two- Judge
Bench); Samya Seet v. Shambhu Sarkar (2005) 6 SCC
767 (three-Judge Bench); State of Madhya Pradesh v.
Narmada Bachao Andolan (2011) 12 SCC 689 (three-
Judge Bench) and K. G. Shanti v. United Indian
Insurance Co. Ltd and Ors (2021) 5 SCC 511 (two-Judge
Bench).
16. It is apparent from record that, neither was the officer
made party to the dispute, nor was he given an
opportunity to show cause, and further, nothing on record
reflected the officer holding an animus against the
respondent, before such adverse directions were passed
against him.
17. By way of this appeal, we have been asked to exercise
powers, inherent in this Court, to expunge remarks
reproduced supra against the said officer, from record. It
would be appropriate to consider the various principles
in respect of passing adverse remarks against an officer-
be it judicial, civil (as in the present case) or police or
army personnel, and expunction thereof.
18. The three principles laid down in Naim (supra) deal
with what is required of the court, prior to, finding it fit to
pass adverse remarks.
18.1 It has been reasserted time and again that remarks
adverse in nature, should not be passed in ordinary
circumstances, or unless absolutely necessary which is
CRM-M-12260-2022
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further qualified by, being necessary for proper
adjudication of the case at hand[8*].
[8* Niranjan Patnaik v. Sashibhusan Kar (1986) 2
SCC 569, two-Judge Bench; Abani Kanta Ray v.
State of Orissa (1995) Supp (4) SCC 169, two-
Judge bench; A.M. Mathur v. Pramod Kumar
Gupta (1990) 2 SCC 533; two-Judge Bench]
18.2 Remarks by a court should at all times be governed
by the principles of justice, fair play and restraint[9*].
Words employed should reflect sobriety, moderation and
reserve[10*].
[9* Shivajirao Nilangekar Patil v. Mahesh Madhav
Gosavi, (1987) 1 SCC 227; three-Judge Bench]
[10* K.G. Shanti (supra)]
18.3 It should not be lost sight of and per contra, always
be remembered that such remarks, “due to the great
power vested in our robes, have the ability to jeopardize
and compromise independence of judges”; and may
“deter officers and various personnel in carrying out
their duty”. It further flows therefrom that “adverse
remarks, of serious nature, upon the character and/ or
professional competence of a person should not be passed
lightly”[11*].
[11* E. Koyakunju (supra)]
19. Keeping the above principles in mind, the power to
expunge remarks may be exercised by the High Court and
this Court: –
19.1 With great caution and circumspection, since it is an
undefined power[12*];
[12* Dr. Raghubir Saran v. State of Bihar, AIR
1964 SC 1; two-Judge Bench]
CRM-M-12260-2022
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19.2 Only to remedy a flagrant abuse of power which has
been made by passing comments that are likely to cause
harm or prejudice[13*];
[13* Dr. Raghbir Saran (supra)]
19.3 In respect of High Courts exercising such power, it
has been observed:
19.3.1 The High Court, as the Supreme Court of
revision, must be deemed to have power to see that
courts below do not unjustly and without any lawful
excuse take away the character of a party or of a
witness or of a counsel before it [14*].
[14* Panchanan Banerji v. Upendra Nath
Bhattacharji (AIR 1927 All 193, as referred to
in Sashibhusan Kar (supra)]
19.3.2 Though in the context of Judicial officers, this
Court has observed that “The role of High Court is
also of a friend, philosopher and guide of judiciary
subordinate to it. The strength of power is not
displayed solely in cracking a whip on errors,
mistakes or failures; the power should be so wielded
as to have propensity to prevent and to ensure
exclusion of repetition if committed once innocently
or unwittingly. “Pardon the error but not its
repetition”. This principle would apply equally for
all services. The power to control is not to be
exercised solely by wielding a teacher's cane[15*]-
[16*].
CRM-M-12260-2022
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[15* Manu Sharma v. State (NCT of Delhi),
2010 6 SCC 1; two-Judge Bench]
[16* ‘K’ A Judicial Officer (supra)]
20. The impugned directions issued by the High
Court in registration of criminal investigation
against an officer, unquestionably against the above-
referred settled principles of law, having a
demoralizing effect on the well-meaning officers of
the State. It is clear that the impugned directions
were passed upon an incorrect and erroneous
appreciation of the record. 21. Consequent to the
above discussion, we find it a fit case to, in
accordance with the principles summarised
hereinabove, expunge the observation made and the
directions issued by the High Court extracted supra
(para 5) vide impugned order dated 08.12.2010 in
CWP No. 19909 of 2010 titled as M/s Shikha
Trading Co. v. The State of Punjab and anr. Further,
proceedings initiated, if any, pursuant thereto,
including the FIR shall stand closed with immediate
effect.
The Hon’ble Supreme Court in ‘State (Govt. of NCT of
Delhi) versus Pankaj Chaudhary and others, 2019(5) RCR (Criminal)
133’, held as under:-
42. By perusal of the impugned judgment of the
High Court, we find that the High Court has not
recorded a finding that "it is expedient in the interest
of justice to initiate an inquiry into the offences
CRM-M-12260-2022
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punishable under Sections 193 and 195 IPC against
the police officials and under Section 211 IPC
against the prosecutrix". Without affording an
opportunity of hearing to the police officials and
based on the materials produced before the
appellate court, the High Court, in our view, was not
right in issuing direction to the Registrar General to
lodge a complaint against the police officials and
the said direction is liable to be set aside.
43. The High Court erred in brushing aside the
evidence of the prosecutrix by substituting its views
on the basis of submissions made on the sequence of
events in FIR No.558/97 and the report of the Joint
Commissioner of Police (Ex.-DW6/A) and the report
of the Deputy Commissioner of Police. The High
Court erred in taking into consideration the
materials produced before the appellate court viz.,
the alleged complaints made against the prosecutrix
and other women alleging that they were engaged in
prostitution. Even assuming that the prosecutrix was
of easy virtue, she has a right of refuse to submit
herself to sexual intercourse to anyone. The
judgment of the High Court reversing the verdict of
conviction under Section 376(2)(g) recorded by the
trial court cannot be sustained and is liable to be set
aside.
44. For the conviction under Section 376(2)(g) IPC,
the accused shall be punished with rigorous
imprisonment for a term which shall not be less than
CRM-M-12260-2022
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ten years, but which may be extended to
imprisonment for life. After the amendment by Act
13 of 2013 (with retrospective effect from
03.02.2013), the minimum sentence of ten years was
increased to twenty years as per Section 376-D and
in the case of conviction, the court has no discretion
but to impose the sentence of minimum twenty years.
However, prior to amendment, proviso to Section
376(2) IPC provided a discretion to the court that
"the court may, for adequate and special reasons to
be mentioned in the judgment, impose a sentence of
imprisonment for a term of less than ten years."
Though the court is vested with the discretion, in the
facts and circumstances of the case, we are not
inclined to exercise our discretion in reducing the
sentence of imprisonment of ten years imposed upon
the respondents-accused.
45. In the result, the impugned judgment of the High
Court is set aside and the appeal preferred by the
State is allowed. The verdict of conviction of
accused-respondent Nos.1 to 4 (CA No.2299/2009)
30 under Section 376(2)(g) IPC and also the
sentence of imprisonment of ten years imposed upon
them is affirmed. The respondents-accused Nos.1 to
4 shall surrender themselves within a period of four
weeks from today to serve the remaining sentence,
failing which they shall be taken into custody. We
place on record the valuable assistance rendered by
the counsel Mr. Praveen Chaturvedi who has been
nominated by the Supreme Court Legal Services
CRM-M-12260-2022
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Committee to argue on behalf of the
respondents/accused.
This Court in the case of ‘Astha Modi versus State of
Haryana and another, (CRM-M-38422-2019 decided on 08.11.2023)’
has held as under:-
9. Examination of the impugned order shows that
after noting the affidavit filed by the petitioner,
learned Sessions Judge has failed to follow the
settled procedure of calling upon the petitioner,
whose work and conduct is under scrutiny. She is not
a party to the proceedings, no notice has been issued
to her to explain nor has she been afforded with any
opportunity of hearing before damning her. The
Sessions Court has not adhered to tests laid down by
the Apex Court and has made adverse remarks
against the petitioner's conduct, which are
unwarranted and uncalled for. This Court, therefore,
has no hesitation in coming to the conclusion that
the remarks recorded by the Sessions Court, deserve
to be expunged.
10. Accordingly, the castigating remarks recorded by
the Sessions Judge in order dated 27.09.2018,
Annexure P-7, against the petitioner are expunged
from the record and they shall not be taken into
consideration for any intent or purpose.
CRM-M-12260-2022
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This Court in ‘Dr. Mrs. Naresh Saini versus State of
Haryana and another, (CRM-M-22310-2014 decided on 29.08.2017)’,
held as under:-
Upon hearing learned counsel for the rival parties, I
find that the remarks have been made by the trial
Court, in Para 56 of its judgement, which read
thus:-
"56. As sequel to above discussion, it is held
that the prosecution has miserably failed to
prove its case on any of the points with
cogent, and reliable evidence beyond the
shadow of doubt, rather, the defence of the
accused that he has been falsely implicated by
PW11 in collusion with then CMO, by
manipulating and concocting all the
proceedings of trap and arrest of the accused
for this crime is proved to be well founded and
thus also goes to prove that it is a case of false
implication with malafide intention and thus a
fit case where the accused is entitled for
acquittal without any blemish whatsoever and
thus stands acquitted accordingly. His bail
bonds stands discharged. As far as the plea
raised by defence counsel that PW-11 along
with all the guilty to brought to books for this
case, is concerned, since the outcome of this
judgment leads to multifarious actions against
so many persons, the accused is at liberty to
initiate whatever action he wants or can
approach the court of law for the same as per
the procedure provided under the law and this
Court refrains itself to do so at this stage,
though it goes without saying that it is fit case
where criminal action is required to be
initiated against all involved in this malicious
prosecution of the accused. File be consigned
to record room”.
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The record nowhere shows that the learned Special Judge
had given a show-cause notice or called for explanation
of the petitioner before making the remarks against her, in
Para 56 of its judgement above. It is a well settled legal
position that no person can be condemned unheard.
Therefore, the rule of audi alteram patrem must be
followed. Perusal of Para 56 above and the entire
judgment nowhere show that the petitioner was at all
given a notice of hearing before making disparaging
remarks against her. The nature of remarks are such that
are bound to effect the petitioner in her career and
society. After all, the trial Court ought to have considered
that the petitioner has been occupying the position of a
CMO in a Government organization and cannot be
condemned in the manner that has been done that too
without hearing her. In that view of the matter, this
petition must succeed.
To sum up, this petition must be allowed. Remarks made
against the petitioner, in Para 56 of judgment dated
23.03.2012 passed by Additional Sessions Judge-cum-
Special Judge, Karnal are ordered to be deleted”.
This Court in ‘Veer Singh DSP versus State of Haryana with
State of Haryana versus Hans Raj Rathi (bearing CRM-M No.15604 of
2022 & CRM-M No.53510 of 2023 decided on 30.09.2025)’, held as
under:-
16. A perusal of The High Court Rules (Chapter 1 Part
H Rule 6) (supra) would show that if the conduct of
police officers and other officers is to be criticized or any
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action is to be taken against an officer, then the
procedure mentioned in Rule 6 is to be followed i.e. a
copy of the judgment is required to be sent to District
Magistrate who would forward it to the Registrar, High
Court, accompanied by a covering letter given in
reference to the Home Secretary’s Circular dated
15.04.1936. No such procedure had been followed in the
instant case and the Trial Court while convicting the
accused directed the submission of a challan against the
petitioner and other officials and for completion of the
proceedings within 02 months. This procedure followed
by the Trial Court is unknown to law.
17. Further, a perusal of the judgment in State of
Punjab and anr. Versus M/s Shikha Trading Co. (supra),
State (Govt. of NCT of Delhi) versus Pankaj Chaudhary
and ors. (supra), Astha Modi versus State of Haryana and
another (supra) and Dr. Mrs. Naresh Saini versus State of
Haryana and another (supra) would show that prior to
the taking of any action against any official, he must be
given an opportunity of hearing to explain his position.
The same having not been done in the instant case would
render the proceedings initiated against the petitioner and
others nugatory.
18. Even otherwise, if the Trial Court during the course
of the Trial of the co-accused had come to a conclusion
that the petitioner and others ought to have faced Trial as
well, Section 193 Cr.P.C. could have been resorted to at
the time of taking cognizance against the co-accused and
Section 319 Cr.P.C. could have been resorted to when the
prosecution evidence was being recorded. None of these
procedures were adopted by the Trial Court.
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19. In view of the aforementioned discussion, the
directions issued in Para 28 of the judgment dated
23.02.2022 passed by the Additional Sessions Judge,
Gurugram (Annexure P-9) and all other consequential
proceedings arising therefrom stand quashed qua the
petitioner.
11. A perusal of The High Court Rules & Order Volume III
(Chapter 1 Part H Rule 6) (supra) would show that if the conduct of
police officers and other officers is to be criticized or any action is to be
taken against an officer, then the procedure mentioned in Rule 6 is to be
followed i.e. a copy of the judgment is required to be sent to the District
Magistrate who would forward it to the Registrar, High Court,
accompanied by a covering letter given in reference to the Home
Secretary’s Circular dated 15.04.1936. No such procedure had been
followed in the instant case and the Trial Court while convicting the co-
accused directed the submission of a challan against the petitioner. This
procedure followed by the Trial Court is unknown to law.
12. Further, a perusal of the judgment in State of Punjab and
anr. Versus M/s Shikha Trading Co. (supra), State (Govt. of NCT of
Delhi) versus Pankaj Chaudhary and ors. (supra), Astha Modi versus
State of Haryana and another (supra), Dr. Mrs. Naresh Saini versus
State of Haryana and another (supra) and Veer Singh DSP versus
State of Haryana with State of Haryana versus Hans Raj Rathi
(supra) would show that prior to the taking of any action against any
CRM-M-12260-2022
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official, he must be given an opportunity of hearing to explain his
position. The same not having been done in the instant case would
render the proceedings initiated against the petitioner nugatory.
13. Even otherwise in the instant case, the Trial Court during
the course of the Trial had dismissed the application under Section 319
Cr.P.C. to summon the petitioner as an additional accused. Once the
same very Court had dismissed the said application, he ought not to
have issued the directions in Para 27 of the judgment dated 24.02.2022
(Annexure P-5) which have been impugned in the present petition.
14. In view of the aforementioned discussion, the directions
issued in Para 27 of the judgment dated 24.02.2022 (Annexure P-5)
passed by the Additional Sessions Judge, Gurugram and all other
consequential proceedings arising therefrom stand quashed qua the
petitioner.
15. The present petitions stand disposed of in the above terms.
16. The pending application(s), if any, shall stand disposed of
accordingly.
( JASJIT SINGH BEDI)
November 18, 2025 JUDGE
sukhpreet
Whether speaking/reasoned Yes/No
Whether reportable Yes/No
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