[2026:RJ-JP:4433-DB]
HIGH COURT OF JUDICATURE FOR RAJASTHAN
BENCH AT JAIPUR
D.B. Criminal Appeal No. 736/2003
Krishan Murari S/o Madan Lal R/o Layaphal, Thana - Khanpur
Dist. Jhalawar (Raj.)
----Appellant-Accused
Versus
The State of Rajasthan
----Respondent
For Appellant(s) : Mr. Rinesh Gupta with
Mr. Sarwat Alam,
Mr. Ashutosh Singh Naruka and
Ms. Chandrakala Sahu
For Respondent(s) : Mr. Jitendra Singh Shekhawat, PP with
Ms. Neha Goyal
HON'BLE MR. JUSTICE MAHENDAR KUMAR GOYAL
HON'BLE MR. JUSTICE CHANDRA PRAKASH SHRIMALI
Judgment
1.Arguments Concluded On: 15/01/2026
2.Judgment Reserved On: 15/01/2026
3.Full Judgment/Operative Part Pronounced: Full Judgment
4.Pronounced On: 05/02/2026
PER HON'BLE CHANDRA PRAKASH SHRIMALI, J.
vihykFkhZ@vfHk;qDr d`".k eqjkjh dh vksj ls ;g vihy varxZr /kkjk
374 n.M izfØ;k lafgrk fo}ku vij ftyk ,oa ls'ku U;k;k/kh'k ¼QkLV
Vªsd½ xaxkiqj flVh }kjk ljdkj cuke d`".k eqjkjh o vU; ls'ku izdj.k
la[;k 04@2003 esa ikfjr fu.kZ; o n.Mkns'k fnukad 31-03-2003 ls O;fFkr
gksdj izLrqr dh x;h gS] ftlds }kjk fo}ku fopkj.k U;k;ky; us
[2026:RJ-JP:4433-DB] (2 of 23) [CRLA-736/2003]
vihykFkhZ@vfHk;qDr dks /kkjk 302 Hkkjrh; n.M lafgrk ds rgr n.Muh;
vijk/k esa vkthou dkjkokl o 5]000@& #i;s vFkZn.M ls nf.Mr fd;k gS
vkSj vFkZn.M lank; ugha djus ij 6 ekg ds lk/kkj.k dkjkokl dh ltk
Hkqxrus dk vkns'k fn;k gSA
bl izdj.k esa ifjoknh fxjkZt izlkn ¼ih-MCY;w-&1½ us izn'kZ ih&2
fyf[kr fjiksVZ bl vk'k; dh ntZ djok;h fd og ehuk /keZ'kkyk xaxkiqj
flVh dk eSustj gSA /keZ'kkyk esa fnukad 08-03-2002 dks nks ;k=h vk;s]
ftUgksaus isaVj dk dke djuk crk;k vkSj muds dgus ij mlus :dus ds
fy, dejk uacj 32 ns fn;kA ;kf=;ksa esa ls ,d us viuk uke eqjkjh ukxj
ds'koiqjk dksVk crk;k] ftl ij mlus /keZ'kkyk ds jftLVj esa banzkt dj
fn;kA os jkstkuk lqcg dke ij tkrs Fks vkSj 'kke /keZ'kkyk esa vk tkrs FksA
os fnukad 10-03-2002 dks 'kke dks vafre ckj /keZ'kkyk vk;s vkSj fnukad
11-03-2002 dks lqcg dejs ij rkyk yxk gqvk feykA mlds ckn /keZ'kkyk
ij ugha vk;sA tc fnukad 13-03-2002 dks djhcu 3 cts fxjkZt izlkn
dejk uacj 32 ds lkeus ls gksdj xqtjk] rc ,dne cncw o efD[k;ka
fHkufHkukrh gqbZ feyhA ,sls yxk fd dejs esa ls cncw vk;hA vr% dejs dk
rkyk [kksydj cncw dh tkap dj dk;Zokgh dh tkosA
mDr fjiksVZ ij iqfyl Fkkuk xaxkiqj flVh }kjk izn'kZ ih&31 izFke
lwpuk fjiksVZ la[;k 164@2002 varxZr /kkjk 302 Hkkjrh; n.M lafgrk esa
ntZ dj ckn vuqla/kku vihykFkhZ@vfHk;qDr ds fo#) vkjksi i= izLrqr
fd;k x;kA fo}ku fopkj.k U;k;ky; us vihykFkhZ@vfHk;qDr ds fo#) /kkjk
302 Hkkjrh; n.M lafgrk fodYi esa /kkjk 302 lifBr /kkjk 34 Hkkjrh; n.M
lafgrk esa n.Muh; vijk/k dk vkjksi fojfpr fd;k] ftls
vihykFkhZ@vfHk;qDr us vLohdkj dj vUoh{kk pkghA vUoh{kk ds i'pkr
fo}ku fopkj.k U;k;ky; us mijksDrkuqlkj vkyksP; fu.kZ; vkSj n.Mkns'k
[2026:RJ-JP:4433-DB] (3 of 23) [CRLA-736/2003]
fnukad 31-03-2003 ikfjr fd;k] ftlls O;fFkr gksdj vihykFkhZ dh vksj
ls ;g vihy izLrqr dh x;h gSA
vihy ij vihykFkhZ@vfHk;qDr ds fo}ku vfHkHkk"kd o fo}ku yksd
vfHk;kstd dks lquk x;k rFkk i=koyh dk voyksdu fd;k x;kA
vihykFkhZ@vfHk;qDr ds fo}ku vfHkHkk"kd dk cgl ds nkSjku ;g rdZ
jgk gS fd bl izdj.k esa fcuk fdlh lk{; ds o fcuk fdlh ;qfDr;qDr
vk/kkj ds fo}ku fopkj.k U;k;ky; us lansg ds vk/kkj ij
vihykFkhZ@vfHk;qDr dks vkjksfir vijk/k esa nks"kfl) dj nf.Mr fd;k
gSA ?kVuk dh fjiksVZ ds vuqlkj fnukad 13-03-2002 dks ehuk /keZ'kkyk]
xaxkiqj flVh esa cncw vkus ij ?kVuk dkfjr gksus dk irk pykA ?kVuk dh
fjiksVZ ds vuqlkj fnukad 10-03-2002 dks 'kke dks dejk uacj 32 ij jgus
okys ;kf=;ksa ds vkus ds ckn fdlh us Hkh vihykFkhZ@vfHk;qDr dks ;k vU;
fdlh O;fDr dks ugha ns[kkA ?kVuk dkfjr gksus ls rqjar iwoZ
vihykFkhZ@vfHk;qDr dks fxjkZt izlkn ¼ih-MCY;w-&1½ us ;k vU; fdlh lk{kh
us ns[kk gks] bls vfHk;kstu i{k dh vksj ls lkfcr ugha fd;k x;k gSA ykLV
lhu F;ksjh ds vHkko esa vihykFkhZ@vfHk;qDr dks nks"kfl) dj nf.Mr ugha
fd;k tk ldrk gSA /keZ'kkyk esa :dus okyk O;fDr vihykFkhZ@vfHk;qDr
d`".k eqjkjh gh Fkk] bl laca/k esa iqfyl }kjk dksbZ f'kuk[rxh dk;Zokgh ugha
djok;h x;h gSA jftLVj ds Øe la[;k 11 ij lh ls Mh
vihykFkhZ@vfHk;qDr ds gh gLrk{kj gksa] bls Hkh fof/k foKku iz;ksx'kkyk dh
fjiksVZ ds ek/;e ls lkfcr ugha fd;k x;k gS] uk gh bl laca/k esa
vihykFkhZ@vfHk;qDr ds gLrys[k ds uewus iqfyl }kjk fy;s x;s gSaA
vihykFkhZ@vfHk;qDr ds lkFk /keZ'kkyk esa Bgjus okys fdlh vU; O;fDr dks
ijhf{kr ugha djok;k x;k gSA /keZ'kkyk ds dejk uacj 32 dk rkyk
vihykFkhZ dh mifLFkfr esa ugha rksM+k x;k gSA vihykFkhZ@vfHk;qDr ls iqfyl
[2026:RJ-JP:4433-DB] (4 of 23) [CRLA-736/2003]
us LdwVj cjken djuk crk;k gS] bl laca/k esa Lora= lk{kh ih-MCY;w-&6
egUr xksiky nkl o ih-MCY;w-&7 eqUukyky vfHk;kstu i{k }kjk
i{knzksgh ?kksf"kr gq, gSa rFkk vfHk;kstu dgkuh dk leFkZu ugha djrs gSaA
iqfyl us vfHk;qDr ds dCts ls diM+s vkSj dqYgkM+h cjken fd;k tkuk
crk;k gSA budh QnZ tCrh ls lacaf/kr Lora= lk{kh ih-MCY;w-&9 dyqok
xqtZj o ih-MCY;w-&16 eksgEen lkfcj vfHk;kstu i{k }kjk i{knzksgh ?kksf"kr
gq, gSaA vfHk;kstu i{k ;g lkfcr ugha dj ik;k gS fd vfHk;qDr ds dCts ls
?kVuk esa iz;qDr diM+s o dqYgkM+h cjken gq, gSaA ih-MCY;w-&12 MkW-
lR;ukjk;.k 'kekZ us e`rd dh e`R;q dk dkj.k ân; xfr o lkal xfr :dus
ds dkj.k gksuk crk;k gS] tks xyk nckus ;k pksV ls ;k fdlh pksV ls tks
fn[kk;h ugha ns] ls gksuk crk;k gSA e`rd dh xyk nckdj gR;k dkfjr dh
x;h gks ;k mlds dksbZ pksV vihykFkhZ@vfHk;qDr us dkfjr dh gks] bl
izdkj dh dksbZ lk{; i=koyh ij ugha vk;h gSA vihykFkhZ@vfHk;qDr us
e`rd izsepan dh nq'euh ds dkj.k gR;k dkfjr dh gks ;k mudh iwoZ esa
dksbZ nq'euh jgh gks] bl rF; dks vfHk;kstu i{k dh vksj ls lkfcr ugha
fd;k x;k gSA fof/k foKku iz;ksx'kkyk fjiksVZ ¼izn'kZ ih&35½ esa ftu lkekuksa
ij ,&xzqi dk ekuo jDr gksuk crk;k x;k gS] og ekuo jDr e`rd izsepan
dk gks] bls vfHk;kstu i{k dh vksj ls Li"V ugha fd;k x;k gSA /kkjk 106
Hkkjrh; lk{; vf/kfu;e] 1872 ds izko/kkuksa dks n`f"Vxr j[krs gq,
vfHk;kstu i{k vihykFkhZ@vfHk;qDr ds fo#) vkjksfir vijk/k dks izFke
n`"V;k miyC/k lk{; ds ek/;e ls lkfcr ugha dj ik;k gSA ,slh fLFkfr esa
vijk/k dkfjr gksus ;k ugha gksus ds laca/k esa lkfcr djus dk Hkkj ¼Burden
of Proof½ vfHk;qDr ij ugha Mkyk tk ldrk gSA izn'kZ ih&3 gkykr
uD'kkekSdk ij ,d rjQ rks vuqla/kku vf/kdkjh us dejs esa dkQh [kwu o
ikuh Hkjk gksuk crk;k gS] nwljh rjQ uD'kkekSdk esa uksV esa ;g vafdr fd;k
[2026:RJ-JP:4433-DB] (5 of 23) [CRLA-736/2003]
gS fd ekSds ij fdlh izdkj ds infpUg vkSj [kwu utj ugha vkrs gSaA ,slh
fLFkfr esa vfHk;kstu lk{; esa ijLij fojks/kkHkkl gS] ftls utjvankt djds
fo}ku fopkj.k U;k;ky; us fcuk fdlh U;k;laxr mfpr vk/kkj ds
vihykFkhZ@vfHk;qDr dks vkjksfir vijk/k esa nks"kfl) dj nf.Mr djus esa
fof/kd Hkwy o =qfV dh gSA vr% vihykFkhZ@vfHk;qDr dh vihy Lohdkj dj
mls nks"kfl) vijk/k esa nks"keqDr fd;k tkosA
viykFkhZ@vfHk;qDr ds fo}ku vfHkHkk"kd us vius rdksZa ds leFkZu esa
fuEufyf[kr fofu'p; izLrqr fd;s%&
1.Ravi Vs State of Punjab; [(2025) 3 SCC 584]
2.Babu Lal & Another Vs State of Rajasthan; D.B. Criminal Appeal No.
365/2001; Judgment Dated 06.08.2025
fo}ku yksd vfHk;kstd dk cgl ds nkSjku ;g rdZ jgk gS fd
vfHk;kstu i{k vihykFkhZ@vfHk;qDr ds fo#) vkjksfir vijk/k dks lansg ls
ijs lkfcr djus esa lQy jgk gSA vihykFkhZ@vfHk;qDr ehuk /keZ'kkyk
xaxkiqj flVh esa e`rd izsepan ds lkFk dejk ysus ds fy, x;k Fkk vkSj
/keZ'kkyk ds eSustj fxjkZt izlkn ¼ih-MCY;w-&1½ us jftLVj ds Øe la[;k
11 ij banzkt fd;k o ml jftLVj ds lh ls Mh Hkkx ij
vihykFkhZ@vfHk;qDr eqjkjh yky }kjk gLrk{kj fd;s x;sA
vihykFkhZ@vfHk;qDr ds lkFk fnukad 08-03-2002 dks dejk ysrs le; e`rd
Hkh vk;k FkkA bl rF; dks Hkh fxjkZt ¼ih-MCY;w-&1½ us vius c;kuksa esa
crk;k gSA fxjkZt ¼ih-MCY;w-&1½ us vius c;ku esa vihykFkhZ@vfHk;qDr dks
ns[kdj dgk gS fd ;gh d`".k eqjkjh FkkA ,slh fLFkfr esa ;fn iqfyl }kjk
vihykFkhZ@vfHk;qDr dh dk;Zokgh f'kuk[rxh ugha Hkh djok;h x;h gS] rks
mlls vfHk;kstu dgkuh ij dksbZ foijhr izHkko ugha iM+rk gSA
vihykFkhZ@vfHk;qDr o e`rd izsepan ,d&nwljs dks tkurs Fks] iwoZ ifjfpr Fks
[2026:RJ-JP:4433-DB] (6 of 23) [CRLA-736/2003]
o ,d lkFk isaV dk dk;Z djrs FksA e`rd izsepan dksVk esa izse lsaVj ds uke
ls nqdku pykrk Fkk] bl rF; dks nsoyky ¼ih-MCY;w-&18½ tks fd e`rd
iszepan dk firk gS] mlus vius c;ku esa crk;k gSA nso yky ¼ih-MCY;w-&18½
us vius c;kuksa esa ;g Hkh crk;k gS fd fnukad 04-03-2002 dks d`".k eqjkjh
esjs yM+ds izse ds ikl vk;k vkSj ;g crk;k fd isafVax dk dke feyk gSA
ts-ds- lhesaV dh isafVax djus lokbZ ek/kksiqj ts-ds- lhesaV ds Mhyj ds ;gka
pyuk gSA fnukad 05-03-2002 dks d`".k eqjkjh o mldk yM+dk izse 9&10
cts ds djhc ?kj ls fudy x;sA mlds ckn mldh gR;k gks x;hA dY;k.k
izlkn xks;y ¼ih-MCY;w-&4½ us Hkh tks fd ts-ds- lhesaV dk lc Mhyj gS]
mlus Hkh nks vknfe;ksa ds vkus vkSj vihykFkhZ@vfHk;qDr }kjk mlls
200@& #i;s m/kkj ysus vkSj okil ugha ykSVkus dh ckr dgh gSA uUnyky
¼ih-MCY;w-&19½ us vius c;kuksa esa ;g crk;k gS fd fnukad 04-03-2002 dks
vihykFkhZ@vfHk;qDr mlds ?kj ij vk;k vkSj lokbZek/kksiqj pyus ds fy,
dgk vkSj nwljs fnu 4&5 cts os dksVk ls jokuk gks x;sA
vihykFkhZ@vfHk;qDr o e`rd esa iSlksa ds ysu&nsu dk ekeyk Fkk rFkk e`rd
vihykFkhZ@vfHk;qDr ls dkQh le; ls iSls ekaxrk Fkk] tks og ugha ns jgk
FkkA bl dkj.k ls vihykFkhZ@vfHk;qDr us e`rd dh gR;k dhA bl rF; dks
e`rd ds firk nsoyky ¼ih-MCY;w-&18½ us vius c;kuksa esa crk;k gSA
vfHk;qDr ds dCts ls cjken fd;k x;k LdwVj lkfcr ugha gksus ls ;g ugha
ekuk tk ldrk gS fd vihykFkhZ@vfHk;qDr us dksbZ vijk/k dkfjr ugha
fd;k gksA vihykFkhZ@vfHk;qDr ds dCts ls dqYgkM+h] isaV o 'kVZ feys gSa]
ftu ij ekuo jDr ik;k x;k gSA vihykFkhZ@vfHk;qDr us /keZ'kkyk esa
fnukad 08-03-2002 dks dejk fy;k] mlds i'pkr mlus /keZ'kkyk ds eSustj
dks dejs dh pkch ugha nh] uk gh bl izdkj dh dksbZ lwpuk nh fd dejs esa
cncw vk jgh gS] oju~ vihykFkhZ@vfHk;qDr xk;c gks x;kA blls iw.kZr%
[2026:RJ-JP:4433-DB] (7 of 23) [CRLA-736/2003]
lansg tkrk gS fd vihykFkhZ@vfHk;qDr dk /keZ'kkyk esa okil ugha vkuk]
/keZ'kkyk ds dejs dh pkch ugha nsuk] /keZ'kkyk esa dksbZ vijk/k dkfjr gksus
dh lwpuk ugha nsuk] ;g lansg mRiUu djrs gSa fd vihykFkhZ@vfHk;qDr us
e`rd dh gR;k dkfjr dh gSA e`rd Hkh vihykFkhZ@vfHk;qDr ds lkFk
/keZ'kkyk esa ,d gh dejs esa :dk Fkk] ;g rF; Hkh izLrqr lk{; ls Li"V gSA
e`rd dh yk'k lM+ pqdh Fkh] blfy, mldh e`R;q dk fuf'pr dkj.k ugha
crk;k tk ldrk] bl rF; dks MkW- f'ko flag eh.kk ¼ih-MCY;w-&14½ us vius
c;kuksa esa crk;k gSA ekSds ij ?kVukLFky dk fujh{k.k fd;k x;k] ftlesa
nhokjksa ij Hkh isaV ls d`".k eqjkjh dk uke] ts-ds- lhesaV dk mYys[k fd;k
x;k gSA bl rF; dk vadu Hkh QnZ gkykr ekSdk ¼izn'kZ ih&3½ esa fd;k
x;k gSA bl fLFkfr esa izLrqr lk{; ls ;g Li"V gS fd vihykFkhZ@vfHk;qDr
us e`rd ls #i;s ys j[ks Fks vkSj og #i;s okil ugha ns jgk Fkk] blh
nq'euh o >xM+s ds dkj.k vihykFkhZ@vfHk;qDr us e`rd dh gR;k dkfjr
dhA fo}ku fopkj.k U;k;ky; us foLr`r :i ls lk{; dk lgh foospu dj
vihykFkhZ@vfHk;qDr dks vkjksfir vijk/k esa nks"kfl) dj nf.Mr fd;k gSA
vr% vihykFkhZ@vfHk;qDr dh vihy vLohdkj dj [kkfjt dh tkosA
geus mHk;i{kksa ds rdksZa ij euu fd;k rFkk i=koyh dk voyksdu
fd;kA
orZeku izdj.k ds rF;ksa ds vuqlkj ehuk /keZ'kkyk xaxkiqj flVh esa
dejk uacj 32 esa izsepan ¼ftl vkxs ^e`rd* dgk tk,xk½ dh yk'k feyh
FkhA fxjkZt izlkn ¼ih-MCY;w-&1½ ftlus izn'kZ ih&2 ?kVuk dh fjiksVZ ntZ
djok;h Fkh] mlus ?kVuk dh fjiksVZ esa ;g dFku fd;k gS fd fnukad
08-03-2002 dks nks ;k=h vk;s Fks vkSj mudks mlus dejk uacj 32 fn;k Fkk
rFkk mUgksaus isaVj dk dke djuk crk;k FkkA muesa ls ,d us viuk uke
eqjkjh ukxj ds'koiqjk] dksVk crk;k Fkk] ftldk /keZ'kkyk ds jftLVj esa
[2026:RJ-JP:4433-DB] (8 of 23) [CRLA-736/2003]
banzkt dj fn;k FkkA os lqcg dke ij tkrs Fks vkSj jkstkuk 'kke dks vk
tkrs FksA fnukad 10-03-2002 dks 'kke dks vk;s vkSj fnukad 11-03-2002 dks
dejs dk rkyk yxk feyk] mlds ckn os /keZ'kkyk ij ugha vk;sA fnukad
13-03-2002 dks djhc 3 cts fxjkZt izlkn dejk uacj 32 ds lkeus ls
xqtjk rks mls cncw vkSj efD[k;ka fHkufHkukrh gqbZ utj vk;haA ml ij
iqfyl dks lwpuk nsus ij dejk uacj 32 dk rkyk rksM+dj ns[kk x;k rks
e`rd dh yk'k feyhA ?kVuk ds rF;ksa ds vuqlkj e`rd dh gR;k dkfjr
djrs gq, fdlh Hkh O;fDr us ugha ns[kk gSA ?kVuk dk dksbZ p{kqn'khZ lk{kh
ugha gS vkSj ;g izdj.k ifjfLFkfrtU; lk{; ij vk/kkfjr gSA bl laca/k
esa ;gka ekuuh; mPpre U;k;ky; }kjk izfrikfnr fofu'p; Sharad
Birdichand Sarda Vs State of Maharashtra [(1984) 4 SCC 116] dk
lqlaxr Hkkx ;gka mYysf[kr fd;k tkuk U;k;ksfpr gksxk%&
"152. It is well to remember that in cases where the
evidence is of a circumstantial nature, the circumstances
from which the conclusion of guilt is to be drawn should
in the first instance be fully established, and all the facts
so established should be consistent only with the
hypothesis of the guilt of the accused. Again, the
circumstances should be of a conclusive nature and
tendency and they should be such as to exclude every
hypothesis but the one proposed to be proved. In other
words, there must be a chain of evidence so far complete
as not to leave any reasonable ground for a conclusion
consistent with the innocence of the accused and it must
be such as show that within all human probability the
act must have been done by the accused".
153. A close analysis of this decision would show that
the following conditions must be fulfilled before a case
against an accused can be said to be fully established:
[2026:RJ-JP:4433-DB] (9 of 23) [CRLA-736/2003]
(1) the circumstances from which the conclusion of
guilt is to be drawn should be fully established. It
may be noted here that this Court indicated that the
circumstances concerned "must or should and not
"may be" established. There is not only a
grammatical but a legal distinction between "may be
proved" and "must be or should be proved" as was
held by this Court in Shivaji Sahabrao Bobade v.
State of Maharashtra [(1973) 2 SCC 793:1973 SCC
(Cri) 1033:1973 Crl LJ 1783] where the
observations were made: [SCC para 19, p. 807. SCC
(Cri) p. 1047] "Certainly, it is a primary principle
that the accused must be and not merely may be
guilty before a court can convict and the mental
distance between 'may be' and 'must be' is long and
divides vague conjectures from sure conclusions."
(2) the facts so established should be consistent
only with the hypothesis of the guilt of the accused,
that is to say, they should not be explainable on any
other hypothesis except that the accused is guilty.
(3) the circumstances should be of a conclusive
nature and tendency
4) they should exclude every possible hypothesis
except the one to be proved, and
(5) there must be a chain of evidence so complete
as not to leave any reasonable ground for the
conclusion consistent with the innocence of the
accused and must show that in all human probability
the act must have been done by the accused."
tgka rd vihykFkhZ@vfHk;qDr }kjk gh fnukad 10-03-2002 ls
13-03-2002 ds e/; fdlh Hkh le; ehuk /keZ'kkyk xaxkiqj flVh esa lkekU;
vk'k; dh iwfrZ esa e`rd izsepan mQZ eDdw ds migfr dkfjr dj mldh
gR;k dkfjr fd;s tkus dk iz'u gS] bl laca/k esa e`rd dh gR;k dkfjr
[2026:RJ-JP:4433-DB] (10 of 23) [CRLA-736/2003]
fd;s tkrs le; fdlh Hkh O;fDr us ugha ns[kk gSA ,slh fLFkfr esa vfHk;kstu
i{k dks rF;ksa vkSj ?kVuk dh J`a[kyk ds vk/kkj ij vihykFkhZ@vfHk;qDr }kjk
e`rd dh gR;k dkfjr djuk lkfcr fd;k tkuk vko';d gSA
oLrqr% vihykFkhZ@vfHk;qDr ehuk /keZ'kkyk xaxkiqj flVh esa vk;k vkSj
fnukad 08-03-2002 dks dejk fy;k] bl laca/k esa fxjkZt izlkn ¼ih-MCY;w-&1½
us viuh eq[; ijh{kk esa ;g dFku fd;k gS fd fnukad 08-03-2002 dks ,d
O;fDr] ftlus viuk uke eqjkjh yky ukxj dksVk dk jgus okyk crk;k vkSj
vius vkidks iasVj crk;k] mls dejk fn;k Fkk vkSj Bgjus dk banzkt
/keZ'kkyk ds jftLVj izn'kZ ih&1 ds Øe la[;k 11 ij djds mldks dejk
uacj 32 fn;k vkSj 50@& #i;s ,Mokal tek djk;s FksA bl lk{kh ls dh
x;h izfrijh{kk dk voyksdu djsa rks ;g Li"V gksrk gS fd fxjkZt izlkn
vihykFkhZ@vfHk;qDr dks igys ls ugh tkurk FkkA fopkj.k U;k;ky; us
fnukad 28-01-2003 dks ih-MCY;w-&1 fxjkZt izlkn ds c;ku ys[kc) djrs
le; uksV esa lk{kh ds ckjs esa ;g vafdr fd;k gS fd ^^xokg us dkQh nsj
ns[kus ds i'pkr eqyfte dks igpkukA** izn'kZ ih&1 jftLVj ds Øe la[;k
11 ij lh ls Mh vihykFkhZ@vfHk;qDr ds gLrk{kj gksuk bl lk{kh us vius
c;kuksa esa crk;k gS] ysfdu vihykFkhZ@vfHk;qDr us /kkjk 313 n.M izfØ;k
lafgrk ds dFkuksa esa dgk gS fd ^^eSa /keZ'kkyk esa ugha BgjkA esjs uke ls dksbZ
vkSj O;fDr /keZ'kkyk esa Bgjk gksxkA eSa dHkh xaxkiqj flVh ugha x;k rFkk uk
gh nsosUnz dqekj us eq>s xaxkiqj dk dksbZ Bsdk fn;k] u gh e`rd izsepan esjs
lkFk vk;k u gh eSa e`rd ds lkFk dHkh xaxkiqj vk;kA**
bl izdkj vihykFkhZ@vfHk;qDr us /kkjk 313 n.M izfØ;k lafgrk ds
dFkuksa esa ?kVuk ?kfVr gksus okys LFkku dejk uacj 32 esa o /keZ'kkyk esa
e`rd ds lkFk vkuk ugha crk;k gS vkSj uk gh xaxkiqj vkuk crk;k gSA
oLrqr% vihykFkhZ@vfHk;qDr gh ehuk /keZ'kkyk esa fnukad 08-03-2002 dks
[2026:RJ-JP:4433-DB] (11 of 23) [CRLA-736/2003]
vk;k gks vkSj mlus dejk uacj 32 fn;k gks] bu rF;ksa dks lkfcr djus ds
fy, vfHk;kstu i{k dh vksj ls ehuk /keZ'kkyk ds eSustj fxjkZt izlkn
¼ih-MCY;w-&1½ ds vfrfjDr vU; fdlh lk{kh dks ijhf{kr ugha djok;k x;k
gSA izn'kZ ih&1 jftLVj ij lh ls Mh gLrk{kj vihykFkhZ@vfHk;qDr ds gksa]
bu rF;ksa dks Hkh vfHk;kstu i{k us vihykFkhZ@vfHk;qDr ds gLrys[k uewuk
ysdj mls fof/k foKku iz;ksx'kkyk ¼,Q-,l-,y-½ ls tkap djokdj ;g
lkfcr ugha fd;k gS fd izn'kZ ih&1 jftLVj ij lh ls Mh gLrk{kj
vihykFkhZ@vfHk;qDr ds gh gSa vkSj fnukad 08-03-2002 dks
vihykFkhZ@vfHk;qDr us gh dejk uacj 32 fy;k gksA vihykFkhZ@vfHk;qDr ds
lkFk e`rd fnukad 08-03-2002 dks xaxkiqj flVh esa /keZ'kkyk esa vk;k gks] bl
rF; dks lkfcr djus ds fy, vfHk;kstu i{k us lk{kh fxjkZt izlkn
¼ih-MCY;w-&1½ ds vfrfjDr vU; fdlh lk{kh dks ijhf{kr ugha djok;k gSA
jftLVj izn'kZ ih&1 ij e`rd izsepan ds gLrk{kj ugha gSaaA ,slh fLFkfr esa
izFke n`"V;k ;g Li"V ugha gksrk gS fd vihykFkhZ@vfHk;qDr o mlds lkFk
e`rd Hkh dejk uacj 32 esa :dk gksA
;|fi lk{kh fxjkZt izlkn ¼ih-MCY;w-&1½ us vius c;ku dh eq[;
ijh{kk esa ;g dgk gS fd ftl O;fDr dh yk'k feyh] og fnukad
08-03-2002 dks dejk ysrs le; eqjkjh ukxj ds lkFk vk;k Fkk] ysfdu bl
rF; dh iqf"V esa ehuk /keZ'kkyk xaxkiqj flVh ds vU; deZpkfj;ksa ds c;ku
djokdj vfHk;kstu i{k }kjk lkfcr ugha fd;k x;k gSA izn'kZ ih&1
jftLVj ij e`rd ds gLrk{kj ugha gSaA lk{kh fxjkZt izlkn ¼ih-MCY;w-&1½ ds
c;ku dk fo'okl djsa rks ;g Li"V gksrk gS fd mlus nksuksa ;kf=;ksa] tks
mldh /keZ'kkyk esa vk;s Fks] mudks vafre ckj fnukad 10-03-2002 dks 'kke
dks okil dke ls /keZ'kkyk esa vkrs ns[kk FkkA mlds ckn mlus mUgsa
/keZ'kkyk esa ugha ns[kkA dejk uacj 32 esa e`rd dh yk'k dh lwpuk fnukad
[2026:RJ-JP:4433-DB] (12 of 23) [CRLA-736/2003]
13-03-2002 dks feyh FkhA fnukad 10-03-2002 dh 'kke ls fnukad
13-03-2002 dh nksigj rd vihykFkhZ@vfHk;qDr o e`rd dks fdlh us Hkh
ugha ns[kkA fnukad 10-03-2002 ds 'kke ds i'pkr fnukad 13-03-2002 dks
nksigj 3 cts rd dkSuls fnu o le; esa e`rd dh e`R;q gqbZ] bl rF; dks
vfHk;kstu i{k izLrqr lk{; ds ek/;e ls lkfcr djus esa vlQy jgk gSA
dsoy vafre ckj vihykFkhZ@vfHk;qDr o e`rd dks ns[ks tkus okys
fl)kar dks n`f"Vxr djsa rks ;g Li"V gksrk gS fd fnukad 10-03-2002 dks
'kke ds i'pkr fdlh Hkh O;fDr us ;gka rd fd fxjkZt izlkn ¼ih-MCY;w-&1½
us Hkh vihykFkhZ@vfHk;qDr vkSj e`rd dks lkFk esa ugha ns[kk gSA fnukad
10-03-2002 dks lka;dky ds i'pkr e`rd vU; fdlh O;fDr ds lEidZ esa
ugha vk;k gks] bl rF; dks vfHk;kstu i{k }kjk Li"V ugha fd;k x;k gSA
bl izdj.k esa ih-MCY;w-&22 vUos"k.k vf/kdkjh jktsUnz flag us fnukad
05-10-2002 dks lgvfHk;qDr eukst dh /kkjk 27 lk{; vf/kfu;e dh lwpuk
¼izn'kZ ih&34½ ds vk/kkj ij ehuk /keZ'kkyk dh nwljh eafty ij p<+dj
dejk uacj 42 esa izos'k djds njokts ds Åij cus jks'kunku dh iVjh ij
ls tfj;s izn'kZ ih&5 pkch] rkyk] yksgs lgvfHk;qDr eukst ds dCts ls
cjken fd;k vkSj cjkenxh LFky dk uD'kkekSdk izn'kZ ih&6 cuk;kA
ih-MCY;w-&22 vUos"k.k vf/kdkjh jktsUnz flag us vihykFkhZ@vfHk;qDr dh /kkjk
27 lk{; vf/kfu;e dh lwpuk ¼izn'kZ ih&32½ ds vk/kkj ij vihykFkhZ ds
dCts ls ?kVuk ds le; tks isaV] 'kVZ igu j[ks Fks o dqYgkM+h rFkk
lgvfHk;qDr eukst ds ?kVuk ds le; igus gq, diM+s] tks
vihykFkhZ@vfHk;qDr us ,d iksVyh cukdj uknkSrh jksM+ ds lSfud uxj esa
xans ukys esa xkM+dj fNik;s Fks] mUgsa tfj;s izn'kZ ih&16 cjken fd;k gSA
vUos"k.k vf/kdkjh ih-MCY;w-&22 us lgvfHk;qDr eukst dks ?kVuk esa 'kkfey
ekudj mlds fo#) vkjksi i= izLrqr fd;k] ysfdu fo}ku fopkj.k
[2026:RJ-JP:4433-DB] (13 of 23) [CRLA-736/2003]
U;k;ky; us vius vkyksP; fu.kZ; fnukad 31-03-2003 esa lgvfHk;qDr eukst
dk e`rd dh gR;k dkfjr djus esa dksbZ mn~ns'; ;k gSrqd ugha ekudj o
eukst ls dh x;h cjkenxh lafnX/k ekudj o cjken dh x;h pkch ls
rkyk [kqyrk ;k can gksrk gS] bldh iqf"V gksuk ugha ekudj fofHkUu vk/kkjksa
ij mls vkjksfir vijk/k ls lansg dk ykHk nsdj nks"keqDr fd;k gSA vUos"k.k
vf/kdkjh us izkjfEHkd :i ls lgvfHk;qDr eukst dks ?kVuk esa 'kkfey gksuk
crk;k gS] ysfdu ih-MCY;w-&1 fxjkZt izlkn ds c;ku ls ;g rF; dgha
lkeus ugha vk;k gS fd lgvfHk;qDr eukst Hkh mldh /keZ'kkyk esa vk;k gks]
tcfd mlus dFku fd;k gS fd mlus eukst dks igyh ckj ml le; ns[kk]
tc iqfyl mls ysdj vk;h FkhA fnukad 10-03-2002 dh 'kke ls fnukad
13-03-2002 dks e`rd dh gR;k dkfjr gksus ds chp esa e`rd lgvfHk;qDr
eukst ds lkFk ;k vihykFkhZ@vfHk;qDr ds lkFk ;k vU; fdlh O;fDr ds
lkFk jgk gks] bl rF; dks vfHk;kstu i{k dh vksj ls Li"V ugha fd;k x;k
gSA ih-MCY;w-&1 fxjkZt izlkn us fnukad 10-03-2002 dks 'kke dks vafre ckj
vihykFkhZ@vfHk;qDr o e`rd dks ns[kuk crk;k gSA fnukad 10-03-2002 dks
'kke ls fnukad 13-03-2002 dks nksigj 3 cts rd vihykFkhZ@vfHk;qDr o
e`rd lkFk jgs gksa] bl rF; dks vfHk;kstu i{k dh vksj ls Li"V ugha fd;k
x;k gSA fxjkZt izlkn ¼ih-MCY;w-&1½ }kjk e`rd o vihykFkZ@vfHk;qDr dks
vafre ckj fnukad 10-03-2002 dks ns[ks tkus ds i'pkr o mlds rhu fnu
ckn yk'k ds feyus ls ;g ;qfDr;qDr :i ls lansg mRiUu gksrk gS fd
vihykFkhZ@vfHk;qDr us gh e`rd dh gR;k dkfjr dh gksA bl laca/k esa
ekuuh; mPpre U;k;ky; ds fofu'p; Bodhraj Vs State of J&K [(2002) 8
SCC 45] ds lqlaxr Hkkx dks ;gka mYysf[kr fd;k tkuk U;k;ksfpr gksxk%&
"31. The last seen theory comes into play where the
time gap between the point of time when the accused and
the deceased were seen last alive and when the deceased
[2026:RJ-JP:4433-DB] (14 of 23) [CRLA-736/2003]
is found dead is so small that possibility of any person
other than the accused being the author of the crime
becomes impossible It would be difficult in some cases to
positively establish that the deceased was last seen with
the accused when there is a long gap and possibility of
other persons coming in between exists. In the absence
of any other positive evidence to conclude that the
accused and the deceased were last seen together, it
would be hazardous to come to a conclusion of guilt in
hose cases."
çdj.k ds rF;ksa ds voyksdu ls ;g Li"V gks tkrk gS fd ftl le;
vihykFkhZ@vfHk;qDr vkSj e`rd dks vafre ckj ,d lkFk ns[kk x;k Fkk rFkk
ftl le; e`rd dk 'ko cjken gqvk] mlds eè; dk le; varjky NksVk
ugÈ dgk tk ldrkA e`rd vkSj vihykFkhZ@vfHk;qDr dks vafre ckj lkFk
ns[ks tkus rFkk 'ko dh cjkenxh ds chp ds le; varjky dks] lkFk gh
ftl LFkku ,oa ftu ifjfLFkfr;ksa esa 'ko cjken gqvk] mUgsa –f"Vxr j[krs
gq, vU; O;fä;ksa ds gLr{ksi dh laHkkouk ls badkj ugÈ fd;k tk
ldrkA ,sls esa vihykFkhZ@vfHk;qDr ,oa e`rd dks vafre ckj lkFk ns[ks tkus
ds lacaèk esa Bksl ,oa fuf'pr lk{; ds vHkko esa rFkk tc le; varjky yack
gks] ;g fu"d"kZ fudkyuk fd vihykFkhZ@vfHk;qDr gh e`rd dh gR;k ds
fy, mÙkjnk;h gS vkSj mlus gR;k dk vijkèk fd;k gS] lgh ugÈ ekuk tk
ldrkA
ekuuh; loksZPp U;k;ky; }kjk ikfjr fofu'p; Nizam & Anr Vs
State of Rajasthan [(2016 1 SCC (CRI) 386] esa ;g vfHkfuèkkZfjr fd;k
x;k gS fd%&
"16. In the light of the above, it is to be seen whether
in the facts and circumstances of this case, whether the
courts below were right in invoking the "last seen
[2026:RJ-JP:4433-DB] (15 of 23) [CRLA-736/2003]
theory" From the evidence discussed above, deceased-
Manoj allegedly left in the truck DL-IGA-5943 on
23.01.2001. The body of deceased-Manoj was recovered
on 26.01.2001. The prosecution has contended the
accused persons were last seen with the deceased but the
accused have not offered any plausible, cogent
explanation as to what has happened to Manoj. Be it
noted, that only if the prosecution has succeeded in
proving the facts by definite evidence that the deceased
was last seen alive in the company of the accused, a
reasonable inference could be drawn against the
accused and then only onus can be shifted on the
accused under Section 106 of the Evidence Act".
xokg ih-MCY;w-&1 fxjkZt izlkn us c;ku dh eq[; ijh{kk esa ;g
dFku fd;k gS fd mlus 10-03-2002 dks 'kke dks nksuksa ;kf=;ksa dks /keZ'kkyk
esa vkrs ns[kk FkkA vfHk;kstu i{k ;g dgÈ Hkh fl) ugÈ dj ik;k gS fd
e`rd dks fnukad 10-03-2002 lka;dky ls 13-03-2002 rd vfHk;qä ds lkFk
thfor voLFkk esa ns[kk x;k gksA ,slh fLFkfr esa Hkkjrh; lk{; vfèkfu;e dh
èkkjk 106 ds varxZr çek.k dk Hkkj vfHk;qä ij LFkkukarfjr ugÈ fd;k tk
ldrkA
ih-MCY;w-&1 fxjkZt izlkn ds bl c;ku dh iqf"V fd mldh /keZ'kkyk
esa vihykFkhZ@vfHk;qDr vkSj e`rd :ds Fks] vfHk;kstu i{k }kjk ijhf{kr vU;
lk{khx.k ds c;ku vkSj iznf'kZr nLrkostkr ls ugha gksrh gSA fQj Hkh ;fn
fxjkZt izlkn ¼ih-MCY;w-&1½ ds c;kuksa ij fo'okl djsa vkSj ;g ekusa fd
ehuk /keZ'kkyk ds dejk uacj 32 esa vihykFkhZ@vfHk;qDr o e`rd gh :ds Fks
vkSj vihykFkhZ@vfHk;qDr us gh e`rd dh gR;k dkfjr dh gksxh] rks Hkh bl
lansg ds vk/kkj ij vihykFkhZ@vfHk;qDr dks nks"kfl) ugha fd;k tk ldrk
gS] D;ksafd fxjkZt izlkn ¼ih-MCY;w-&1½ ds vuqlkj mlus vihykFkhZ@vfHk;qDr
o e`rd dks vafre ckj fnukad 10-03-2002 dks 'kke dks ns[kk FkkA fnukad
[2026:RJ-JP:4433-DB] (16 of 23) [CRLA-736/2003]
10-03-2002 dh 'kke ls fnukad 13-03-2002 dks nksigj ds e/; e`rd dgka
jgk] fdlds lkFk jgk] fdu ifjfLFkfr;ksa esa jgk] ?kVuk ds bl Øe dks
vfHk;kstu i{k ekSf[kd o nLrkosth lk{; ds ek/;e ls lkfcr ugha dj
ik;k gSA bl laca/k esa ekuuh; mPpre U;k;ky; ds fofu'p; Ravishankar
Tandon Vs State of Chattisgarh; Criminal Appeal No. 3869/2023; Order
Dated 10.04.2024 ds lqlaxr Hkkx dks ;gka mYysf[kr fd;k tkuk U;k;ksfpr
gksxk%&
"10. It is settled law that suspicion, however strong it
may be, cannot take the place of proof beyond
reasonable doubt. An accused cannot be convicted on
the ground of suspicion, no matter how strong it isAn
accused is presumed to be innocent unless proved guilty
beyond a reasonable doubt".
mDr fofu'p; esa ekuuh; mPpre U;k;ky; us ;g vfHkfu/kkZfjr
fd;k gS fd dsoy lansg ds vk/kkj ij vfHk;qDr dks nks"kfl) ugha fd;k tk
ldrk gS] tc rd fd ifjfLFkfrtU; lk{; dM+h ls dM+h tksM+dj ;g
lkfcr ugha djrs gksa fd vihykFkhZ@vfHk;qDr us gh rFkkdfFkr vijk/k
dkfjr fd;k gSA
gR;k ds vijk/k dks lkfcr djus ds fy, vijk/k dkfjr djus dk
gSrqd ¼Motive½ viuk egRoiw.kZ LFkku j[krk gSA orZeku izdj.k esa tgka rd
vihykFkhZ@vfHk;qDr }kjk e`rd dh gR;k dkfjr fd;s tkus ds gSrqd dk
iz'u gS] rks e`rd ds firk ih-MCY;w-&18 nsoyky bl izdj.k esa ijhf{kr gq,
gSa] ftuds c;ku ds vuqlkj vihykFkhZ@vfHk;qDr d`".k eqjkjh o mldk csVk
izsepan mQZ eDdw isafVax dk dke djrs Fks vkSj mudh vkil esa vPNh
tku&igpku Fkh vkSj vihykFkhZ@vfHk;qDr dk mlds ?kj ij dkQh
vkuk&tkuk Fkk vkSj muds chp esa vPNs laca/k FksA e`rd ds firk us vius
[2026:RJ-JP:4433-DB] (17 of 23) [CRLA-736/2003]
c;ku dh izfrijh{kk esa Li"V :i ls dFku fd;k gS fd mlds csVs izsepan o
d`".k eqjkjh ds chp esa igys ls dksbZ jaft'k ugha Fkh] ysfdu bl
lk{kh }kjk ;g Hkh dFku fd;k x;k gS fd mldk iq= d`".k eqjkjh ls dkQh
le; ls iSls ekaxrk Fkk] tks ns ugha jgk FkkA bl pDdj esa og Qalkdj
yk;k FkkA e`rd vihykFkhZ@vfHk;qDr ls fdrus iSls ekaxrk Fkk] e`rd us
vihykFkhZ@vfHk;qDr dks fdrus iSls dc fn;s] fdl mn~ns'; ls fn;s] bl
laca/k esa vfHk;kstu i{k dh vksj ls fdlh izdkj dh dksbZ lk{; izLrqr ugha
dh x;h gSA bl izdj.k esa e`rd ds pkpk ih-MCY;w-&19 uanyky vkSj
ih-MCY;w-&20 dkywjke ijhf{kr gq, gSa] ftUgksaus vius c;kuksa dh izfrijh{kk esa
e`rd vkSj vihykFkhZ ds chp fdlh izdkj dh dksbZ jaft'k gksus dk rF; ugha
dgk gSA vfHk;kstu i{k }kjk ijhf{kr vU; lk{khx.k us Hkh vius c;kuksa
esa ;g ugha dgk gS fd vihykFkhZ@vfHk;qDr o e`rd ds chp esa dksbZ jaft'k
Fkh vkSj ml jaft'k ds dkj.k gh vihykFkhZ@vfHk;qDr us e`rd dh gR;k
dkfjr dh gksA ,slh fLFkfr esa vihykFkhZ@vfHk;qDr }kjk e`rd dh gR;k
dkfjr djus dk dksbZ gSrqd ¼Motive½ bl izdj.k esa lkfcr ugha gksrk gSA
e`rd ds firk ih-MCY;w-&18 nsoyky] e`rd ds pkpk ih-MCY;w-&19
uanyky o ih-MCY;w-&20 dkywjke }kjk e`rd dk vihykFkhZ@vfHk;qDr ds
lkFk fnukad 05-03-2002 dks ?kj ls tkuk crk;k gSA e`rd vkSj vfHk;qDr ih-
MCY;w-&18 nsoyky ds ?kj ls dc lokbZek/kksiqj vk;s vkSj dc xaxkiqj x;s]
bl laca/k esa ih-MCY;w-&18 nsoyky dks fdlh izdkj dh dksbZ tkudkjh ugha
gSA fnukad 05-03-2002 ls fnukad 08-03-2002 rd vihykFkhZ@vfHk;qDr o
e`rd lokbZek/kksiqj esa ;k xaxkiqj flVh esa lkFk jgs ;k ugha jgs] ;k dgka jgs]
bl laca/k esa Hkh dksbZ lk{; vfHk;kstu i{k }kjk izLrqr ugha dh x;h gSA
ih-MCY;w-&23 nsosUnz dqekj vius c;kuksa esa ;g dFku djrk gS fd
fpÙkkSM+x<+ ls v'kksdk ,MojVkbZftax lfoZl daiuh ls ts-ds- lhesaV ds
[2026:RJ-JP:4433-DB] (18 of 23) [CRLA-736/2003]
foKkiu dk Bsdk Qjojh] 2002 esa feyk Fkk vkSj lokbZek/kksiqj ftys ds fy,
vihykFkhZ@vfHk;qDr d`".k eqjkjh dks isafVax dk dke fn;k Fkk vkSj 5]000@&
#i;s nsdj mls dksVk ls jokuk dj fn;kA igys ;s lokbZek/kksiqj Mhyj ds
ikl x;s vkSj Mhyj us mUgsa xaxkiqj ds Mhyj ds uke fn;sA ih-MCY;w-&23
nsosUnz dqekj us vius c;ku esa ;g ugha crk;k gS fd mlus
vihykFkhZ@vfHk;qDr d`".k eqjkjh dks lokbZek/kksiqj dkSuls Mhyj ds ikl
Hkstk vkSj lokbZek/kksiqj ds dkSuls Mhyj us vihykFkhZ@vfHk;qDr dks xaxkiqj
Mhyj ds ikl HkstkA ih-MCY;w-&23 nsosUnz dqekj ds c;ku ls ;g Li"V ugha
gksrk gS fd tc mlus vihykFkhZ@vfHk;qDr dks fnukad 05-03-2002 dks
5]000@& #i;s nsdj dksVk ls lokbZek/kksiqj ds fy, jokuk fd;k] rc e`rd
Hkh mlds lkFk gksA mldh izfrijh{kk ls ;g Li"V ugha gksrk gS fd mls
v'kksdk ,MojVkbZftax lfoZl ls ts-ds- lhesaV ds foKkiu dk Bsdk feyk gks
vkSj mldh dksbZ fy[kki<+h djds vihykFkhZ@vfHk;qDr dks 5]000@& #i;s
fn;s gksa] D;ksafd bl laca/k esa dksbZ nLrkosth lk{; bl lk{kh dh vksj ls
izLrqr ugha dh x;h gSA
ih-MCY;w-&4 dY;k.k izlkn xks;y] tks ts-ds- lhesaV dk lc&Mhyj gS]
ftldh ftus'k vxzoky VªsfMax daiuh lokbZek/kksiqj ds ikl gS] og vius
c;kuksa dh eq[; ijh{kk esa dFku djrk gS fd mlus mu nksuksa dks lqjs'k pan
vkSj gfjeksgu ds ikl fHktok fn;kA nks vkneh dkSu Fks] muds uke
ih-MCY;w-&4 dY;k.k izlkn xks;y us vius c;ku esa ugha crk;s gaSA lqjs'k
pan vkSj gfjeksgu vfHk;kstu i{k }kjk ijhf{kr ugha djok;s x;s gSa]
ftlls ;g Li"V ugha gksrk gS fd vihykFkhZ@vfHk;qDr o e`rd dks isafVax
dk dke djus ds fy, ih-MCY;w-&4 dY;k.k izlkn xks;y us lqjs'k pan o
gfjeksgu ds ikl Hkstk gksA ih-MCY;w-&4 dY;k.k izlkn xks;y us vius c;ku
[2026:RJ-JP:4433-DB] (19 of 23) [CRLA-736/2003]
esa vankts ls vfHk;qDr ds ckjs esa ;g crk;k gS fd ;g og O;fDr gks ldrk
gS] ftls eSaus Hkstk gks ;k 200@& #i;s m/kkj fn;s gksaA
ih-MCY;w-&10 eksgu flag us vius c;ku esa ;g ugha crk;k gS fd
vihykFkhZ@vfHk;qDr o e`rd ts-ds- lhesaV ds foKkiu fy[kus okys mldh
nqdku ij vk;s gksaA ;g lk{kh vfHk;kstu i{k }kjk i{knzksgh ?kksf"kr gqvk
gSA ,slh fLFkfr esa vfHk;kstu i{k }kjk ijhf{kr fdlh Hkh lk{kh ds c;kuksa ls
;g Li"V ugha gksrk gS fd vihykFkhZ@vfHk;qDr o e`rd isafVax dk dke
djus ds fy, dksVk ls lokbZek/kksiqj vkSj lokbZek/kksiqj ls xaxkiqj flVh vk;s
gksa vkSj xaxkiqj flVh esa ehuk /keZ'kkyk esa fnukad 08-03-2002 dks :ds gksaA
fnukad 05-03-2002 ls fnukad 08-03-2002 rd vihykFkhZ@vfHk;qDr o e`rd
dgka jgs] dgka dke fd;k] lkFk jgs ;k ugha jgs] bl laca/k esa Hkh dksbZ lk{;
vfHk;kstu i{k }kjk izLrqr ugha dh x;h gSA
vfHk;kstu i{k }kjk tks vU; lk{kh ijhf{kr djok;s x;s gSa vkSj tks
nLrkost iznf'kZr djok;s x;s gSa] muds voyksdu ls Hkh vfHk;kstu i{k
vihykFkhZ@vfHk;qDr ds fo#) vkjksfir vijk/k dks lansg ls ijs lkfcr
djus esa vlQy jgk gSA vUos"k.k vf/kdkjh ih-MCY;w-&22 jktsUnz flag us
ih-MCY;w-&9 dyqok xqtZj o ih-MCY;w-&16 eksgEen lkfcj dh mifLFkfr esa
vihykFkhZ@vfHk;qDr d`".k eqjkjh dh /kkjk 27 lk{; vf/kfu;e dh lwpuk
¼izn'kZ ih&32½ ds vk/kkj ij tfj;s izn'kZ ih&16 QnZ cjkenxh uknkSrh jksM+]
lSfud uxj esa cka;h rjQ [kqys Hkw[k.M ds lkeus cg jgs xans ukys esa xkM+h
gqbZ diM+s dh iksVyh tCr dh] ftlesa ,d isaV dkys jax dh] ftlesa [kwu ds
/kCcs Fks] ,d 'kVZ lQsn [kM+h /kkjh dh] ftlesa Hkh [kwu ds /kCcs Fks] ,d isaV
vkSj ,d 'kVZ iwjh vkLrhu dh lQsn jax dh ftlesa Hkh [kwu ds /kCcs yxs gq,
Fks vkSj ,d dqYgkM+h] ftlesa feV~Vh [kwu yxk gqvk Fkk] dks tCr fd;kA
mDr izn'kZ ih&16 QnZ cjkenxh ls lacaf/kr Lora= lk{kh ih-MCY;w-&9 dyqok
[2026:RJ-JP:4433-DB] (20 of 23) [CRLA-736/2003]
xqtZj o ih-MCY;w-&16 eks- lkfcj vfHk;kstu i{k }kjk i{knzksgh ?kksf"kr gq, gSa
vkSj os vius c;kuksa esa ;g dFku djrs gSa fd iqfyl us dksbZ lkeku muds
lkeus vihykFkhZ@vfHk;qDr ls cjken ugha fd;k vkSj [kkyh dkxtksa ij
nLr[kr djok fy;s FksA ,slh fLFkfr esa vihykFkhZ@vfHk;qDr ls dh x;h QnZ
cjkenxh izn'kZ ih&16 lansgkLin gSA
blds vfrfjDr ;fn izn'kZ ih&16 QnZ cjkenxh ij fo'okl Hkh djsa
rks vfHk;kstu i{k us fof/k foKku iz;ksx'kkyk dh ,slh dksbZ fjiksVZ dks
iznf'kZr ugha djok;k gS] ftlls ;g Li"V gksrk gks fd vihykFkhZ@vfHk;qDr
ds dCts ls tks isaV] 'kVZ o dqYgkM+h cjken gqbZ] mu ij tks [kwu ds fu'kku
yxs gq, Fks] os [kwu ds fu'kku e`rd izsepan ds gh FksA ,slh fLFkfr esa izn'kZ
ih&16 QnZ cjkenxh ds vk/kkj ij vihykFkhZ@vfHk;qDr ls tCr diM+s o
dqYgkM+h ls Hkh ;g lkfcr ugha gksrk gS fd vihykFkhZ@vfHk;qDr us e`rd dh
gR;k dkfjr dh gksA vUos"k.k vf/kdkjh ih-MCY;w-&22 us vihykFkhZ@vfHk;qDr
ds dCts ls dqYgkM+h cjken dh gSA dqYgkM+h dh dksbZ Hkh pksV e`rd ds
vk;h gks vkSj mlls e`rd dh e`R;q dkfjr gqbZ gks] bl rF; dh iqf"V
ih-MCY;w-&12 MkW- lR;ukjk;.k vkSj ih-MCY;w-&14 MkW- f'ko flag ds c;ku
vkSj izn'kZ ih&25 iksLVekVZe fjiksVZ ls ugha gksrh gSA ih-MCY;w-&12 MkW-
lR;ukjk;.k o ih-MCY;w-&14 MkW- f'ko flag pkSgku ds c;kuksa ds vuqlkj
e`rd dh e`R;q ân; o 'okl xfr :dus ds dkj.k gqbZ FkhA dqYgkM+h ds
/kkjnkj Hkkx ls ;k dqUn Hkkx ls e`rd ds dksbZ pksV vk;h gks vkSj mlls
e`rd dh e`R;q dkfjr gqbZ gks] bl rF; dh iqf"V fpfdRldh; lk{; ls ugha
gksrh gSA
vfHk;kstu i{k }kjk izLrqr ekSf[kd o nLrkosth lk{; ls vfHk;kstu
dgkuh ij ;qfDr;qDr :i ls lansg mRiUu gksrk gSA ih-MCY;w-&21 dSyk'k
Hkxorh] tks ojoDr ?kVuk xaxkiqj esa Fkkukf/kdkjh ds in ij Fkk] ftlus
[2026:RJ-JP:4433-DB] (21 of 23) [CRLA-736/2003]
izn'kZ ih&13 QnZ tCrh fnukad 14-03-2002 dks cuk;h vkSj e`rd ls ,d
'kVZ] dkyh isaV o ,d ?kM+h tCr dhA izn'kZ ih&13 QnZ tCrh esa ;g
Li"V :i ls vafdr fd;k x;k gS fd mDr lkexzh dks lhy eksgj dj QnZ
ij ekdkZ&lh yxk;k x;kA ih-MCY;w-&21 dSyk'k Hkxorh izn'kZ ih&13 QnZ
tCrh esa vafdr rF;ksa ls foijhr dFku vius c;ku dh eq[; ijh{kk esa djrk
gSA izn'kZ ih&13 ds vk/kkj ij fnukad 14-03-2002 dks e`rd ls tCr lkexzh
dks lhy eksgj dj fn;k x;k Fkk] tcfd ih-MCY;w-&21 dSyk'k Hkxorh us
vius c;ku esa ;g dFku fd;k gS fd mlus fnukad 14-03-2002 dks lhy
eksgj ugha fd;s Fks] D;ksafd muesa cncw Fkh vkSj cQZ ij ysVkus ds dkj.k xhys
gks x;s FksA mDr xokg fnukad 15-03-2002 dks mDr lkexzh lhy eksgj
djus dk dFku djrk gS] tcfd izn'kZ ih&13 QnZ tCrh ds vuqlkj fnukad
14-03-2002 dks e`rd ls tCr dh x;h lkexzh lhy dj nh x;h FkhA ,slh
fLFkfr esa izn'kZ ih&13 QnZ tCrh Hkh lansgkLin gSA
bl izdj.k esa vUos"k.k vf/kdkjh }kjk izn'kZ ih&3 uD'kkekSdk
o ?kVukLFky gkykr ekSdk cuk;k x;k gS] mlesa tgka ,d rjQ dejk uacj
32 ?kVukLFky ij dkQh [kwu o ikuh QSyk gksuk crk;k gS] ogha mDr izn'kZ
ih&3 uD'kkekSdk esa tks uksV Mkyk gS] mlesa ekSds ij fdlh izdkj dk [kwu
utj ugha vkuk crk;k gSA ,slh fLFkfr esa vUos"k.k vf/kdkjh us ,d rjQ rks
izn'kZ ih&3 gkykr ?kVukLFky esa ekSds ij [kwu crk;k gS] ogha nwljh rjQ
bl rF; ls bUdkj fd;k gS vkSj bl rF; dk dksbZ Hkh Li"Vhdj.k vUos"k.k
vf/kdkjh us vius c;kuksa esa ugha fn;k gSA izn'kZ ih&4 ?kVuk dk fooj.k
iznf'kZr gqvk gS] ftlesa e`rd dh yk'k ds cnu ij dksbZ tkfgjk pksV vkuk
ugha crk;k x;k gSA vfHk;qDr us dqYgkM+h ls ;k vU; fdlh gfFk;kj ls
e`rd dh gR;k dkfjr dh gks] ,slh Hkh dksbZ ifjfLFkfrtU; lk{; dks
Ja`[kykc) :i ls vfHk;kstu i{k }kjk Li"V ugha fd;k x;k gSA
[2026:RJ-JP:4433-DB] (22 of 23) [CRLA-736/2003]
bl izdj.k esa vihykFkhZ@vfHk;qDr dh lwpuk ds vk/kkj ij vUos"k.k
vf/kdkjh us tfj;s izn'kZ ih&14 LdwVj tCr fd;k gSA mDr LdwVj
dks ?kVuk dkfjr djus esa iz;ksx esa fy;k gks ;k ml LdwVj dh vijk/k
dkfjr djus esa dksbZ rkjrE;rk gks] ,slh dksbZ Hkh lk{; vfHk;kstu i{k }kjk
izLrqr ugha dh x;h gSA bl izdj.k esa izn'kZ ih&35 fof/k foKku iz;ksx'kkyk
dh fjiksVZ iznf'kZr gqbZ gS] ftlesa izn'kZ 1, 2 (From A), 5, 6 (From E), 7 (From
F) esa ,&xzqi dk ekuo jDr ik;k x;k gSA mDr ekuo jDr e`rd dk
gks] ;g rF; izn'kZ ih&35 ls Li"V ugha gqvk gSA ,slh fLFkfr esa
vihykFkhZ@vfHk;qDr ds dCts ls dh x;h cjkenxh] fof/k foKku iz;ksx'kkyk
dh fjiksVZ] fpfdRldh; lk{;] ijhf{kr lk{khx.k vkSj iznf'kZr nLrkostkr ls
;g Li"V ugha gksrk gS fd vihykFkhZ@vfHk;qDr us vU; fdlh lgvfHk;qDr
ds lkFk feydj e`rd dh gR;k dkfjr djus ds fdlh gSrqd ¼Motive½ ds
vk/kkj ij e`rd dh gR;k dkfjr dh gksA
mi;qZä fl)karksa rFkk ekuuh; loksZPp U;k;ky; }kjk çfrikfnr fofèk
dks –f"Vxr j[krs gq, gekjk ;g er gS fd fopkj.k U;k;ky; }kjk çdj.k
dk fuLrkj.k djrs le; mi;qZä igyqvksa ij fopkj ugÈ fd;k x;kA
;g fofèk dk lqLFkkfir fl)kar gS fd vfHk;kstu i{k ij ;g nkf;Ro gksrk gS
fd og viuk ekeyk lansg ls ijs fl) djsA tc Hkh vfHk;kstu ds çdj.k
esa dksà lansg mRiUu gksrk gS] rks mldk ykHk vfHk;qä dks fn;k tkuk
vfuok;Z gksrk gSA orZeku çdj.k esa vfHk;kstu i{k vfHk;qä ds fo#) viuk
ekeyk fl) djus esa vlQy jgk gSA vr% gekjs er esa vfHk;qä dh
nks"kflf) ,oa n.Mkns'k fujLr fd, tkus ;ksX; gSaA
ifj.kkeLo:i vihykFkhZ@vfHk;qDr dh vksj ls izLrqr ;g vkijkf/kd
vihy Lohdkj dh tkrh gS rFkk fo}ku fopkj.k U;k;ky; }kjk ikfjr
vkyksP; fu.kZ; o n.Mkns'k fnukad 31-03-2003 vikLr fd;k tkrk gS ,oa
[2026:RJ-JP:4433-DB] (23 of 23) [CRLA-736/2003]
viykFkhZ@vfHk;qä d`".k eqjkjh iq= enu yky dks mlds fo#) vkjksfir
vijk/k varxZr /kkjk 302 Hkkjrh; n.M lafgrk vFkkZr lHkh vkjksiksa ls
nks"keqä ?kksf"kr fd;k tkrk gSA
vihykFkhZ@vfHk;qDr tekur ij gS] mldh vksj ls iwoZ esa izLrqr
tekur eqpyds fujLr fd;s tkrs gSa rFkk Hkkjrh; ukxfjd lqj{kk lafgrk]
2023 dh èkkjk 481 ds çkoèkku ds vuqlkj vihykFkhZ dks funsZf'kr fd;k
tkrk gS fd og bl U;k;ky; ds jftLVªkj ¼U;kf;d½ ds le{k 25]000@&
¼iPphl gtkj #i;s½ dh O;fäxr tekur rFkk leku jkf'k dk ,d çfrHkw]
tks Ng ekg dh vofèk rd çHkkoh jgsxk] bl 'krZ ds lkFk izLrqr djs
fd ;fn bl fu.kZ; ds fo#) fo'ks"k vuqefr ;kfpdk nk;j dh tkrh gS
vFkok vuqefr çnku dh tkrh gS] rks vihykFkhZ dks mldh lwpuk çkIr gksus
ij ekuuh; loksZPp U;k;ky; ds le{k mifLFkr gks tk,xkA
fo}ku fopkj.k U;k;ky; dk vfHkys[k bl fu.kZ; dh ,d izfr ds
lkFk ykSVk;k tkosA
(CHANDRA PRAKASH SHRIMALI),J (MAHENDAR KUMAR GOYAL),J
MANISH SAINI /Res.
Legal Notes
Add a Note....