REPORTABLE

IN THE SUPREME COURT OF INDIA

CRIMINAL APPELLATE JURISDICTION

CRIMINAL APPEAL NO. 1374 OF 2009

(Arising out of SLP (Crl.) No.4129 of 2004)

M.M. Cooperative Bank Ltd. … Appellant

Versus

J.P. Bhimani & Anr. … Respondents

J U D G M E N T

S.B. Sinha, J.

1.Leave granted.

2.Appellant-Madhavpura Mercantile Cooperative Bank Ltd. (the bank)

is a banking organisation incorporated and registered under the Maharashtra

Co-operative Societies Act. It is now under a reconstruction scheme as

contemplated by Section 15(b) of the Multi State Cooperative Societies Act,

1984 (for short, the ‘1984 Act’) since repealed and replaced by the Multi

State Cooperative Societies Act, 2002. The said reconstruction scheme was

framed as directed by the Ministry of Agriculture, Department of

Agriculture and Cooperation of the Government of India.

3.The bank at present is managed by a Board of Management

constituted in terms of the said scheme. Indisputably, the Board of Directors

of the bank was superseded and an Administrator was appointed by an order

dated 15.3.2001 in terms of Sub-section (7) of Section 58 of the 1984 Act.

Allegedly, the Administrator, after his appointment unearthed a large scale

scam and defalcation of money made by several persons including the

respondents herein by committing fraud of an unprecedented scale to the

tune of crores of rupees.

A criminal complaint registered as C.R.8 of 2003 was filed, inter alia,

against the respondents alleging siphoning of the funds by the accused in

conspiracy with each other and, thus, they are said to have committed

offences punishable under Sections 406, 409, 420, 467, 471 and 120B of the

Indian Penal Code. The amount involved in the aforementioned complaint

is said to be Rs.8 crores.

Respondent was arrested on 22.7.2003. He filed an application for

grant of bail before the learned Sessions Judge. An affidavit was affirmed

on behalf of the appellant opposing the said application wherein it was

alleged that the amount involved was Rs.60 crores and not 8 crores. It was

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alleged that several other complaints have also been filed against the first

respondent. Before the learned Sessions Judge, an offer was made on behalf

of the first respondent to make payment of some dues.

The learned Sessions Judge, however, rejected the said prayer for

grant of bail, inter alia, opining that as the first respondent in association

with the other accused cheated the bank and committed misappropriation,

they cannot be directed to be released on bail, stating :

“Due to this reason the academic future of several

students was endangered, and many marriages

were held-back, auspicious functions were held-

up, the treatment of several persons was held-up,

there were difficulties in several families. The

senior citizens and widowed women were

dependant on the interest from the Bank and were

maintaining their families, their plain bread got

snatched from them. Several families came under

grave difficulties. Even at very old age several

persons were compelled to start work afresh with

new energies, they were subjected to such difficult

times, or that those persons who could not work

they become helpless and dependant. The sole

cause behind all this was that the Bank Chairman,

Manager, Managing Director, a handful of Officers

and a handful of investors of the Madhavpura

Bank for satisfying their own financial interests,

conspired and misappropriated the bank funds.

Due to their financial greed, and because of their

acts so many people have become paupers. In

these circumstances, the cheating of large amount

is done and are involved in the conspiracy of

misappropriation of the bank funds, if such persons

involved in such acts are released on bail then if on

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release on bail there would definitely be adverse

on the Society.”

4.The first respondent thereafter filed an application for grant of bail

before the High Court. A learned Single Judge of the said Court upon taking

into consideration the readiness and willingness on his part to make payment

of Rs.2384 lacs allowed the said application stating that at that stage, it was

difficult to positively infer any conspiracy with the Management considering

the past transactions. It was, however, noticed :

“However, it would be appropriate to note at this

stage that learned advocate Mr. Lakhani, after

obtaining the instructions from his client, has made

a statement at the Bar that the applicant shall

within a week from the date of his release deposit

an amount of Rs.50 lakhs with MMCB. He also

states that an amount of Rs.150 lakhs will be paid

in monthly installments of Rs.30 lakhs each. The

first installment is to be payable on 15

th

April,

2004 with a grace period of 5 days. The last such

installment would be payable on 15

th

August, 2004

with a grace period of 5 days, that is by 20

th

August, 2004. Mr. Lakhani also states that the

mortgaged property worth Rs.150 lakhs would be

sold out by the applicant with the consent of the

bank and the sale proceeds would be deposited

with MMCB directly within four months from

today. He also states that the applicant shall,

within eight weeks from the date of his release,

tender a list of freehold properties held by third

parties (not being the borrowers of the bank) along

with their consent and title clearance report and the

bank would be free to deal with such properties in

the manner bank likes for the recovery of the dues

and the applicant shall extend cooperation in

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dealing with such properties. Mr. Lakhani stated

that so far as rest of the amount nearing Rs.805

lakhs approximately would be repaid by the

applicant in minimum monthly installments of

Rs.10 lakhs after initial period of six months is

over, which would commence from September,

2004. He, however, states that the applicant will

also make all his endeavour to repay the banks

dues as early as possible. Mr. Lakhani has stated

that he has made this statement on the basis of the

instructions which he has received from his client

and the applicant shall file his undertaking on this

line within one week from the date of his release.”

A large number of conditions, however, were attached by the High

Court for grant of bail in favour of the first respondent which are as under :

“(a)The applicant shall file an undertaking on

the lines of the statement made by the

learned advocate Mr. Lakhani before this

court within one week from the date of his

release and shall abide by the said

undertaking;

(b)The applicant shall surrender his passport, if

he is holding it, to the Court;

(c)The applicant shall not influence the

witnesses or tamper with any documents;

(d)The applicant shall remain present and mark

his presence at the Prevention of Economic

Offences Cell, CID (Crime), Gandhinagar

Zone Police Station, on every 2

nd

Sunday of

even number English Calendar month

between 9 am to 2 pm;

(e)At the time of execution of the bonds, the

applicant shall furnish his address to the

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investigating officer and the court concerned

and shall not change his residence till the

final disposal of the case or till further

orders in that regards;

(f)The applicant shall not leave the limits of

India without the prior permission of this

Court;

(g)The applicant shall not directly or indirectly

make any inducement, threat or promise to

any person acquainted with the fact of the

case so as to dissuade him from disclosing

such facts to the court or to any police

officer;

(h)The applicant shall not do any act

prejudicial to the interest of the Prosecution.

(i)The applicant shall deposit an amount of

Rs.50 lakhs with MMCB within a period of

one week from the date of his release, as

already stated by him.

(j)The aforesaid amounts are ordered to be

deposited without prejudice to the rights of

the parties and the same shall be subject to

the final outcome in the Lavad Suit(s).

(k)The applicant shall abide by the above

conditions scrupulously and in case of

violation of any other conditions, the

complainant bank would be at liberty to

move this court for cancellation of bail.”

5.Mr. R.F. Nariman, learned senior counsel appearing on behalf of the

appellant, would contend that the High Court committed a serious error in

releasing the first respondent on bail in so far as it failed to take into

consideration that as the total amount involved in the scam is huge viz. to

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the tune of 107 crores of rupees. It was urged that in any event, keeping in

view the offer made by the appellant, he should at least be directed to pay a

sum of Rs.41 crores. Our attention, in this behalf, has been drawn to

Annexure-A/1 appended to the affidavit in reply filed by the appellant bank

which reads as under :

“(Rs. in crores)

Amount of

principal dues

Amount of principal dues claimed by

MMCB as per affidavit

Less : (I) A/cs not pertaining to Jayesh

Bhimani Group

(a)Sahyog Chemicals

(b)Kishanlail Verma

(II)Excess amount shown in one of

Group A/c.M/s Doshi Chemical

Industries (13 reported instead

of

10)

Correct position of Principal Dues

0.40

0.70 1.10

3.00

45.78

4.10

_____

41.68

Total amount of principal dues

Less : Interest paid out of increased

limit in various Group concerns of

Bhimani Group

Amount paid after suspension of

MMCB

15.84

2.00

41.68

17.84_

Amount actually parted with by

MMCB

23.84 ”

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6.Mr. I.H. Syed, learned counsel appearing on behalf of respondent

No.1, on the other hand, would contend that the respondent had been granted

bail after remaining behind the bar for about eight months. The present

complaint, it was urged, merely involving 8 crores of rupees and in any

event, even if the advances to the other concerns of the respondents are

taken into consideration, the same would come to Rs.23.84 crores, this

Court, thus, should not exercise its discretionary jurisdiction in interfering

with the impugned judgment, particularly, when the respondent No.1 had

made payments in terms of the directions of the High Court.

We may at the outset notice that the High Court issued the directions

on the basis of the offer made on behalf of the respondent No.1 which reads

as under :

“The learned advocate Mr. Lakhani appearing for

the applicant submitted that a picture is sought to

be drawn by the prosecution that the applicant has

been transacting the bank since 1977 and has

indulged in irregular transactions from the

beginning throughout the period but the fact is

otherwise and he tried to demonstrate the same

from the papers of the prosecution itself. Mr.

Lakhani submitted that the applicant is a

businessman and a regular loanee of the Bank. He

has been regulating repaying the dues to the bank.

Mr. Lakhani, of course, in all fairness, conceded

that there appear to be come procedural lapses but,

there are no intentional violations of the banking

rules at the hands of the applicant. He submitted

that the charge sheet does not indicate any forgery

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to have been committed by the applicant. Mr.

Lakhani submitted that the applicant has no

criminal antecedents. The trial is likely to take

time. The bank would not be benefited and

consequently the depositors of the bank would not

be benefited by keeping the applicant behind the

bars. The interest would go on mounting.

Recovery would be delayed and probably may

become impossible. Mr. Lakhani submitted that

the applicant is a businessman who had a

reasonably large business of roughly Rs.100 crores

of rupees turn over in a year and if he is permitted

to be out of jail pending the trial, he will be able to

recover his dues from his debtors and in turn, pass

them over to the bank. The applicant is also

prepared to make repayment of reasonable amount

up front and some amount by way of installments.

The applicant is also prepared to sell the property

mortgaged to the bank and submit the sale

proceeds to the bank. He submitted that the

applicant would also tender details of freehold

property of third parties with their consent letters

and title clearance report to the bank and put those

properties at the disposal of the bank, which can be

dealt with by the bank and the applicant mutually

cooperates for recovery of the money. Mr.

Lakhani submits that the applicant will undertake

to recover the money from his debtors and repay it

to the bank in a minimum of monthly deposit of

Rs.10 lakhs, after initial period of six months, as

has been indicated in the affidavit, sworn by the

applicant before notary and produced before the

notary and produced before the trial court, which is

forming part of this application as Annexure-D.

Mr. Lakhani submitted that the applicant is not in

any way hardened criminal. Mr. Lakhani

submitted that the charge sheet relates to only one

firm, namely M/s. Prabhudas Mohanlal Bhimani

for an amount of Rs.800 lakhs. The offer is being

made by the applicant to take care of the firms or

companies with which the applicant is concerned.

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As indicated in the affidavit of Deepakrai Parekh

in the table in Annexure-C except item No.9 and

10 and part of item No.4”

A further affidavit was affirmed by the respondent to the said effect.

7.We may furthermore notice that a large number of civil litigations are

also pending including the ones forming the subject matter of awards passed

by the Arbitrators in different arbitrations proceedings, the details whereof

are as under :

SrCompany

name

Lavad

Suits

Status Arbitration

Disputes

Status Civil

Application

Status

1.Shah

Bhimani

Chemical

Pvt. Ltd.

2568/02Withdrawn

by bank

79/03 Award

Declared

(18.08.06)

567/06 Pending

with

competent

court

2.Doshi

Chemical

Industries

-- -- 208/03 Award

Declared

(25.07.06)

434/06 Pending

with

competent

court

3.Prabhuda

s

Mohanlal

Bhimani

-- -- Award

Declared

(18.08.06)

568/06 Pending

with

competent

court

4.Jinal

Chem Pvt.

Ltd.

2566/02Withdrawn

by bank

96/2005 Award

Declared

(9.10.06)

40/07 Pending

with

competent

court

5.Parin

Chemicals

1695/02Matter

pending for

cross

examination

-- -- -- --

6.Shah

Bhimani

Petro

Terminals

Pvt. Ltd.

639/02

640/02

Matter

pending for

cross

examination

-- -- -- --

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8.The impugned judgment of the High Court was passed on 9.3.2004.

Respondent No.1, indisputably, substantively complied with the directions

issued by the High Court. He had deposited a sum of Rs.50 lakhs. He had

also deposited installments of Rs.30 lakhs each per month. The respondent

No.1 was to tender a list of properties held by third parties not being the

borrowers of the bank along with their consent and support and the bank was

free to deal with such properties in the manner it likes for recovery of the

amount. It furthermore appears that the first respondent sold his residential

house with his brother as well as his officer whereafter a deposit of Rs.150

lakhs in addition of the amounts mentioned in para 2 and 3 of the further

affidavit was made.

9.The bank, as noticed hereinbefore, had also instituted civil

proceedings by filing arbitration suits for recovery of total dues against the

first respondent.

10.The power of the superior courts to enlarge an accused on bail is not

in dispute. The High Court while enlarging the first respondent on bail,

taking into consideration the materials on record, had issued stringent

conditions. It is not the case of the appellant that such conditions have been

contravened by the first respondent. Even if some contraventions have been

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made, the same could be brought to the notice of the High Court. The fact

that the first respondent has substantively complied with the directions of the

High Court is also not in dispute.

11.Submissions of Mr. Nariman that the first respondent should be

directed to pay at least a sum of Rs.41 crores cannot be accepted. Subject

matter of the first information report was only Rs.8 crores. Other complaint

petitions as also civil litigation are pending. In absence of any material

brought on record before us to show that respondent No.1 has not complied

with the conditions imposed on him by the High Court, it is difficult to

interfere with the impugned judgment. The Court, while granting bail

cannot impose unreasonable conditions. {See Fida Hussain Bohra v. The

State of Maharashtra [2009 (3) SCALE 419]; Ramathal & Ors. v. Inspector

of Police & Anr. [2009 (3) SCALE 550]; and I. Glaskasden Grace & Ors. v.

Inspector of Police & Anr. [2009 (3) SCALE 554]}.

12.Furthermore, the impugned judgment having been passed in the year

2004, in our opinion, it is not a fit case where this Court should exercise its

jurisdiction under Article 136 of the Constitution of India.

13.For the reasons aforementioned, there is no merit in the appeal. It is

dismissed accordingly. However, in the facts and circumstances of this case,

there shall be no order as to costs.

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……………………………….J.

[S.B. Sinha]

..…………………………..…J.

[Cyriac Joseph]

New Delhi;

July 31, 2009

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