WP(C) No.1485/2021 Page 1 of 18

IN THE HIGH COURT OF JAMMU & KASHMIR AND

LADAKH AT SRINAGAR

Reserved on: 25.07.2024

Pronounced on: 02.08.2024

WP(C) No.1485/2021

MOHAMMAD ABDULLAH CHOWDHARY ... PETITIONER(S)

Through: - Mr. Z. A. Shah, Sr. Adv. with

Mr. Hanan, Advocate.

Vs.

J&K SMALL SCALE INDUSTRIES DEV.

CORPORATION AND OTHERS …RESPONDENT(S)

Through: - Ms. Rekha Wangnoo, GA.

CORAM: HON’BLE MR. JUSTICE SANJAY DHAR, JUDGE

JUDGMENT

1) The reliefs prayed by the petitioner through the

medium of the present writ petition are reproduced as

under:

“It is accordingly prayed that by an appropriate writ

direction or order including a writ in the nature of certiorari

Order No: 48-Admn of 2021 dated 14.07.2021 be quashed

and by writ of mandamus respondents be directed to

correct their records and treat the petitioner to have retired

from the service of the respondent Corporation as

Managing Director on the analogy of R. L. Tikoo or at least

as Senior General Manager on 30.06.2010. The

respondents, as a part of consequential relief be directed to

promote the petitioner retrospectively by placing in

appropriate pay scales as per due date of promotion and

pay arrears of pay to the petitioner and also provide post

retiral benefits to the petitioner based on the Pay scale of

Managing Director 37400-67000 with grade pay of Rs.

8700/- or at least in the pay scale of 15600-39100 with

Grade Pay of Rs. 7400/- (Senior General Manager) which

the petitioner was deemed to be holding as on 30.06.2010.

It is further prayed that the previous service rendered by the

petitioner in Food Corporation of India be directed to be

WP(C) No.1485/2021 Page 2 of 18

included for calculating post retiral benefits on the analogy

of similarly placed namely, V. K. Gupta, Rajesh Thakur and

Dewan Chand, who were working in different departments

but subsequently appointed in SICOP, their previous

rendered service was included for calculation of retiral

benefits whereas same has not been done in the case of

petitioner.

It is further prayed that the respondent corporation be

directed to refix the pay correctly/properly of the petitioner

on the analogy of V. K. Gupta, Rajesh Thakur and Dewan

Chand etc. Their pay was fixed correctly and also protected

and difference of arrears was released and paid to them.

Though wrongly, pay of the petitioner was also protected

but not fixed correctly arbitrarily difference of arrears were

denied to the petitioner. Therefore, the petitioner was

treated differently with the similarly situated officers with

open discrimination.

It is further prayed that higher pay scale of the post against

which the petitioner worked with effect from 16.10.1984 to

26.01.1988 may kindly be directed to be granted in the

admissible pay scale of the higher post as already upheld

by the Hon'ble Supreme Court as well as High Court and

Administrative Tribunals respectively by catena of

judgments.

It is further prayed that the respondent corporation may be

directed to release the Annual Increment to the retiree of

30

th

June which is usually released on first of July uniformly.

As the petitioner retired on 30

th

of June after rendering

service and completing one full year from 1

st

July, 2009 to

30

th

June, 2010. Thus the earned increment is due and

payable as also are granted by the Hon'ble Supreme Court,

High Courts and Central Administrative Tribunals. On the

analogy of these judgments the Annual Increment may

kindly be granted to the petitioner retiree of 30

th

June,

2010.

It is further prayed that the respondent corporation be

directed to release the full arrears of 6

th

Pay Commission

without making any deductions of any allowances with are

otherwise payable.”

2) As per case of the petitioner he was initially appointed

in Food Corporation of India on 17.09.1976 as Assistant

Grade-III (Depot) whereafter he came to be appointed in

J&K Small Scale Industries Development Corporation

WP(C) No.1485/2021 Page 3 of 18

Limited (hereinafter referred to as “the SICOP”) as Senior

Assistant on 08.07.1980. The petitioner was promoted as

Storekeeper on 20.04.1981 and in October 1984, he was

posted as Incharge Depot Katra which is a higher post than

that of Storekeeper. On 27.01.1998, the petitioner was

promoted as District Manager.

3) According to the petitioner he was superseded on

01.01.1986 and on 26.09.1995 when one Shri Ratan Lal

Tickoo stole a march over him even though Shri Tickoo was

appointed as Assistant Typist in the SICOP on 24.01.1983

after the appointment of the petitioner. It has been

submitted that Shri Rattan Lal Tickoo was promoted a s

Storekeeper on 01.01.1986 while the petitioner was holding

the said post since 20.04.1981. Shri Tickoo was promoted

as District Manager on 27.01.1988 along with the

petitioner. As per the seniority list, the petitioner was

figuring at serial No.1 whereas Shri Tickoo was placed at

serial No.3. On 26.09.1995, Shri R. L. Tickoo was promoted

as Manager in the pay scale of Rs.2000-3800/.

4) The petitioner is stated to have filed a writ petition

bearing SWP No.896/1995 seeking promotion under

Reservation Rules after being aggrieved of the promotion of

WP(C) No.1485/2021 Page 4 of 18

Shri R. L. Tickoo. The said writ petition was disposed of by

this Court on 14.07.2000, in the following terms:

“This petition is also disposed of with a direction that the

aforementioned grievance of the petitioner be looked

into. The petitioner may, if so advised, prefer a concise

representation before the respondents, in this regard

also. In case the representation is filed, that be also

examined. This would be done within a period of four

months from the date of filing thereof. If a

representation is filed before the respondents, then the

petitioner's claim for all consequential benefit including

monetary benefits be also gone into. In case it is

ultimately found that the petitioner is entitled to

monetary and those are not given to him within the

aforesaid period, then he would be entitled to interest at

12% p.a. which will be payable by the person on whose

count his claim is found to be wrongly ignored.”

5) The petitioner is stated to have made a representation

with the respondents on 27.07.2000, claiming relief

regarding his promotion to the post of Manager with effect

from 27.01.1988 but the same was rejected by the

respondents on 20.11.2000. The petitioner is stated to have

filed another writ petition bearing SWP No.1898/2001

challenging the aforesaid action of the respondents but the

same was withdrawn by him on 26.02.2007.

6) In the meantime, Shri R. L. Tickoo was promoted as

Divisional Manager on 29.10.2005 and the petitioner was

again superseded. On 28.03.2007, the petitioner was

promoted as Manager though he was entitled to the said

promotion with effect from 26.09.1995 when Shri R. L.

Tickoo was promoted to the said post. It has been averred

WP(C) No.1485/2021 Page 5 of 18

in the writ petition that Shri R. L. Tickoo got another

promotion to the post of General Manager on 15.04.2008.

7) In December 2009, the petitioner is stated to have

made a representation to the Chairman SICOP and

thereafter the petitioner was promoted to the post of Deputy

General Manager. In May 2010, Shri R. L. Tickoo was again

promoted as Senior General Manager and at this time also,

the petitioner was superseded. On 30.06.2010, the

petitioner superannuated from service as Deputy General

Manager whereas after his retirement, Shri R. L. Tickoo was

promoted as Managing Director of the SICOP on

05.01.2012.

8) Thus, according to the petitioner he was superseded

firstly on 01.01.1986, then on 26.09.1995, thereafter on

29.10.2005, then again on 15.04.1988 and lastly in May,

2010. The grievance of the petitioner is that Shri R. L.

Tickoo, who was junior to him, rose to the rank of Managing

Director by superseding him whereas he superannuated at

a much lower rank of Deputy General Manager.

9) The petitioner is stated to have made a number of

representations even after his superannuation before the

respondents including two representations on 08.02.2010,

a representation in the year 2013, a representation in June

WP(C) No.1485/2021 Page 6 of 18

2015, another representation on 14.07.2016, a

representation on 06.07.2017, another representation in

July 2018, a representation on 18.08.2019 and another

representation on 22.01.2020.

10) Ultimately, the petitioner is stated to have approached

the Lieutenant Governor on 09.01.2020. On the said

representation, a detailed report was called from the

Industries & Commerce Department. On 19.03.2020 , the

Managing Director SICOP, submitted his report to the

Government recommending case of the petitioner for his

promotion upto the General Manager level. On 23.11.2020,

the Government asked the Managing Director of SICOP to

settle the issue at the level of Corporation and if need be, to

place the seniority and promotion case of the petitioner

before the Board for settlement. The Managing Director,

SICOP, submitted his report dated 14.01.2021, in which

the claim of the petitioner upto the level of General Manager

was accepted on certain conditions. The said report was

forwarded by the office of Lieutenant Governor to the

Commissioner/Secretary to the Government, Industries &

Commerce Department but nothing tangible came out of it,

which compelled the petitioner to make another

representation on 13.06.2021.

WP(C) No.1485/2021 Page 7 of 18

11) Thereafter, the respondent Corporation issued

impugned order bearing No.48-Adm of 2021 dated

14.07.2021, whereby claim of the petitioner has been

settled. As per the impugned order, the petitioner is deemed

to have superannuated as Divisional Manager and it has

been provided that his promotion shall be notional as on

30.06.2010. The impugned order further provides that the

petitioner shall not be entitled to any monetary

benefits/arrears and that the petitioner shall file an

affidavit surrendering his claim to pay, grade and arrears.

It further provides that the proposal will not disturb the

seniority position of the Corporation.

12) The petitioner has challenged the impugned order,

primarily, on the grounds that he was wrongly superseded

on 01.01.1986, then again on 26.09.1995, thereafter on

29.10.2005, then on 15.04.2008 and lastly in May, 2010.

According to the petitioner, he was entitled to be promoted

to the post of General Manager on 15.04.2008 and as

Senior General Manager in May, 2010. It has been further

contended that the petitioner is also entitled to

consequential monetary benefits.

13) The respondents have contested the writ petition by

filing their reply to the same. In the reply, it has been

WP(C) No.1485/2021 Page 8 of 18

contended by the respondents that the writ petition is hit

by delay and laches as the petitioner is seeking reliefs that

were available to him when he was in service and at this

blated stage, no relief can be granted in his favour. It has

been contended that the writ petition is not maintainable

because the petitioner is seeking parity with some of his

colleagues without impleading them as parties to the writ

petition, as such, there is mis-joinder and non-joinder of

the parties. According to the respondents, mere filing of

representations by the petitioner before different

authorities from time to time does not mean that his claim

for promotion at various stages of his service carrier is alive.

14) On merits, the respondents have submitted that

initially the petitioner filed a writ petition bearing SWP

No.869/1994, which came to be disposed of by this Court

in terms of order dated 14.07.2000, with a direction that

the grievance of the petitioner be looked into. Pursuant to

the said direction, the petitioner submitted a representation

before the respondents and the same was disposed of by

them in terms of order dated 20.11.2000. According to the

respondents once the representation of the petitioner was

rejected, he filled another writ petition bearing SWP

No.1898/2000 challenging action of the respondents but

the same was withdrawn by him on 26.02.2007 . Thus,

WP(C) No.1485/2021 Page 9 of 18

according to the respondents, the petitioner has no cause

of action to challenge these actions of the respondents at

this stage once he has abandoned and waived his right to

challenge these actions of the respondents.

15) It has been submitted that Shri R. L. Tickoo was

promoted as Managing Director in the year 2012 and by

that time, the petitioner had already superannuated from

service in the year 2010. The respondents have denied that

the petitioner was superseded in the year 1986 or in the

year 1995 or in the year 2008 or in the year 2010. It has

been claimed that the rules relating to reservation in

promotion were never made applicable to the respondent

Corporation and because of this, the representation of the

petitioner was rejected in terms of order dated 20.11.2000.

It has been submitted that the respondents have, in order

to settle the issue of promotion of the petitioner, given him

notional promotion as Divisional Manager as on the date of

his superannuation i.e. 30.06.2010 vide the impugned

order dated 14.07.2021 and that there is no justification for

granting him promotion to a higher post.

16) I have heard learned counsel for the parties and

perused the record of the case.

17) From the pleadings of the parties, it is clear that way

back in the year 1995, the petitioner had filed SWP No.

WP(C) No.1485/2021 Page 10 of 18

869/1995 challenging the action of respondents relating to

his supersession and according to him, he had sought

promotion on the basis of Reservation Rules. The said writ

petition was disposed of by this Court in terms of order

dated 14

th of July, 2000, by directing the respondents to

consider the claim of the petitioner who was asked to make

a representation to the respondents in this regard. The

respondent , rightly or wrongly, rejected the representation

of petitioner in terms of decision dated 20

th of November,

2000. The said decision of the respondents was challenged

by the petitioner by way of another writ petition bearing

SWP No.1898/2001. The petitioner withdrew the said writ

petition on 26

th of February, 2007, meaning thereby that he

abandoned the challenge to the action of respondents ,

whereby claim of petitioner regarding his supersession had

been rejected and his claim that he is entitled to reservation

in promotion was also declined.

18) It has been claimed by the petitioner that he withdrew

the writ petition on the assurance of the respondents that

his grievance will be settled, but the respondents have

emphatically denied having given any assurance to the

petitioner. Copy of order dated 26

th of February, 2007,

passed in SWP No.1898/2001 has not been placed on

record by the petitioner to support his assertion that an

WP(C) No.1485/2021 Page 11 of 18

assurance was given by the respondents to him. In these

circumstances, it has to be presumed that the petitioner

abandoned his challenge to the action of the respondents

without any condition. Thus, he has acquiesced in the

action of the respondents and accepted his supersession as

well as non-consideration of his case for promotion under

Reservation Rules.

19) The statement of law regarding acquiescence has been

summarised in the Halsbury’s Laws of England para 911

page 395 in the following manner:

“In determining whether there has been such delay as

to amount to laches, the chief points to be considered

are:

(i) acquiescence on the claimant's part; and

(ii) any change of position that has occurred on the

defendant's part;

Acquiescence in this sense does not mean

standing by while the violation of a right is in progress,

but assent after the violation has been completed and

the claimant has become aware of it. It is unjust to give

the claimant a remedy where, by his conduct, he has

done that which might fairly be regarded as equivalent

to a waiver of it; or where by his conduct and neglect,

though not waiving the remedy, he has put the other

party in a position in which it would not be reasonable to

place him if the remedy were afterwards to be asserted.

In such cases lapse of time and delay are most material.

Upon these considerations rests the doctrine of laches."

20) In the instant case, as already noted, the petitioner

gave up the challenge to his supersession and n on-

consideration of his case for promotion under Reservation

Rules and by his conduct, he has waived his right which he

WP(C) No.1485/2021 Page 12 of 18

is claiming by way of the present writ petition. By his

conduct, the petitioner has allowed the respondents to

perpetuate his supersession and to grant promotion to his

other colleagues with whom, he is claiming parity. Shri R.

L. Tickoo, who according to the petitioner had superseded

him, has been further promoted to higher echelons of

service, as such, his seniority vis-à-vis the petitioner cannot

be reviewed at this stage when the petitioner has already

superannuated from service fourteen years ago.

21) Learned Senior Counsel appearing for the petitioner

has submitted that the petitioner has been agitating his

rights before the respondents and several other authorities

by making repeated representations throughout his service

career and even after his retirement. It is being submitted

that all these representations were under active

consideration of the competent authorities and, in fact, by

virtue of the impugned order, which has been passed in the

in the year 2021, a part of the grievance of the petitioner

has been settled by the respondents by giving him notional

promotion as Divisional Manager. Therefore, the claim of

the petitioner is live and it cannot be stated that the same

has become stale with the passage of time. In fact, learned

Senior Counsel has argued that passing of the impugned

order has given a fresh cause of action to the petitioner.

WP(C) No.1485/2021 Page 13 of 18

22) So far as the assertion of the petitioner that he has

been making representations agitating his rights and claim

before the respondents and other authorities is concerned,

there cannot be any doubt about the same. The petitioner

has placed or record documents to this effect and in fact,

the respondents have also not denied the fact that the

petitioner has been representing before them. The question

arises as to whether mere submission of repeated

representations with the authorities highlighting the

grievances would refresh the cause of action which has

otherwise become stale.

23) The aforesaid question came up for consideration

before the Supreme Court in the case of C. Jacob vs.

Director of Geology and Mining, (2008) 10 SCC 115. The

Supreme Court in the said case, while dealing with the

aforesaid aspect of the matter, observed as under:

“Every representation to the government for relief, may not

be replied on merits. Representations relating to matters

which have become stale or barred by limitation, can be

rejected on that ground alone, without examining the

merits of the claim. In regard to representations unrelated

to the department, the reply may be only to inform that the

matter did not concern the department or to inform the

appropriate department. Representations with incomplete

particulars may be replied by seeking relevant particulars.

The replies to such representations, cannot furnish a fresh

cause of action or revive a stale or dead claim.”

24) From the aforesaid enunciation of law on the subject,

it is clear that mere filing of representations relating to

WP(C) No.1485/2021 Page 14 of 18

matters which have become stale or barred by limitation

would not furnish a fresh cause of action or revive a stale

or dead claim even if the said representations are responded

to by the competent authorities or even if the Court has

directed consideration of such representations.

25) In the instant case, the petitioner through the

medium of present writ petition is seeking to reopen the

issue of his seniority vis-a-vis Mr. R. L. Tickoo and has

claimed that he has been superseded initially in the year

1995 i.e. 26 years prior to filing of his writ petition. In fact,

the petitioner, according to him, was repeatedly superseded

by the respondents right up to his superannuation from

service. As already stated, the petitioner abandoned his

challenge to the aforesaid actions of the respondents. He

cannot now, after a delay of decades together, ask this

Court to reopen the issue of his seniority and alleged

supersession.

26) The Supreme Court in the case of Ghulam Rasool

Lone vs. State of J&K, (2009) 15 SCC 321, has held that

the claim of promotion is based on the concept of equality

and equitability, but the said relief has to be claimed within

a reasonable time. Similarly, in the case of P. S.

Sadasivaswamy vs. State of Tamil Nadu, (1975) 1 SCC

152, the Supreme Court has held as under:

WP(C) No.1485/2021 Page 15 of 18

“2. … A person aggrieved by an order of promoting

a junior over his head should approach the Court

at least within six months or at the most a year of

such promotion. It is not that there is any period of

limitation for the courts to exercise their powers

under Article 226 nor is it that there can never be a

case where the courts cannot interfere in a matter

after the passage of a certain length of time. But it

would be a sound and wise exercise of discretion

for the courts to refuse to exercise their

extraordinary powers under Article 226 in the case

of persons who do not approach it expeditiously

for relief and who stand by and allow things to

happen and then approach the Court to put

forward stale claims and try to unsettle settled

matters.”

27) Relying upon the above referred judgments, the

Supreme Court in the case of State of Uttaranchal and

another vs. Shiv Charan Singh Bhandari and others,

(2013) 12 SCC 179, while dealing with a case of seniority

and promotion, observed as under:

“27. We are absolutely conscious that in the case at

hand the seniority has not been disturbed in the

promotional cadre and no promotions may be

unsettled. There may not be unsettlement of the settled

position but, a pregnant one, the respondents chose to

sleep like Rip Van Winkle and got up from their slumber

at their own leisure, for some reason which is

fathomable to them only. But such fathoming of reasons

by oneself is not countenanced in law. Anyone who

sleeps over his right is bound to suffer. As we perceive

neither the Tribunal nor the High Court has appreciated

these aspects in proper perspective and proceeded on

the base that a junior was promoted and, therefore, the

seniors cannot be denied the promotion.

28. Remaining oblivious to the factum of delay and

laches and granting relief is contrary to all settled

principles and even would not remotely attract the

WP(C) No.1485/2021 Page 16 of 18

concept of discretion. We may hasten to add that the

same may not be applicable in all circumstances where

certain categories of fundamental rights are infringed.

But, a stale claim of getting promotional benefits

definitely should not have been entertained by the

Tribunal and accepted by the High Court.

29. True it is, notional promotional benefits have been

granted but the same is likely to affect the State

exchequer regard being had to the fixation of pay and

the pension. These aspects have not been taken into

consideration. What is urged before us by the learned

counsel for the respondents is that they should have

been equally treated with Madhav Singh Tadagi. But

equality has to be claimed at the right juncture and not

after expiry of two decades. Not for nothing, has it been

said that everything may stop but not the time, for all

are in a way slaves of time. There may not be any

provision providing for limitation but a grievance

relating to promotion cannot be given a new lease of life

at any point of time.”

28) From the foregoing analysis of law on the subject, it

can safely be stated that a stale claim of getting promotional

benefits cannot be agitated at a blated stage. Even though

there is no period of limitation provided for filing a writ

petition under Article 226 of the Constitution, yet the writ

petition should ordinarily be filed within a reasonable time.

In the instant case, twenty-six years after having been

superseded, the petitioner’s challenge to the said action of

the respondents cannot be entertained by way of present

writ petition. As has been clearly laid down by the Supreme

Court in State of Uttaranchal vs. Shiv Charan Singh

Bhandari (supra), even the notional promotional benefits

cannot be granted to the petitioner at this blated stage.

WP(C) No.1485/2021 Page 17 of 18

29) It is true that the respondents have been considerate

enough to entertain the claim of the petitioner for his

promotion when the same had become stale and when he

had already abandoned his challenge to his supersession at

various stages but their benevolent approach towards the

petitioner cannot give him a license to claim promotion to

the higher ranks and the consequential benefits at this

belated stage, particularly when he has acquiesced in the

action of the respondents for all these years during his

service career and thereafter.

30) Not only this, the record produced by the respondent

would show that the petitioner has sworn an affidavit on

02.06.2021 and submitted the same with the responders in

which he has specifically undertaken that if his request for

elevation to the next post is accepted/considered, he will

not claim any monetary benefits except pension and

GSLI/gratuity. In the said affidavit, the petitioner has

requested that he may be promoted to the next higher post,

which, obviously, is the post of Divisional Manager. The

respondents have accepted the request of the petitioner and

the undertaking given by him, whereafter they have acted

upon the same and issued the impugned order thereby

promoting the petitioner to the next higher post on notional

basis. The petitioner cannot resile from the said

WP(C) No.1485/2021 Page 18 of 18

undertaking and claim not only promotions to the higher

posts but also monetary benefits which he has sought to do

by way of present writ petition. He is estopped from doing

so once he has undertaken that he will accept promotion to

the next higher post on notional basis. It is pertinent to

mention here that the undertaking given by the petitioner

can, by no stretch of imagination, be stated to have been

given by him under undue influence because the petitioner

has already superannuated from service and is no more an

employee of the respondents. Therefore, it cannot be stated

that the respondents were in a dominant position vis-à-vis

the petitioner and because of their position, they have

succeeded in extracting the aforesaid undertaking from

him. The claim of the petitioner regarding his further

promotion and consequential benefits is, therefore, liable to

be rejected on this ground as well.

31) For the foregoing reasons, I find no merit in this

petition. The same is dismissed accordingly.

32) The record be returned to learned counsel for the

respondents.

(Sanjay Dhar)

Judge

Srinagar,

02.08.2024

“Bhat Altaf-Secy”

Whether the order is reportable: Yes/No

Mohammad Altaf Bhat

I attest to the accuracy and

authenticity of this document

02.08.2024 15:48