Page No.# 1/15

GAHC010173872016

2021:GAU-AS:15143

THE GAUHATI HIGH COURT

(HIGH COURT OF ASSAM, NAGALAND, MIZORAM AND ARUNACHAL PRADESH)

Case No. : RSA/219/2016

ON THE DEATH OF SHRI AMARESH CHANDRA DAS, HIS LEGAL HEIRS

AND 7 ORS

REPRESENTED BY-

1.1: SRI RIPON DAS

S/O- LATE AMARESH CHANDRA DAS

R/O- VILL.- MANSANGAN

P.O.- RAKESHNAGAR

P.S. AND DIST.- KARIMGANJ

ASSAM

1.2: SMTI ANITA DAS

D/O- LATE AMARESH CHANDRA DAS

R/O- VILL.- MANSANGAN

P.O.- RAKESHNAGAR

P.S. AND DIST.- KARIMGANJ

ASSAM

1.3: SMTI ANURUPA DAS

W/O- LATE AMARESH CHANDRA DAS

R/O- VILL.- MANSANGAN

P.O.- RAKESHNAGAR

P.S. AND DIST.- KARIMGANJ

ASSAM

2: SHRI ARUP DAS

S/O- SHRI AMARESH DAS

R/O- VILL.- MANSANGAN

P.O.- RAKESHNAGAR

P.S. AND DIST.- KARIMGANJ

ASSAM

3: SHRI MONIJIT DAS

S/O- SHRI AMRESH DAS

Page No.# 2/15

R/O- VILL.- MANSANGAN

P.O.- RAKESHNAGAR

P.S. AND DIST.- KARIMGANJ

ASSAM

4.1: SMTI. TAPASHI DAS @ RUBI

D/O- LATE BIMALENDU DAS

R/O- HOSPITAL ROAD

KARIMGANJ

TOWN

P.O. AND P.S. AND DIST.- KARIMGANJ

ASSAM

4.2: SMTI. DIPSHISKHA DAS @ SUMON

D/O- LATE BIMALENDU DAS

R/O- HOSPITAL ROAD

KARIMGANJ

TOWN

P.O. AND P.S. AND DIST.- KARIMGANJ

ASSAM

4.3: SRI RATNADEEP DAS @ SHIBOM

S/O- LATE BIMALENDU DAS

R/O- HOSPITAL ROAD

KARIMGANJ

TOWN

P.O. AND P.S. AND DIST.- KARIMGANJ

ASSAM

4.4: SRI RAJDEEP DAS @ SHUVAM

S/O- LATE BIMALENDU DAS

R/O- HOSPITAL ROAD

KARIMGANJ

TOWN

P.O. AND P.S. AND DIST.- KARIMGANJ

ASSAM

4.5: SRI RANADEEP DAS @ SUNDARAM

S/O- LATE BIMALENDU DAS

R/O- HOSPITAL ROAD

KARIMGANJ

TOWN

P.O. AND P.S. AND DIST.- KARIMGANJ

ASSA

VERSUS

ON THE DEATH OF SHRI MUNINDRA CHANDRA DAS, HIS LEGAL HEIRS

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AND 4 ORS

REPRESENTED BY-

1.1:MRINAL KANTI DAS

S/O- LATE MUNINDRA CHANDRA DAS

VILL.- MANSANGAN

P.O.- RAKESHNAGAR

P.S. AND DIST.- KARIMGANJ

ASSAM.

1.2:MRIDUL KANTI DAS

S/O- LATE MUNINDRA CHANDRA DAS

VILL.- MANSANGAN

P.O.- RAKESHNAGAR

P.S. AND DIST.- KARIMGANJ

ASSAM.

1.3:MRINMOY KANTI DAS

S/O- LATE MUNINDRA CHANDRA DAS

VILL.- MANSANGAN

P.O.- RAKESHNAGAR

P.S. AND DIST.- KARIMGANJ

ASSAM.

1.4:RATNA RANI DAS

D/O- LATE MUNINDRA CHANDRA DAS

VILL.- MANSANGAN

P.O.- RAKESHNAGAR

P.S. AND DIST.- KARIMGANJ

ASSAM.

1.5:SWAPNA DAS

D/O- LATE MUNINDRA CHANDRA DAS

VILL.- MANSANGAN

P.O.- RAKESHNAGAR

P.S. AND DIST.- KARIMGANJ

ASSAM.

1.6:APARNA DAS CHOUDHURY

D/O- LATE MUNINDRA CHANDRA DAS

VILL.- MANSANGAN

P.O.- RAKESHNAGAR

P.S. AND DIST.- KARIMGANJ

ASSAM.

1.7:SIPRA RANI DAS

D/O- LATE MUNINDRA CHANDRA DAS

VILL.- MANSANGAN

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P.O.- RAKESHNAGAR

P.S. AND DIST.- KARIMGANJ

ASSAM.

1.8:MILI RANI DAS

D/O- LATE MUNINDRA CHANDRA DAS

VILL.- MANSANGAN

P.O.- RAKESHNAGAR

P.S. AND DIST.- KARIMGANJ

ASSAM.

1.9:SHELLY RANI DAS

D/O- LATE MUNINDRA CHANDRA DAS

VILL.- MANSANGAN

P.O.- RAKESHNAGAR

P.S. AND DIST.- KARIMGANJ

ASSAM.

1.10:JOLY RANI DAS

D/O- LATE MUNINDRA CHANDRA DAS

VILL.- MANSANGAN

P.O.- RAKESHNAGAR

P.S. AND DIST.- KARIMGANJ

ASSAM.

1.11:LILY RANI DAS

D/O- LATE MUNINDRA CHANDRA DAS

VILL.- MANSANGAN

P.O.- RAKESHNAGAR

P.S. AND DIST.- KARIMGANJ

ASSAM.

2:THE STATE OF ASSAM

REPRESENTED BY THE LEARNED GOVT. ADVOCATE

ASSAM

3:THE COLLECTOR AND DEPUTY COMMISSIONER

KARIMGANJ

P.O.

P.S. AND DIST.- KARIMGANJ

ASSAM

4:THE SETTLEMENT OFFICER

KARIMGANJ

P.O.

P.S. AND DIST.- KARIMGANJ

ASSAM

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5:SRI HITU DAS

S/O- LATE RABINDRA CHANDRA DAS

LAKSHMINAGAR ROAD

KARIMGANJ TOWN

KARIMGANJ

P.O.

P.S. AND DIST.- KARIMGANJ

ASSA

Advocate for the Petitioner : MS. M KHANIKAR, MR.V M THOMAS,MRM J QUADIR,MR.S Y

AHMED

Advocate for the Respondent : MR.H R A CHOUDHURYR, MS F N ZAMAN,MR N

RAHMAN,MS. R CHOUDHURY,GA, ASSAM,MS.S S ZIA(R-1),MR.S R BORUAH,MRS.R

CHOUDHURY(R-1)

BEFORE

HONOURABLE MRS. JUSTICE MITALI THAKURIA

Date on which judgment is reserved : 20.01.2026

Date of pronouncement of judgment : 10.02.2026

Whether the pronouncement is of the : N/A.

operative part of the judgment?

Whether the full judgment has been : Yes.

pronounced?

JUDGMENT

Date : 10-02-2026

Heard Mr. M. J. Quadir, learned counsel for the appellants. Also heard Ms.

R. Choudhury, learned counsel for the respondent No.1 and Mr. K. K.

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Bhattacharyya, learned Government Advocate, Assam appearing for the

respondent Nos. 2, 3, 4 and 5.

2. This is an appeal under Section 100 of the Code of Civil Procedure, 1908

against the judgment dated 09.05.2016 and decree dated 20.05.2016, passed

by the learned Civil Judge, Karimganj in Title Appeal No. 13/2013, whereby the

judgment and decree passed by the learned Munsiff No. 2, Karimganj, dated

03.04.2013 in Title Suit No. 388/2006 was upheld.

3. This Court, after hearing the learned counsel for the appellants, admitted

this appeal on the following substantial questions of law:-

1. Whether the findings of both the courts below that the registered sale

deed Ext. 5 (Ext. A) was null and void is correct after holding that the

respondent/ plaintiff be a tenant under the Assam Temporary Settled Areas

Tenancy Act, 1971?

2. Any other substantial question of law that may be formulated at the time

of hearing of this second appeal.

4. During the pendency of this appeal, some of the appellants as well as some

of the respondents died and their legal heirs are accordingly impleaded as

appellants/respondents.

5. The basic ground for preferring this appeals is that the learned Trial Court

as well as the learned Appellate Court did not consider that the suit is

specifically barred and not maintainable under the various provisions of the

Assam (Temporarily Settled Areas) Tenancy Act, 1971 (here-in-after referred to

as ‘the 1971 Act’) and also barred under the Specific Relief Act. The learned

Court below, while deciding the issue No.4, did not appreciate the evidence on

record in its proper perspective and wrongly decided the issue in favour of the

respondent/ plaintiff. The respondent/plaintiff admitted that he was a teacher by

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occupation and he was not a agriculturist but this aspect of the case was also

not considered by the learned Trial Court as well as by the learned Appellate

Court. More so, the respondent plaintiff failed to prove his possession over the

suit land and also failed to prove that he was an occupant under Rakesh Ch.

Das and without considering this aspect of the case, the judgment and decree

was passed by the learned Trial Court below, arriving at a concurrent decision.

6. Mr. M. J. Quadir, the learned counsel for the appellants submitted that while

passing the impugned judgment and decree, the learned Trial Court as well as

by the learned Appellate Court did not consider the Regd. Sale Deed No.3042,

dated 20.07.2006 (Ext.5 or Ext.A document), which has been challenged in this

suit by the plaintiff, praying for cancellation of the sale deed. But the

plaintiff/respondent did not pay the necessary Court Fee and in that aspect also,

the suit ought to have been dismissed for want of necessary Court Fee. Further,

he submitted that the findings of the learned Trial Court as well as of the

learned Appellate Court in regards to the issue No.4 is illegal and perverse and

for which also, the findings arrived at by the learned Courts below is liable to be

set aside and quashed. The learned counsel for the appellants further submitted

that the learned Trial Court below did not make any discussion in regards to the

DWs. and also did not consider the fact that the prayer of the present

respondent as a plaintiff in the original suit was only to the extent of

confirmation of possession over the suit land, wherein he was occupancy

tenant.

7. Further, the appellants claimed that the suit land is purchased by their

predecessor from the original pattadar/defendant No.4 by executing a sale deed

and thus they had the right, title and interest over the suit land on the strength

of purchase from the defendant No.4. He further submitted that even if the

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plaintiff/respondent is considered to be an occupancy tenant but for their right

as occupancy tenant, the Court cannot pass the decree for cancellation of the

sale deed, which was executed by the defendant No.4 and it is the admitted

position that the defendant No.4 was also one of the pattadar of the said suit

land. Further, the only document exhibited by the plaintiff/respondent is the

Ext.1 (the Khatian) and it cannot be considered as a title document and the said

document only give the right of tenancy and it does not confer any title. Further,

the PW.1 in his cross-examination also took the name of five pattadars, out of

which the name of vendor Bimalendu Das is also mentioned by the PW.1 and

thus it is an admitted position that the vendor of the suit land was also a title

holder and there is no dispute to that regard.

8. Mr. Quadir, the learned counsel for the appellants further submitted that

the right of tenancy was not given as per Sections 23 and 24 of the 1971 Act

and no formalities are also observed under Section 26 of the said Act.

Accordingly, the learned counsel for the appellants submitted that the findings

of the learned Trial Court as well as the learned Appellate Court are illegal and

perverse, as the plaintiff could not prove the so called tenancy right and

possession over the suit land and the Ext.1 which is the only document

exhibited by the appellant i.e. the Khatian No.468 cannot give the right, title

and interest as well as possession over the suit land and thus both the Trial

Court as well as the Appellate Court have arrived at a wrong decision, which are

liable to be set aside and quashed.

9. To substantiate his argument, the learned counsel for the appellants have

relied upon the following decisions of the Hon’ble Supreme Court as well as of

this High Court :

(i) (1997) 7 SCC 137 (Balwant Singh and another vs. Daulat Singh

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(Dead) by LRS. And others).

(ii) (1998) 9 SCC 719 (Ram Das vs. Salim Ahmed and another).

(iii) (2000) 1 SCC 434 (Ishwar Dass Jain (Dead) through LRS. Vs.

Sohan Lal (Dead) by LRS).

(iv) [2007] 2 GLR 526 (Jadu Thakur and another vs. on the death of

Kedar Prasad @ Kedar Prasad Ram and his legal heirs).

(v) (2018) 5 GauLR 580 (on the death of Suleiman Ali, his legal heirs

Ahad Ali vs. Safia Khatoon (Musstt.).

10. On the other hand, Ms. R. Choudhury, learned counsel for the respondent

No.1 submitted that the Government, on the basis of title and possession of the

plaintiffs/respondents as tenants over the suit land and some other lands,

prepared the Final Khatian No.468 of the concerned Mouza under the relevant

provisions of the 1971 Act and the tenancy Rules framed there under, which was

finally prepared in 1975, without any objection from any quarter and thus it

stands un-rebutted and the Final Khatian No.468 became the title deeds of the

plaintiff, so far as the suit land and some other lands, as mentioned in the

Khatian. On the other hand, the defendants/appellants claimed both the

tenancy right as the occupants of the land as well as right, title and interest

over the suit land on the strength of purchase. The learned counsel for the

respondents further submitted that though it is stated that the evidence of the

defendants’ witnesses was not considered by the learned Trial Court below at

the time of passing the judgment, but from the discussions made in issue No.4

itself, it is seen that the evidence of the DW.1 was considered while discussing

the issue No.4 and thus it is not a case that the learned Trial Court below did

not consider the evidence of the defendants’ witnesses at the time of passing

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the judgment. Rather, relevant discussion has been made with regard to the

DW.1 and also the case of the defendants as well. In the issue No.5 also, the

oral evidence of the witnesses were taken into consideration and considering

the oral evidence adduced by both sides, the issue was accordingly decided in

favour of the plaintiffs/respondents.

11. The defendants in one hand had claimed their right, title and interest over

the suit land on the strength of purchase but in spite of the said claim, the

defendants/appellants did not file any counter claim praying for declaration of

right, title and interest over the suit land on the strength of purchase. The

plaintiffs/respondents had exhibited the necessary documents and also adduced

their evidence to prove their occupancy right and it is the case of the plaintiff

that their right is established after the publication of the Khatian in the name of

the plaintiffs/respondents in the year 1975 itself and thus, the case of the

plaintiff is not based on the evidence of the defendants, rather, the plaintiffs had

proved their case and both the oral as well as documentary evidence were also

adduced accordingly.

12. In the same time, it is also seen that though they have challenged the

legality and validity of the Khatian in the name of the respondents/ plaintiffs but

there is no prayer made for cancellation of the said Khatian which is still in

existence and in the name of the plaintiffs/respondents. Rather, it is the DW.1,

who stated in his cross-examination that they did not raise any objection to the

Khatian issued in favour of the respondent No.1. Ms. R. Choudhury, learned

counsel for the respondent No.1 further submitted that mere statement that the

Khatian was fraudulently obtained is not at all sufficient and there is no specific

plea to that regard in their written statement nor there is any evidence adduced

by the defendant/appellant, while adducing their evidence. Rather, the plaintiff

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also exhibited the revenue receipt as Ext.2, issued by the defendant Rakesh

Chandra. Ms. Choudhury further submitted that the plaintiff has been

possessing the suit land and some other lands since 1975, as mentioned in the

Final Khatian No.468, without any objection from any corner as tenant within

the meaning of Sub-Section (1)(9) of Section 4 of the 1971 Act. It is further

stated by Ms. Choudhury that the defendant had no right, title and interest over

the suit land and the defendant No.4 Bimalendu Das had no possession over the

portion of the land, mentioned in the Final Khatian No.468. He also had no right

to execute the registered Kobala No.3642, dated 20.07.2006, as claimed.

Considering all these aspects of the case, the learned Trial Court as well as by

the learned Appellate Court had rightly arrived at a concurrent decision and

there is no need of any interference in the judgment and order passed by the

learned Trial Court as well as by the learned Appellate Court.

13. In support of her argument, the learned counsel for the respondent No.1

has relied upon the decision of the Hon’ble Supreme Court in the case of

Municipal Committee, Hoshiarpur vs. Punjab State Electricity Board, reported in

[2010] 13 SCC 216 (para 13, 25 & 40).

14. Mr. K. K. Bhattacharyya, learned Government Advocate, Assam appearing

for the respondent Nos. 2, 3, 4 and 5 submitted that they have also filed an

affidavit to that regard wherein it is stated that the land record of the suit land

was prepared as per the provisions of the 1971 Act and it is stated that the Final

Khatian No.468 of Mouza Baniargool has been prepared and the above Dag

where the suit land is located has already been made Government Khass land

under the Ceiling Case No.330/1977—78 and accordingly it is submitted by Mr.

Bhattacharyya, the learned Government Advocate that the plaintiff was the

tenant over the said land and accordingly, the Khatian was issued in his favour.

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Presently as the land is khas land under the Ceiling Case, there can only be

tenancy right, which only can be transferred and thus the claim of the

appellant/defendant also cannot be considered where the Final Khatian has

already been issued considering the plaintiff as an occupancy tenant over the

khas Government land. Mr. Bhattacharyya, the learned Government Advocate

accordingly raised objection and submitted that the present appeal is liable to

be dismissed.

15. The present appeal under Section 100 of the CPC has been filed, wherein

this Court has already framed the substantial question of law as to “1. Whether

the findings of both the courts below that the registered sale deed Ext. 5 (Ext.

A) was null and void is correct after holding that the respondent/ plaintiff be a

tenant under the Assam Temporary Settled Areas Tenancy Act, 1971?”. On

perusal of the judgment and order as well as the record and evidence, it is seen

that the learned Trial Courts below also made discussions in regards to the

evidence of DW.1 and their exhibited documents and also considered their

written statement. Thus, it cannot be considered that the material evidence

were not discussed by the learned Trial Court below as well as the learned

Appellate Court while passing the judgment. In the same time, it is also not a

case that the order has been passed only considering the weakness of the

defendant but it is seen that the entire case of the plaintiff was also discussed

at the time of passing the order/judgment. Further, considering the nature of

the land, where the respondent/plaintiff was the occupancy tenant, Sections 23,

24 & 26 of the 1971 Act also not applicable, as argued by the learned counsel

for the appellants.

16. Considering the submissions made by the learned counsel for the parties

and also on perusal of the records as well as the judgment passed by the

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learned Trial Court below as well as the learned Appellate Court, it is seen that

admittedly the Khatian was issued in favour of the plaintiff/respondent No.1 in

the year 1975 and at the time of publishing the Final Khatian, no objection was

received from any quarter and the Khatian is still stands in the name of the

plaintiff/respondent No.1. It is the case of the plaintiff that since last more than

50 years, they were possessing the said land and accordingly, the Final Khatian

was issued in their favour. But the defendant Bimalendu Das/appellant with the

collusion with the other defendants and the Government side, had created the

forged registered sale deed, which was shown to be executed in the year 2006

and on the basis of the said registered sale deed, they claimed their right, title

and interest over the suit land, though the defendant No.4 had no possession

over the land under which the Final Khatian was issued in favour of the

plaintiff/respondent No.1.

17. On perusal of the pleadings of the parties as well as the judgments passed

by the learned Courts below, it is seen that the tenancy settlement in respect of

the suit land was made in the year 1368 B.S., by the predecessor of defendant

No.4, in favour of the plaintiff, on the basis of which the plaintiff had possession

over the said land and as stated earlier, after considering their possession over

the land, the Final Khatian was issued in their favour. Thus, the defendant No.4

had no right and title over the property to transfer the same in favour of the

defendant No.1. Thus, the defendant No.4 had no such right to make any

transfer on the strength of the Regd. Sale Deed, as claimed by the defendant. It

is also the case of the defendant, as per the written statement, wherein it is

stated that the defendant No.1 was an occupancy tenant of Late Rakesh Ch.

Das i.e. the father of the defendant No.4, in respect of the suit land. It is seen

that on one hand he claimed his occupancy right over the suit land, on the other

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hand, it is claimed by him that the Sale Deed was executed in his favour by the

defendant No.4. Thus, contrary averment of the defendant in the written

statement as well as in the documents i.e. the sale deed nullifies the claim of

the defendant that they executed the Ext.1 i.e. the Regd. Sale Deed in favour of

the defendant No.1 by the defendant No.4 in the year 2006. It is the admitted

position that the Final Khatian was issued in the name of the plaintiff in the year

1975, considering their occupancy/ possession over the property and that was

not challenged by any person till date. Further, from the submissions made by

the learned Government Advocate Mr. Bhattacharyya and the affidavit filed

thereon, it is seen that the Final Khatian was prepared as per provision of 1971

Act and the land is already made Government Khas land under the Ceiling Case

No.330/1977—78 and it is the plaintiff who was the tenant over the said land,

on the basis of which only the Khatian was issued in his favour. As the land is

Government Khas land under the Ceiling Case, only the tenancy right can be

transferred and there cannot be any transfer of right, title and interest through

the sale deed, as the land is Government Khas land. Thus, it is also seen that

the land in question, as per the Ceiling Case No.330/1977—78, the Government

has already acquired the land as Khas land and considering the plaintiff as an

occupancy tenant, the Final Khatian was also published in their favour in the

year 1975.

18. In such situations/circumstances, this Court is of the opinion that the

learned Trial Court as well as the learned Appellate Court committed no error or

mistake while discussing the suit in favour of the plaintiff/ respondent and also

passing the decree for cancellation of the sale deed. If the prayer for

cancellation of the deed is not considered, it may create multiplicity of the

proceedings, as the defendant/appellant cannot claim any right over the suit

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land on the strength of the Regd. Sale Deed, as claimed by them.

19. Considering the entire discussions made above, this Court is of the opinion

that the substantial question of law, which has been framed in this appeal is

decided in negative, which goes against the appellant/defendant. Accordingly,

there is no need of any interference in the concurred findings of the learned

Trial Court as well as the learned Appellate Court, passed by the learned Munsiff

No. 2, Karimganj, dated 03.04.2013 in Title Suit No. 388/2006, which was

affirmed by the learned Civil Judge, Karimganj in Title Appeal No. 13/2013.

20. Accordingly, the present appeal is devoid of merit and accordingly the

same is dismissed.

21. Return back the Trial Court Record along with a copy of this judgment

forthwith.

JUDGE

Comparing Assistant