Raghbir Singh, PSPCL, pensionary benefits, work-charge service, ad hoc service, Rule 3.17-A, Punjab Civil Services Rules, regularization, High Court
 24 Jul, 2026
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Raghbir Singh Versus Punjab State Power Corporation Limited and others

  Punjab & Haryana High Court CWP-5305-2022
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Case Background

As per case facts, the petitioner, initially appointed as a Work-Charge T-Mate, later transferred as an Assistant Lineman on an ad hoc basis, and eventually regularized, retired without his work-charge/ad ...

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Document Text Version

IN THE HIGH COURT OF PUNJAB & HARYANA

AT CHANDIGARH

      CWP-5305-2022

Raghbir Singh  …..Petitioner

Versus

Punjab State Power Corporation Limited and others        ....Respondents

1. The date when the judgment is reserved 14.07.2026

2. The date when the judgment is pronounced 24.07.2026

3. The date when the judgment is uploaded on  24.07.2026

4. Whether only operative part of the judgment is 

pronounced or full judgment is pronounced

Full

5. The delay, if any, of the pronouncement of full 

judgment, and reasons thereof.

Not applicable

CORAM:  HON'BLE MR. JUSTICE NAMIT KUMAR

Argued by : Mr. V.K. Shukla, Advocate for the petitioner. 

Mr. Kunal Garg, Advocate for the respondents. 

****

NAMIT KUMAR, J. (ORAL)

1.  The petitioner has approached this Court by way of filing

the present writ petition under Article 226 of the Constitution of India,

seeking a writ of certiorari for quashing the impugned order dated

11.02.2022 (Annexure P-3), declining the claim of the petitioner for

counting his work-charge/adhoc service w.e.f. 01.02.1975 to 09.12.1981

followed   by   regular   service   towards   pensionary   benefits   and   for

quashing the Memo dated 23.01.2001 (Annexure P-4). Further, seeking

issuance of a writ of mandamus directing the respondents to count the

work-charge/adhoc service rendered by the petitioner w.e.f. 01.02.1975

to 09.12.1981 followed by regular service towards pensionary benefits

and to grant him consequential arrears along with interest @ 12% per

annum.

CWP-5305-2022                                2

2. The brief facts of the case, as have been pleaded in the

petition, are that the petitioner was initially appointed as a Work-Charge

T-Mate in PSPCL on 01.02.1975 and remained as such till 13.03.1978,

while working in the office of respondent No.3. Subsequently, vide

order dated 14.02.1978 (Annexure P-1), he was transferred to the office

of respondent No.2 as Assistant Lineman on ad hoc basis and posted in

Sub-Divisional Office at Charick, District Moga. Thereafter, his services

were regularized as Assistant Lineman, vide order dated 02.12.1981

(Annexure P-2) and accordingly, he joined as regular Assistant Lineman

on 10.12.1981. He was further promoted as Lineman in the year 2003

and   retired   as   such,   on   attaining   the   age   of   superannuation,   on

31.12.2007.  After   the   retirement   of   the   petitioner,  his   pensionary

benefits were released but the same were computed taking into account

only his regular service w.e.f. 10.12.1981 and his work-charge/ad hoc

service   from   01.02.1975   to   09.12.1981   rendered   prior   to   his

regularization was not counted towards his pensionary benefits. The

petitioner   has   served   a   legal   notice   dated   15.10.2021   upon   the

respondents for counting work-charge/ad hoc service rendered by him

before his regularization towards pensionary benefits but no action was

taken on the same. Facing with such a situation, the petitioner had

approached this Court by filing CWP No.26271 of 2021 (Raghbir Singh

Vs. Punjab State Power Corporation Limited and others),  seeking

directions to the respondents to count his work-charge/ad hoc service

w.e.f. 01.02.1975 to 09.12.1981 followed by regular service towards

pensionary benefits. The said writ petition was disposed of by this

Court, vide order dated 22.12.2021, with a direction to the official

CWP-5305-2022                                3

respondents   to   consider   the   legal   notice   dated   15.10.2021   as

representation of the petitioner and decide the same in accordance with

law by passing a speaking order within a period of one month. It was

further observed by the Court that if the petitioner found entitled and if

there is no impediment for the release of payment, the same be granted

to the petitioner without any delay, as per law. In pursuance to the said

order, respondent No.2 has passed the impugned order dated 11.02.2022

(Annexure P-3), rejecting the petitioner's claim on the ground that he

did not fulfill condition No.1 of Memo dated 23.01.2001 (Annexure P-

4)

 as at the time of his appointment, the petitioner was non-matric,

which was below the prescribed minimum educational qualification of

matriculation   and   he   also   did   not   possess   the   requisite   minimum

experience of five years as a work-charge employee for the post to

which he was appointed.  Hence, the instant petition.

3. A written statement by way of an affidavit of Sh. Balveer

Singh Harei, Additional Superintending Engineer, City Division, Moga,

on behalf of the respondents, has been filed, wherein the respondents

have   reiterated   the   same   stand   as   was   taken   while   rejecting   the

petitioner's claim in the impugned order dated 11.02.2022. 

4. Learned counsel for the petitioner submits that the work-

charge/ad hoc service rendered by the petitioner from 01.02.1975 to

09.12.1981 is liable to be counted for pensionary benefits in terms of

Rule 3.17-A of the Punjab Civil Services Rules, Vol. II, Part II. In

support of his contention, he has placed reliance upon a Full Bench

judgment of this Court in Kesar Chand Vs. State of Punjab Through

The Secretary, P.W.D.B. & R. Chandigarh and others :1988(5) SLR

CWP-5305-2022                                4

27 and Dharvinder Paul Sehgal and others Vs. State of Punjab and

others : 2025 NCPHHC 163455. 

5. Per contra, learned counsel for the respondents, while

referring to the averments made in the written statement, filed on behalf

of the respondents, submits that since the petitioner was not having the

qualification of matriculation at the time of his initial appointment,

therefore, the work charge/ad hoc service rendered by the petitioner is

not liable to be counted for the purpose of pensionary benefits and his

claim for grant of aforementioned benefit had rightly been rejected. He

further   submits   that   in   terms   of   condition   No.1   of  Memo   dated

23.01.2001 (Annexure P-4), work-charge/ad hoc service rendered by the

petitioner is not countable towards pensionary benefits. He  further

submits that the petitioner had retired from service on 31.12.2007,

however, for claiming the benefit of counting the work-charge/ad hoc

service   rendered   by   him   from   01.02.1975   to   09.12.1981   towards

pensionary benefits, the petitioner approached the respondents for the

first time by serving a legal notice dated 15.10.2021, i.e., after a delay

of more than 13 years from the date of his retirement. Therefore, the

instant petition deserves to be dismissed on the ground of delay and

laches.

6. I have heard learned counsel for the parties and perused the

record.

7. Admittedly,   the  petitioner  was  initially  appointed  as  a

Work-Charge T-Mate in PSPCL on 01.02.1975 and till 13.03.1978, he

was working in the office of respondent No.3. Subsequently, vide order

dated 14.02.1978 (Annexure P-1), he was transferred to the office of

CWP-5305-2022                                5

respondent No.2 as Assistant Lineman on ad hoc basis and posted in

Sub-Divisional Office at Charick, District Moga. Thereafter, his services

were regularized as Assistant Lineman, vide order dated 02.12.1981

(Annexure P-2). He was further promoted to the post of Lineman in the

year 2003 and retired as such, on attaining the age of superannuation, on

31.12.2007. 

8. The only question which arises for consideration in the

present petition is as to whether the past service rendered by the

petitioner on work charge/ad hoc basis is countable towards pensionary

benefits or not? 

9. A Full Bench of this Court in Kesar Chand’s case (supra)

has   held   that   the   work-charged   service   rendered   by an   employee

followed by regularization is countable towards pensionary benefits.

Para 19 of the said judgment reads thus :-

“19.  In the light of the above, let us examine the validity

of rule 3.17 (ii) of the Punjab Civil Services Rules Vol. II.

This rule says that the period of service in a work-charged

establishment shall not be taken into account in calculating

the qualifying service. After the services of a work-charged

employee   have   been   regularised   he   becomes   a   public

servant. The service is under the Government and is paid

by it. This is what was precisely stated in the Industrial

Award dated June 1, 1972, between the Workmen and the

Chief Engineer, P.W.D. (B.& R.), Establishment Branch,

Punjab, Patiala, which was published in the Government

Gazette dated July 14, 1972. Even otherwise, the matter

was settled by the Punjab Government Memo No. 14095-

BRI (3)-72/5383 dated 6

th

 February, 1973 (Annexure P7)

where it was stated that all those work-charged employees

who had put in ten years of service or more as on 15

th

August, 1972, their service would be deemed to have been

regularised. Once the service of a work charged employee

have been regularised, there appears to be hardly any logic

to deprive him of the Pensionary benefits as are available

CWP-5305-2022                                6

to other public servants under rule 3.17 of the Rules. Equal

protection of laws must mean the protection of equal laws

for  all  persons  similarly  situated. Article   14   strike  at

arbitrariness   because   a   provision   which   is   arbitrary

involves the negation of equality. Even the temporary or

officiating service under the State Government had to be

reckoned for determining the qualifying service. It looks to

be illogical that the period of service spent by an employee

in a work charged establishment before his regularisation

has not been taken into consideration for determining his

qualifying service. The classification which is sought to be

made among Government servants who are eligible for

lesion and those who started as work-charged employees

and their services regularised subsequently, and the others

is not based on any intelligible criteria and, therefore, is

not sustainable at law. After the services of a work –

charged employee have been regularised, he is a public

servant like any other servant. To deprive him of the

pension is not only unjust and inequitable but is hit by the

vice of arbitrariness, and for these reasons the provisions

of sub rule (ii) of rule 3.17 of the Rules have to be struck

down being violative of Article 14 of the Constitution.”

10. The similar issue has been considered by this Court in

Dharvinder Paul Sehgal and others Vs. State of Punjab and others :

2025 NCPHHC 163455, wherein after considering the provisions of

Rule 3.17-A and various other judgments on the similar issue, it has

been held as under:-

“11. Rule   3.17-A  of   the   Punjab   Civil   Services   Rules

(Volume II) deals with the counting of service rendered in

an establishment and provides that service rendered in an

establishment would be counted as qualifying service, if the

employee has submitted resignation for taking up another

appointment and said resignation has been accepted. 

12. Rule 3.17-A of the Punjab Civil Services Rules reads

as under: - 

“Rule 3.17-A.  (1)  Subject to the provisions of

rule 4.23 and other rules and except in the cases

mentioned   below,   all   service   rendered   on

establishment, interrupted or continuous, shall count

CWP-5305-2022                                7

as Qualifying service:– 

(i)  Omitted. 

(ii)  Omitted. 

(iii)  Casual or daily rated service. 

(iv)  Suspension adjudged as a specific 

penalty. 

Note.– In cases where an officer dies or is permitted

to retire while under suspension will not be treated

as an interruption. 

(v)  Service   preceding   resignation   except

where such resignation is allowed to be

withdrawn   in   public   interest   by   the

appointing authority as provided in the

relevant rules or where such resignation

has   been   submitted   to   take   up,   with

proper permission, another appointment

whether temporary or permanent under

the Government where service qualifies

for pension.

(vi)   Joining time for which no allowances

are admissible under rules 9.1 and 9.15

of C.S.R., Volume I, Part I. 

(vii)  If  any  unauthorised   leave   of  absence

occurs   in   continuation   of   authorized

leave of absence and if the post of the

absentee has been substantively filled

up, the past service of the absentee is

forfeited. 

(viii)  Transfer to a non-qualifying service in

an establishment not under Government

control or if such transfer is not made

by the competent authority and transfer

to service in a grant-in-aid school. 

(A   Government   employee,   who

voluntarily   resigns   qualifying   service,

cannot   claim   the   benefit   under   this

clause.) 

(ix)  Removal   from   public   service   for

misconduct, insolvency, inefficiency not

due   to   age,   or   failure   to   pass   an

examination will entail forfeiture of the

past service. 

CWP-5305-2022                                8

(x)  Service   rendered   beyond   the   date   of

retirement on superannuation in terms

of rule 3.26 of Punjab Civil Services

Rules, Volume I, Part I. 

(2)  An interruption in the service of a Government

employee caused by wilful absence from duty or

unathorised   absence   without   leave,   shall   entail

forfeiture of the past service. 

(3) Wilful abstinence from performing duties by a

Government employee by resort to pen down strike

shall be deemed to be wilful absence from duty and

shall also entail forfeiture of the past service. 

Note.–   In   the   case   of   a   Central   Government

employee   who   is   permanently   transferred   to   the

Punjab Government and becomes subject to these

rules, the pensionary benefits admissible for service

under Central Government would be that admissible

under the Government of India rules and the liability

for such benefits shall be allocated in accordance

with the prevalent orders. 

Clarification (1).–Even after the introduction of rule

3.17(A) and deletion of rule 4.21 the following cases

do not entail forfeiture of past service:– 

(a)  authorised leave of absence; 

(b) abolition of post or loss of appointment

owing   to   reduction   in   establishment.

(“Post” or “appointment” means a post or

appointment service in which qualifies for

pension). 

(2)   While   counting   such   qualifying   service   for

working out aggregate service, the period of break in

service shall be omitted.” 

[Emphasis Supplied]

Sub-Rule (2) of Rule 7.5 of PCS Rules provides that

resignation submitted for taking up another appointment

with Government, shall not entail forfeiture of past service,

if there is permission by Competent Authority. Sub-Rule (2)

of Rule 7.5 of PCS Rules is reproduced as below: - 

“A resignation shall not entail forfeiture of past

service if it has been submitted to take up, with

proper   permission,   another  appointment,   whether

temporary   or   permanent,   under   the   Government

where service qualifies for pension.”

CWP-5305-2022                                9

13. The said provisions have been interpreted by this

Court in Jasdeep Singh Aulakh’s case (supra).  In the said

case, petitioner had rendered service as Assistant Engineer

from   1996   to   2004   in   Punjab   State   Electricity   Board

(hereinafter   referred   to   as   ‘PSEB’)   and   thereafter  he

participated   in   the   direct   recruitment   process   of   PCS

(Executive Branch) and was selected in 2004 and joined

PCS (Executive Branch) after submitting resignation to his

parent department i.e. PSEB, which was accepted and his

pay was protected.   The relevant paras from the said

judgment read as under: - 

“10. From the perusal of above quoted Rules 3.17-A and 7.5 (2) of PCS Rules, it is quite evident that

service rendered with an establishment is counted for

qualifying service if an employee resigns with the

permission   of   Competent   Authority   and   for   the

purpose of taking up employment with Government.

The respondent has failed to controvert applicability

of aforesaid Rule to petitioner except pleading that

instructions do not provide for counting previous

service. 

11. It is settled proposition of law that instructions

can   supplement   statutory   provisions   but   cannot

supplant the statutory provisions. The instructions

cannot be contrary to mandate of Rules. The said

instructions are not under challenge, however, being

contrary to statutory provisions as well as intent of

beneficial scheme cannot detain this Court. 

12.  The Supreme Court in Shree Bhagwati Steel

Rolling Mills v. Commissioner of Central Excise

and another, (2016) 3 SCC 643, has observed that

Rules or Regulations which are ultra vires though

not challenged may be ignored. The relevant extracts

of the judgment read as: 

“28.  Shri Aggarwal in order to buttress his

submission that he ought to be allowed to

raise a pure question of law going to the very

jurisdiction to levy interest, cited before us the

judgment in Bharathidasan University v. All-

India   Council   for   Technical   Education

[Bharathidasan   University   v.   All-India

Council for Technical Education, (2001) 8

SCC 676 : 1 SCC 924] and in particular para

CWP-5305-2022                                10

14 thereof which reads as follow: (SCC pp.

688- 89) 

“14.  The fact that the Regulations may

have the force of law or when made

have   to   be   laid   down   before   the

legislature concerned does not confer

any   more   sanctity   or   immunity   as

though   they   are   statutory   provisions

themselves.   Consequently,   when   the

power to make Regulations is confined

to certain limits and made to flow in a

well-defined   canal   within   stipulated

banks, those actually made or shown

and found to be not made within its

confines but outside them, the courts are

bound to ignore them when the question

of their enforcement arises and the mere

fact that there was no specific relief

sought for to strike down or declare

them ultra vires, particularly when the

party in sufferance is a respondent to

the lis or proceedings cannot confer any

further sanctity or authority and validity

which   it   is   shown   and   found   to

obviously and patently lack. It would,

therefore, be a myth to state that the

Regulations made under Section 23 of

the Act have ‘constitutional’ and legal

status, even unmindful of the fact that

any one or more of them are found to be

not consistent with specific provisions of

the Act itself. Thus, the Regulations in

question, which AICTE could not have

made so as to bind universities/UGC

within   the   confines   of   the   powers

conferred upon it, cannot be enforced

against   or   bind   a   university   in   the

matter of any necessity to seek prior

approval   to   commence   a   new

department or course and programme in

technical education in any university or

any of its departments and constituent

institutions.” 

29.  It would be seen that Shri Aggarwal is

CWP-5305-2022                                11

on   firm   ground   because   this   Court   has

specifically stated that rules or regulations

which   are   in   the   nature   of   subordinate

legislation which are ultra vires are bound to

be ignored by the courts when the question of

their enforcement arises and the mere fact that

there is no specific relief sought for to strike

down or declare them ultra vires would not

stand in the court's way of not enforcing them.

We also feel that since this is a question of the

very   jurisdiction   to   levy   interest   and   is

otherwise covered by a Constitution Bench

decision of this Court, it would be a travesty of

justice if we would not allow Shri Aggarwal to

make this submission.” 

13. A three Judge Bench of Supreme Court in

State of Haryana Vs. Shamsher Jang Bahadur,

1972(2) SCC 188, while relying upon Constitution

Bench judgment in Sant Ram Sharma Vs. State of

Rajasthan and another, AIR 1967 SC 1910 has held

that Government is not Competent to alter the Rules

framed under Article 309 by means of administrative

instructions. The relevant extracts of the judgment

reads as: 

“7. It may be noted that herein we are dealing

only with those who were promoted from the

cadre of clerks in the Secretariat. The first

question arising for decision is whether the

Government was competent to add by means

of   administrative   instructions   to   the

qualifications   prescribed   under   the   Rules

framed under Article 309. The High Court and

the courts below have come to the conclusion

that the Government was incompetent to do so.

This Court has ruled in Sant Ram Shama v.

State of Rajasthan [(1968) 1 SCR 111]  that

while   the   Government   cannot   amend   or

supersede the statutory rules by administrative

instructions,  if  the rules are  silent  on  any

particular point, the Government can fill up

the gaps and supplement the rules and issue

instructions   not   inconsistent   with   the   rules

already framed. Hence we have to see whether

the instructions with which we are concerned,

CWP-5305-2022                                12

so far as relate to the clerks in the Secretariat

amend or they alter the conditions of service

prescribed by the rules framed under Article

309. Undoubtedly the instructions issued by

the Government add to those qualifications.

By   adding   to   the   qualifications   already

prescribed by the rules, the Government has

really   altered   the   existing   conditions   of

service.   The   instructions   issued   by   the

Government   undoubtedly   affects   the

promotion of concerned officials and therefore

they relate to their conditions of service. The

Government is not competent to alter the rules

framed   under   Article   309   by   means   of

administrative instructions. We are unable to

agree with the contention of the State that by

issuing   the   instructions   in   question,   the

Government had merely filled up a gap in the

rules. The rules can be implemented without

any difficulty. We see no gap in the rules.” 

14. A rule cannot operate contrary to a statutory

provision   whereunder   said   rule   has   been   made.

Rules cannot be contrary to statutory provisions.

Similarly, neither instructions can be contrary to

statutory   provisions   nor   rules.   The   instructions

cannot override or flow beyond the banks of river of

rules. The instructions, which are contrary to Rules,

need to be ignored. 

15. In the case in hand, the case of petitioner is

squarely covered by afore-stated Rules, however, his

claim has been rejected on account of instructions

which are contrary to Rules framed under proviso to

Article 309 of the Constitution. In view of afore-

stated legal position, the instructions need to be

ignored. It is apt to notice here that respondent has

granted similar benefit to identically placed other

employees. 

16. In the wake of above discussion and findings,

the   present   petition   deserves   to   be   allowed   and

accordingly   allowed.   The   impugned   order   dated

31.01.2023 (Annexure P-17) is hereby quashed.” 

The said judgment has become final as the same has

not been challenged by the respondents and has been

CWP-5305-2022                                13

implemented after filing of COCP-3243 of 2024 (Jasdeep

Singh Aulakh v. Anurag Verma, IAS and others). 

14. To the same effect is the judgment of a Co-ordinate

Bench in Yash Pal Singh Rana (supra).  In the said case,

the petitioner had joined the Punjab Land Development

and   Reclamation   Corporation   Limited   as   Clerk   on

01.11.1975  and   thereafter  he   was   promoted   as  Senior

Assistant.  While he was working in the said Corporation,

due to weak financial status of the said Corporation, the

same was wound up and during the said period, the posts

of   Superintendent   in   the   District   Consumer   Disputes

Redressal   Forum   were   advertised   by   the   respondents

therein   and   petitioner   therein   applied   through   proper

channel and was selected vide appointment order dated

20.12.2000 and he joined on 05.01.2001 after he was

relieved from the services of the said Corporation.   He

joined the State Consumer Disputes Redressal Commission

on 05.01.2001 and superannuated on 30.11.2011, however,

his earlier service rendered from 01.11.1975 till 04.01.2001

was not counted as qualifying service for computing the

pensionary benefits.  The said claim was accepted by this

Court vide judgment dated 05.02.2019 while relying upon

various earlier orders passed by this Court in various other

writ petitions.   The said judgment has been followed in

Sham Lal (supra) and the same reads as under: - 

“1.  In the present petition, the challenge is to the

orders   dated   25.04.2017   (Annexure   P-5)   and

03.02.2020 (Annexure P-7) respectively by which the

respondents have declined to grant the benefit of

service rendered by the petitioner with the Punjab

Scheduled Castes Land Development and Finance

Corporation, after the petitioner retired from service

working on a pensionable post with the Government

of Punjab. 

2.  Learned counsel for the petitioner submits that

the relief which is being claimed by the petitioner

has already been granted by this Court to another

similarly situated employee, who had filed CWP No.

2722 of 2013 titled as Yash Pal Singh Rana Vs. The

State of Punjab and others, decided on 05.02.2019,

which judgment has already attained finality and

relief has already been given to Yash Pal Singh

Rana. 

CWP-5305-2022                                14

3.  Learned counsel for the respondents has not

been able to dispute the fact that in Yash Pal Singh

Rana’s case (supra) also, the service rendered in the

Corporation wherein the petitioner of that case was

working, was directed to be taken into account for

computing the pensionary benefits. No differentiating

factor in the case of the petitioner and that of Yash

Pal Singh Rana’s case (supra) has been proved and

so as not to appeal the said decision in the case of

petitioner herein. Hence, the present petition is also

allowed in the same terms as Yash Pal Singh Rana’s

case (supra) except that the rate of interest will be

6% per annum and not 9% as claimed.” 

xx     xx      xx         xx 

15. The judgment dated 28.08.2024 in Sham Lal’s case

(supra) has been upheld by a Division Bench of this Court

in LPA-3328 of 2024 – State of Punjab and another v.

Sham   Lal   and   another   decided   on   20.12.2024.     The

relevant portion from the said judgment reads as under: - 

“4. Learned Single Bench noted that relief

claimed   by   respondent/writ-petitioner   had   been

granted to another similarly situated employee i.e.,

the petitioner in  CWP No. 2722 of 2013, titled

‘Yashpal   Singh   Rana   Vs.   State   of   Punjab   and

others’, decided on 05.02.2019'. It was concluded

that respondents were not able to distinguish the

cause of writ petitioner from that of Yash Pal Singh

Rana. Writ petition was accordingly allowed in the

same terms with the difference that interest at the

rate of 6% per annum instead of 9% was ordered. 

5. Aggrieved therefrom, present appeal has been

filed. 

6. Learned counsel for appellants submits that

Instructions   dated   25.04.2017   are   categoric,

therefore directions by learned Single Bench are

unjustified. Appointment of writ-petitioner on the

post of Section Officer had to be treated as fresh

appointment and he was not entitled to counting of

his   service   for   the   purpose   of   pension  with  the

respondent-Corporation as qualifying service for the

purpose of pension. It is thus prayed that present

appeal be allowed. 

7. We have heard learned counsel for appellants

CWP-5305-2022                                15

and   have   perused   the   file   carefully   with   his   able

assistance, however, we do not find any ground to

cause interference in this matter. 

8. It is to be noted that the import and effect of

Instructions   dated   25.04.2017   have   already   been

considered by this Court in  LPA No. 2445 of 2024,

titled State of Punjab and others Vs. Om Parkash and

others with the appeal filed by State of Punjab being

dismissed. In the present case also, writ-petitioner had

been   appointed   through   proper   channel   while   in

service.   His representation for counting his service

with the respondent-Corporation as qualifying service

for the purpose of pension was duly submitted. 

9. It is to be noted, at this stage that in a number of

writ petitions involving similar controversy, respondent

has already granted relief to the employees therein and

counted   the   service   rendered   by   them   with   the

Corporations which had not been wound up, for the

purpose of pension. This fact is not denied by learned

counsel for appellants. 

10. Learned   counsel   for   appellants  is   unable  to

point out any illegality, infirmity or perversity in the

impugned order dated 28.08.2024, passed by learned

Single   Bench,   which   calls   for   interference   by   this

Court.” 

xx xx     xx xx”

11. Once the services of the petitioner have been regularised on

the basis of the qualification acquired by him, the respondents cannot

turn around and reject the claim of the petitioner for counting of his

work-charge/ad   hoc   service   rendered   by   him   from   01.02.1975   to

09.12.1981.   Once   the   Rule   mandates   for   counting   of  all   services

rendered by an employee, the action of the respondents in not counting

the work-charge/adhoc service rendered by the petitioner, is totally

illegal, arbitrary and in violation of the said Rules.

12. So far as the contention raised by learned counsel for the

respondents that in terms of condition No.1 of Memo dated 23.01.2001

CWP-5305-2022                                16

(Annexure P-4), work-charge/ad hoc service rendered by the petitioner

is not countable for pensionary benefits, is liable to be rejected as Rule

3.17-A of the said Rules would override any instructions which have

been issued contrary to the said Rule and, therefore, the same is not

applicable.

13. In view of the above, the work-charge/ad hoc service

rendered by the petitioner from 01.02.1975 to 09.12.1981 is liable to be

counted towards pensionary benefits of the petitioner. However, there is

no doubt that the petitioner had retired from service on 31.12.2007 and

for claiming the abovesaid benefit, he approached the respondents for

the first time by serving a legal notice dated 15.10.2021, i.e., after a

delay of more than 13 years from the date of his retirement  and,

therefore,  he  is  entitled  for  the arrears for  the  intervening  period

restricted to 38 months from the date of approaching this Court.

14. Consequently,   the   impugned   order   dated   11.02.2022

(Annexure P-3) is set aside and the respondent-Corporation is directed

to count the work charge/ad hoc service rendered by the petitioner from

01.02.1975 to 09.12.1981 for the grant of pensionary benefits. The

necessary calculations shall be made and the revised pension shall be

released to the petitioner within a period of four months along with

arrears for 38 months

15. Disposed of in the above terms.

24.07.2026  (NAMIT KUMAR )

kothiyal     JUDGE

Whether speaking/reasoned  :  Yes/No

Whether reportable  :  Yes/No

Reference cases

Description

High Court Mandates Counting of Work-Charge Service for Pension Benefits: A Landmark Decision

The recent judgment in Raghbir Singh vs. Punjab State Power Corporation Limited and others profoundly impacts the interpretation of work-charge service pensionary benefits under the Punjab Civil Services Rules. This significant ruling, now thoroughly analyzed on CaseOn, addresses the long-standing issue of whether an employee's work-charge or ad-hoc service, followed by regularization, should be factored into their pensionable tenure.

Issue: Counting Work-Charge/Ad-Hoc Service for Pensionary Benefits

The central legal question before the High Court was whether the work-charge/ad-hoc service rendered by the petitioner, Raghbir Singh, from February 1, 1975, to December 9, 1981, followed by regularization, should be counted towards his pensionary benefits under the relevant service rules.

Rule: Legal Framework and Precedents

The court considered several key legal provisions and established precedents:

Punjab Civil Services Rules, Vol. II, Part II

Specifically, Rule 3.17-A governs the counting of service for pensionary benefits. Historically, Rule 3.17(ii) excluded work-charge service from qualifying service.

Kesar Chand Vs. State of Punjab (Full Bench Judgment)

This landmark Full Bench judgment of the High Court established that work-charged service, once followed by regularization, must be counted towards pensionary benefits. The court found Rule 3.17(ii) to be arbitrary and violative of Article 14 of the Constitution, emphasizing that a regularized work-charge employee becomes a public servant entitled to equal pensionary benefits.

Dharvinder Paul Sehgal and others Vs. State of Punjab and others

This ruling reiterated the principles of Rule 3.17-A and the supremacy of statutory provisions over administrative instructions. It held that instructions cannot override or contradict rules framed under Article 309 of the Constitution.

Jasdeep Singh Aulakh's case and Yash Pal Singh Rana's case

These cases further solidified the principle that previous service, even if under different establishments or initially rejected by administrative instructions, should be counted for pensionary benefits if it aligns with the spirit of the statutory rules. The court emphasized that instructions contrary to statutory provisions must be ignored.

Analysis: Application of Law to Facts

Petitioner's Service History

Raghbir Singh initially joined as a Work-Charge T-Mate on February 1, 1975. He later became an Assistant Lineman on an ad-hoc basis from March 14, 1978, until his services were regularized on December 2, 1981. He was further promoted to Lineman in 2003 and retired on December 31, 2007, upon reaching the age of superannuation.

The Dispute Over Pensionary Benefits

After retirement, Raghbir Singh's pensionary benefits were calculated only from his date of regularization (December 10, 1981), entirely excluding his prior work-charge/ad-hoc service from February 1, 1975, to December 9, 1981. He sought to have this earlier service counted, which led him to serve a legal notice and subsequently file a writ petition after his claim was rejected.

Respondents' Grounds for Rejection

The respondents, Punjab State Power Corporation Limited, rejected the petitioner's claim based on Memo dated January 23, 2001 (Annexure P-4). Their primary grounds for rejection were:

  1. The petitioner was non-matric at the time of his initial appointment, falling below the prescribed minimum educational qualification.
  2. He did not possess the requisite minimum experience of five years as a work-charge employee for the appointed post.

The respondents also argued the case should be dismissed due to delay and laches, as the petitioner approached them with a legal notice on October 15, 2021, over 13 years after his retirement in 2007.

Court's Evaluation: Rules vs. Instructions

The High Court meticulously analyzed the arguments against the backdrop of established legal principles. It firmly stated that once an employee's services are regularized based on acquired qualifications, the respondents cannot subsequently reject the counting of their prior work-charge/ad-hoc service. The court reiterated that Rule 3.17-A of the Punjab Civil Services Rules mandates the counting of all services rendered, making the respondents' action of not counting the work-charge/ad-hoc service illegal and arbitrary.

Crucially, the court emphasized the principle laid down in Kesar Chand, which invalidated the exclusion of work-charge service from qualifying service. It also relied on Dharvinder Paul Sehgal and Jasdeep Singh Aulakh, which underscored that administrative instructions cannot supersede or contradict statutory rules. Therefore, the conditions stipulated in Memo dated January 23, 2001, which were contrary to Rule 3.17-A, were deemed inapplicable.

It's worth noting here how CaseOn.in 2-minute audio briefs assist legal professionals in analyzing these specific rulings, providing quick and precise summaries of complex judgments like this, making it easier to grasp the nuances of such pension-related cases and their precedents.

Addressing Delay and Laches

While acknowledging the petitioner's delay in approaching the court (over 13 years post-retirement), the court applied a common practice in such pensionary matters. It decided to restrict the arrears for the intervening period to 38 months from the date the petitioner first approached the court, rather than denying the rightful benefit altogether. This approach ensures that while the right to pension is upheld, the delay in seeking redressal is also factored into the quantum of retrospective financial benefit.

Conclusion: High Court Upholds Pensionary Rights

The High Court set aside the impugned order dated February 11, 2022, issued by the respondent-Corporation. It directed the Punjab State Power Corporation Limited to count the work-charge/ad-hoc service rendered by Raghbir Singh from February 1, 1975, to December 9, 1981, for the grant of pensionary benefits. The court mandated that necessary calculations be made and the revised pension, along with arrears for 38 months, be released to the petitioner within four months.

Final Summary of the Judgment

This judgment reaffirms the principle that work-charge or ad-hoc service, once regularized, must be counted towards an employee's pensionary benefits. The court decisively ruled that administrative instructions cannot override statutory service rules like Rule 3.17-A of the Punjab Civil Services Rules. Despite a significant delay in the petitioner's claim, the court granted the benefit, restricting arrears to 38 months, showcasing a balanced approach to justice in pension matters.

Why This Judgment is an Important Read for Lawyers and Students

This ruling is crucial for several reasons:

  1. Reinforcement of Service Rule Supremacy: It strongly reiterates that statutory rules (like those under Article 309 of the Constitution) hold precedence over administrative instructions or memos. This is vital for challenging executive decisions that contradict established legal frameworks.
  2. Clarity on Work-Charge Service: It provides clear guidance on the inclusion of work-charge and ad-hoc service for pension calculations, benefiting numerous employees who transitioned from temporary to regular employment.
  3. Precedent for Similar Cases: Lawyers handling pension disputes, especially those involving work-charge or temporary service regularization, will find strong precedents in Kesar Chand and the current judgment.
  4. Handling of Delay and Laches: The court's approach to granting benefits despite delay, while restricting arrears, offers a practical framework for addressing the equitable aspects of delayed claims.
  5. Constitutional Principles: The judgment touches upon fundamental rights, particularly Article 14 (right to equality), highlighting how arbitrary exclusions in service rules can be challenged.

For legal students, it serves as an excellent case study on statutory interpretation, the hierarchy of laws, and the application of constitutional principles in service law.

Disclaimer

Disclaimer: All information provided in this blog post is for informational purposes only and does not constitute legal advice. Readers should consult with a qualified legal professional for advice on specific legal issues.

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