323B. Tribunals for other matters.—
(1) The appropriate Legislature
may, by law, provide for the adjudication or trial by tribunals of any disputes,
complaints, or offences with respect to all or any of the matters specified in
clause
(2) with respect to which such Legislature has power to make laws.
(2) The matters referred to in clause
(1) are the following, namely:—
(a) levy, assessment, collection and enforcement of any tax;
(b) foreign exchange, import and export across customs frontiers;
(c) industrial and labour disputes;
(d) land reforms by way of acquisition by the State of any estate as
defined in article 31A or of any rights therein or the extinguishment or
modification of any such rights or by way of ceiling on agricultural land
or in any other way;
(e) ceiling on urban property;
(f) elections to either House of Parliament or the House or either
House of the Legislature of a State, but excluding the matters referred to
in article 329 and article 329A;
(g) production, procurement, supply and distribution of food-stuffs
(including edible oilseeds and oils) and such other goods as the President
may, by public notification, declare to be essential goods for the purpose
of this article and control of prices of such goods;
1
[
(h) rent, its regulation and control and tenancy issues including the
right, title and interest of landlords and tenants;]
2
[
(i)] offences against laws with respect to any of the matters
specified in sub-clauses
(a) to 3[
(h)] and fees in respect of any of those
matters;
______________________________________________
1. Ins. by the Constitution (Seventy-fifth Amendment) Act, 1993, s. 2 (w.e.f. 15-5-1994).
2. Sub-clause
(h) re-lettered as sub-clause
(i) by s. 2, ibid. (w.e.f. 15-5-1994).
3. Subs. by s. 2, ibid., for the brackets and letter “
(g)” (w.e.f. 15-5-1994).
185 THE CONSTITUTION OF INDIA
(Part XIVA.—Tribunals)
1
[
(j)] any matter incidental to any of the matters specified in
sub-clauses
(a) to 2[
(i)].
(3) A law made under clause
(1) may—
(a) provide for the establishment of a hierarchy of tribunals;
(b) specify the jurisdiction, powers (including the power to punish for
contempt) and authority which may be exercised by each of the said
tribunals;
(c) provide for the procedure (including provisions as to limitation
and rules of evidence) to be followed by the said tribunals;
(d) exclude the jurisdiction of all courts, except the jurisdiction of the
Supreme Court under article 136, with respect to all or any of the matters
falling within the jurisdiction of the said tribunals;
(e) provide for the transfer to each such tribunal of any cases pending
before any court or any other authority immediately before the
establishment of such tribunal as would have been within the jurisdiction
of such tribunal if the causes of action on which such suits or
proceedings are based had arisen after such establishment;
(f) contain such supplemental, incidental and consequential
provisions (including provisions as to fees) as the appropriate
Legislature may deem necessary for the effective functioning of, and for
the speedy disposal of cases by, and the enforcement of the orders of,
such tribunals.
(4) The provisions of this article shall have effect notwithstanding
anything in any other provision of this Constitution or in any other law for the
time being in force.
Explanation.—In this article, “appropriate Legislature”, in relation to any
matter, means Parliament or, as the case may be, a State Legislature competent
to make laws with respect to such matter in accordance with the provisions of
Part XI.]
______________________________________________
1. Sub-clause
(i) re-lettered as sub-clause
(j) by the Constitution (Seventy-fifth
Amendment) Act, 1993, s. 2 (w.e.f. 15-5-1994).
2. Subs. by s. 2, ibid, for “
(h)” (w.e.f. 15-5-1994).
PART XV
ELECTIONS
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